当前位置

首页 > 基础学英语 > 英语语法入门 > 高考英语冲刺:名词性从句的十大考点全攻略

高考英语冲刺:名词性从句的十大考点全攻略

推荐人: 来源: 阅读: 4.78K 次

Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别

高考英语冲刺:名词性从句的十大考点全攻略

一般说来,what/who等含特指意义,而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义,意为"无论什么/无论谁"。

It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

解析:答案是B,whatever引导一个宾语从句,并且作wants的宾语。这里的 whatever不能改成what,因为题意想表达的显然是"无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的",具有泛指的概念。同时要注意,这里 whatever也不能改用no matter what,因为后者只能引导状语从句。比较下例:

I can't remember at the moment who has said the words. (这里的who表特定的某人)

Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句

Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句,使用的关键是:这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。

-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

-Is that ____ you had a few days off?

A. why B. when C. that D. where

解析:答案是A,why引导的从句作表语,同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why,而不是when或 where等,唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义,及语境。

"介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句"与"介词+ whom"引导的定语从句的区别

介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格,决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。

It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

解析:答案是A。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句,作介词of宾语的,是后面的整个句子,而不是宾语从句的引导词,由于这里引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who(作宾语时自然要用whom)。

名词性从句中有插入成分时

此时应注意两点:一是从句仍然不倒装,而在插入成分上倒装;二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择。

____ you have seen both fighters, ____ will win?

A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you think

C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think

解析:根据上面的讲解,不难知道答案是D。其中do you think是插入成分,其余部分是宾语从句,作think的宾语;由于引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who(不用whom)。

引导词that的省略

引导宾语从句时,that通常可以省略,但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时,that不能省。例如:

China's success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.

A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that

解析:该句中的从句作shows的宾语,是宾语从句,又因为从句中不缺主、宾语,所以只能用that引导;又因引导宾语从句时that可以省略,所以答案是C。

同位语从句引导词where, when的用法特点

说明先行词内容的同位语从句的引导词where, when与被说明的名词在概念上不一致。但引导定语从句的引导词却必须保持一致。试比较:

arose the question ____ we were to get so much money.

the house ____ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.

A. where B. that C. about which D. in which

解析:答案分别是1.A 2.A/D。先行词与where, when概念一致时,是定语从句,2题中的house与where同表地点,且这个关系副词where或when可以用"介词+which"的形式代替,所以答案A 和D都可以引导。1题中的question与where不表同一概念,可见是同位语从句,所以where不能改用"介词+which"的形式。