计算机专业英语教程阅读
学习计算机专业的同学也需要去掌握一些常用的计算机英语，为帮助大家边学习计算机相关知识边练习英语能力，下面本站小编为大家带来计算机专业英语教程阅读，欢迎大家一起学习!
Computer hardware has four parts: the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, storagehardware, input hardware, and output hardware.
计算机硬件具有四部分：中央处理器和内存、存储硬件、输入硬件和输出硬件。
The part of the computer that runs the program is known as the processor or central processingunit (CPU). In a microcomputer, the CPU is on a single electronic component, themicroprocessor chip, within the system unit or system cabinet. The CPU itself has two parts:the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit. In a microcomputer, these are both on themicrocomputer chip.
计算机运行程序的部分被称为处理器或中央处理单元。在微型计算机中，是在一个单独的电子元件上，即微处理器芯片上，它在系统单元内或系统机箱内。本身具有两个部分：控制单元和算术一逻辑单元。在微型计算机中，这两个部分都在微型机芯片上。
The Control Unit ——The control unit tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out aprogram's instructions. It directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and thearithmetic-logic unit. It also directs these control signals between the CPU and input andoutput devices.
控制单元控制单元告诉计算机系统的其他部分如何完成程序指令。它指导着内存和算术一逻辑单元之间的电子信号的移动。它也指挥着CPU和输入输出设备之间的控制信号。
The Arithmetic-Logic Unit——The arithmetic-logic unit, usually called the ALU, performs twotypes of operations—arithmetic and logical. Arithmetic operations are, as you might expect,the fundamental math operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Logicaloperations consist of comparisons. That is , two pieces of data are compared to see whether oneis equal to, less than, or greater than the other.
算术-逻辑单元算术-逻辑单元,通常被称为ALU，完成两类运箅一算术和逻辑。 算术运算,如你所期望的，是基本的数学运算：加、减、乘、除。逻辑运算是由比较(运 算)构成的。也就是说，用数据的两部分进行比较，以看其中一个是否是等于、小于或大于另外一个。
Memory ——Memory is also known as primary storage, internal storage, it temporarilyholds data, program instructions, and information. One of the most important facts to knowabout memory is that part of its content is held only temporarily. In other words, it is storedonly as long as the computer is turned on. When you turn the machine off, the contentimmediately vanish. The stored contents in memory are volatile and can vanish very quickly.
内存内存也被称为主存储器、内部存储器,它临时地存储数据、程序指令和信息。对于内存需要了解的一个最重要的事实是它所保存的内容只是临时的。换句话说，它只在计算机开着时才保存(数据)当机器被关闭时，其内容会立即消失。在内存中所存储的信息是易失性的并能很快消失。
Storage Hardware——The purpose of storage hardware is to provide a means of storingcomputer instructions and data in a form that is relatively permanent, that is, the data is notlost when the power is turned off—and easy to retrieve when needed for e arefour kinds of storage hardware: floppy disks, hard disks, optical disk, and magnetic tape.
Floppy Disks——Floppy disks are also called diskettes, flexible disks, floppies, or simply plastic disk inside the diskette cover is flexible, not rigid. They are flat, circular pieces ofmylar plastic that rotate within a jacket. Data and programs are stored as electromagneticcharges on a metal oxide film coating the mylar plastic.
计算机软件专业英语教程篇二软盘又被称为软磁盘、可弯曲磁盘、软盘、或简单地称为磁盘。在磁盘表面内部的塑料盘是柔软的，不是坚硬的。这些塑料盘是平的、在一个套子内部旋转的圆的聚脂塑料片。程序和数据是以电磁荷的形式存储在聚脂塑料外面包着的金属氧化胶片上。
Hard Disks——Hard disks consist of metallic rather than plastic platters. They are tightly sealedto prevent any foreign matter from getting inside. Hard disks are extremely sensitiveinstruments. The read-write head rides on a cushion of air about 0.000001 inch thick. It is sothin that a smoke particle, fingerprint, dust, or human hair could cause what is known as ahead crash. A head crash happens when the surface of the read-write head or particles on itssurface contact the magnetic disk surface. A head crash is a disaster for a hard disk. It meansthat some or all of the data on the disk is destroyed. Hard disks are assembled under sterileconditions and sealed from impurities within their permanent containers.
