词汇精选：reserve的用法和辨析
一、详细释义：
adj.
保留的；预备的
例句：
He has played very well in the reserve side but this chance in the first team should put him on his mettle.
他在候补队中表现非常出色，但这次作为正式队员参赛将对他的能力进行考验。
例句：
Look at that boy, like a real additional soldier of reserve duty.
看这小子，真像一个预备役后备军。
n.
储备（物），保留（物）；储藏量；储备金，公积金 [U,C]
例句：
But above all they contain a bottomless reserve of cheap labour.
但是主要是这些地方有无穷无尽的廉价劳动力储备。
例句：
He must have great wealth in reserve.
他一定储备有一大笔资本。
自然保护区 [C]
例句：
If I were in charge, I would bar tourists from getting into the wildlife reserve.
假如由我负责的话，我就不允许游客进入野生动物保护区。
例句：
In1997, Xilong Mountain was approved as provincial natural reserve.
西隆山2000年被列入国家级自然保护区。
预备队员，替补队员 [C]
例句：
He ended up as a reserve, but still qualified for a team gold medal.
他最后成了替补队员，但仍有资格获得团体金牌。
例句：
He's first reserve for Liverpool.
他是利物浦队的第一号替补队员。
寡言，矜持，内敛 [U]
例句：
Miss Ley was surprised at the girl's expansiveness, contrasting with her old reserve.
使莱伊小姐还感到惊异的是，这姑娘以前是沉默寡言的，而现在却滔滔不绝。
例句：
His natural reserve made him appear self-conscious.
他天生的内敛性格让他显得有些拘谨。
后备军，预备役部队
例句：
Two infantry divisions were held in reserve.
两个步兵师留作后备军。
例句：
Their government were beginning to draw upon the last reserves.
他们的政府开始使用最后的预备军时。
v.
储备，保留 [T]
例句：
I will reserve my opinion at this time.
这次我将保留我的意见。
例句：
We must reserve money for emergencies.
我们应当储备钱留着急用。
预约，预订 [I,T]
例句：
I'll phone up today and reserve a table.
我打算今天打电话去预订一张桌子。
例句：
I'll reserve a table for five.
我要预订一张5人的桌子。
推迟，留到以后 [T]
例句：
This problem should be reserved for further consideration.
这个问题应留到以后进一步考虑。
二、词义辨析：
keep,retain,reserve,preserve,conserve,withhold
这些动词均有“保持，保存”之意。keep最常用词，指长时间牢固地保持或保存。retain指继续保持。reserve正式用词，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。preserve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。conserve一般指保存自然资源，保全人的精力、力量等。withhold指扣住不放，暗示有阻碍。
三、相关短语：
hidden reserve
秘密盈余，隐蔽准备
reserve bank
n.<美> 储备银行(指保管其他银行储备金的中央银行),(美国)联邦储备银行(=Federal Reserve Bank)
reserve clause
保留子句
reserve fund
准备金，备用基金
federal reserve
n. （美国）联邦储备系统
reserve account
公积金帐准备金帐户
reserve assets
准备资产，储备资产
valuation reserve
评价准备金
federal reserve bank
n.(美国)e Boardn.(美国e Systemn.(美沽畲⒈敢
federal reserve system
【经】 联邦储备银行制度
四、参考例句：
Reserve some watercress for garnish.
留点豆瓣菜作配菜。
I hereby reserve my judgment.
我特此保留我的评断。
Reserve your strength for climbing the mount.
留着力气爬那个山峰吧。
I'll reserve a table for five.
我要预订一张5人的桌子。
We must reserve money for emergencies.
我们应当储备钱留着急用。
Please reserve a seat for me.
请为我预定一个座位。
He's first reserve for Liverpool.
他是利物浦队的第一号替补队员。
They capitalized the company's reserve funds.
他们将公司的储备金移作资本。
His natural reserve made him appear self-conscious.
他天生的内敛性格让他显得有些拘谨。
Yes, I always reserve a suite.
是的，我总是预定一间套房。