硬盘硬盘是由金属盘片而不是塑料盘片组成的。它们被紧紧地密封起来，以防止外界东西进入。硬盘是非常灵敏的设备。读写头浮在大约0.000001英寸厚的空气气垫上。它是如此的薄，以至于烟粒、指印、灰尘或者头发都可能引起磁头划伤。当读写头的表面或表面上的微粒与磁盘表而接触时就会发生磁头划伤。磁头划伤对于硬盘来讲是灾难，它意味着磁盘上的数据部分或全部丢失。硬盘是在无菌条件下安装并且密封在远离杂质的永久的容器内。
Optical Disks——Optical disks are used for storing great quantities of data. An optical disk canhold 650 megabytes of data—the equivalent of hundreds of floppy disks. Moreover, an opticaldiskmakes an immense amount of information available on a microcomputer. In optical-disktechnology, a laser beam alters the surface of a plastic or metallic disk to represent data. Toread the data, a laser scans these areas and sends the data to a computer chip forconversion.
光盘光盘用于存储大量的数据。一个光盘可能容纳650兆字节的数据一相当于数 以百计的软盘。并且光盘使得大量的信息用于微机上。在光盘技术中，激光束改变塑料 或金属盘的表而来代表数据。为了记取数据，激光扫描这些区域并且将这些数据送给计算机芯片以转换。
Magnetic Tape——Magnetic tape is an effective way of making a backup, or duplicate, copy ofyour programs and data. We mentioned the alarming consequences that can happen if a harddisk suffers a head crash. You will lose some or all of your data or programs. Of course, you canalways make copies of your hard-disk files on floppy disks. However, this can be time-consumingand may require many floppy disks. Magnetic tape is sequential access storage and can solvethe problem mentioned above.
磁带磁带是备份，即复制、拷贝程序和数据的有效方法。我们曾提到如果硬盘遭遇磁头划伤就会产生令人担忧的结果，你将会丢失部分或全部的程序或数据。当然，你可以将硬盘上的文件拷贝到软盘上。然而这很耗时，并且需要很多软盘。磁带是顺序访问存储，能够解决上面所提问题。
Input Hardware——Input devices take data and programs people can read or understand andconvert them to a form the computer can process. This is the machine-readable electronicsignals of 0s and 1s. Input hardware is of two kinds: keyboard entry and direct entry.
输入硬件输入硬件接收人们能读懂的程序和数据并将其转换为计算机能处理的形 式-这就是机器可读的电子信号0和1。有两种输入硬件：键盘输入和直接输入。
Keyboard Entry——Data is input to the computer through a keyboard that looks like atypewriter keyboard but has additional keys. In this method, the user typically reads from anoriginal document called the source document. The user enters that document by typingon the keyboard.
键盘输入数据通过形似打字机键盘但有附加键的键盘输入到计算机。用这种方式，用户一般读取被称为是源文件的初始文件。用户通过在键盘上打字而输入那个文件。
Direct Entry——Data is made into machine-readable form as it is entered into the computer,no keyboard is used. Direct entry devices may be categorized into three areas: pointing devices(for example, mouse, touch screen, light pen, digitizer are all pointing devices), scanningdevices (for example, image scanner, fax machine, bar-code reader are all scanning devices),and voice-input devices.
直接输入当数据输入到计算机时，是以机器可读懂的形式输入的，不需要键盘。直接输入设备可以被分成三类：指针设备(如：鼠标、触摸屏、光笔、数字化仪都是指针设备)、扫描设备(如图像扫描仪、传真机、条形码读器都是扫描设备)和声音输入设备。
Output Hardware——Output devices convert machine-readable information into people-readable form. Common output devices are monitors, printers, plotters, and voice output.
输出硬件输出设备将机器可读的信息转换为人类可读的形式。一般的输出设备有监视器、打印机、绘图仪和声音输出设备。
Monitors——Monitors are also called display screen or video display terminals. Most monitorsthat sit on desks are built in the same way as television sets, these are called cathode-raytubes. Another type of monitor is flat-panel display, including liquid-crystal display (LCD),electroluminescent (EL) display Chapter 1 Computer Fundamentals and LCD does not emit light of its own. Rather, it consists of crystal molecules. Anelectric field causes the molecules to line up in a way that alters their optical rtunately, many LCDs are difficult to read in sunlight or other strong light. A gas-plasmadisplay is the best type of flat screen. Like a neon light bulb, the plasma display uses a gasthat emits light in the presence of an electric current.
监视器监视器也被称为屏幕显示或视频显示终端。大多数放在桌面上的监视器的制作方法同电视一样，被称为是阴极射线管。另一类监视器是平板显示器，包括液晶显示、光电发光显示和等离子显示。液晶显示自己不发射光，相反，是由晶体分子组成，电场使得这些分子排成一行，在某种程度上改变着它们的光学特性。不幸的是，许多液晶显示器在太阳光或其他强光下很难读到。等离子显示器是平板显示器中最好的一种，像霓光灯泡，等离子显示器在电流存在的情况下使用一种发光的气体。
计算机软件专业英语教程篇三Printers——There are four popular kinds of printers: dot-matrix, laser, ink-jet, and thermal.
打印机有四种流行的打印机：点阵式、激光式、喷墨式和热敏式。
Dot-Matrix Printe——Dot-matrix printers can produce a page of text in less than 10 secondsand are highly reliable. They form characters or images using a series of small pins on a printhead. The pins strike an inked ribbon and create an image on paper. Printers are availablewith print heads of 9, 18, or 24 pins. One disadvantage of this type of printer is noise.
点阵式打印机能在不到几秒的时间内打印一页文本并且非常可靠。点阵式打印机利用在打印头上的一系列小针来形成字符或图像。这些针击打喷墨的色带并在纸上产生图像。有9针、18针和24针的打印机，这种打印机的一个缺点是它的噪音。
Laser Printer——The laser printer creates dotlike images on a drum, using a laser beam lightsource. The characters are treated with a magnetically charged inklike toner and then aretransferred from drum to paper. A heat process is used to make the characters adhere. Thelaser printer produces images with excellent letter and graphics quality.
激光打印机使用激光束光源在磁鼓上产生小点一样的图像，用磁化的带电的像墨一样的碳粉处理这些字符，然后从磁鼓传送到纸上，再使用热处理过程使这些字符粘贴。激光打印机打印的图像字符淸晰，图像质盘高。
Ink-Jet Printer——An ink-jet printer sprays small droplets of ink at high speed onto the surfaceof the paper. This process not only produces a letter-quality image but also permits printing tobe done in a variety of colors.
喷墨式打印机能以很高速度将小点状墨汁喷到纸面上。这一过程不仅印刷高质量的图像，并且能打印彩色图像。
Thermal Printer——A thermal printer uses heat elements to produce images on heat-sensitivepaper. Color thermal printers are not as popular because of their cost and the requirement ofspecifically treated paper. They are a more special use printer that produces near photographicoutput. They are widely used in professional art and design work where very high qualitycolor is essential.
热敏式打印机使用热元素在热感应纸上产生图像。由于价格以及需要特殊处理的纸张，彩色热敏打印机不是很普及。热敏式打印机是打印逼真输出的特殊打印机。它们被广泛应用在要求高质盘彩色输出的专业艺术设计工作中。
Plotters—Plotters are special-purpose output devices for producing bar charts, maps,architectural drawings, and even three-dimensional illustrations. Plotters can produce high-quality multicolor documents and also documents that are larger in size than most printers canhandle. There are four types of plotters: pen, ink-jet, electrostatic, and direct imaging.
绘图仪是特殊用途的输出设备，用于产生条形图、地图、建筑绘图、甚至三维图表。绘图仪可以输出高质量的多种色彩的文档，并且文档的尺寸比大多数打印机能处理的要大。有四种类型的绘图仪：钢笔、喷墨、静电和直接图像。
Voice-Output Devices——Voice-output devices make sounds that resemble human speech butactually are pre-recorded vocalized sounds. Voice output is used as a reinforcement tool forlearning, such as to help students study a foreign language. It is used in many supermarkets atthe checkout counter to confirm purchases. Of course, one of the most powerful capabilities isto assist the physically challenged.
声音输出设备声音输出设备可以发出类似于人类说话的声音，但实际上是事先录制的声音。声音输出被用作学习的加强工具，例如帮助学生学习外语。它被用于许多超市的检验柜台来确认购买。当然，它最强大的功能是用来帮助残障者。
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Software refers to computer programs. Programs are the instructions that tell the computerhow to process data into the form you want. There are two kinds of software: system softwareand application software.
软件指的是计算机程序。程序是告诉计算机如何将数据处理成你想要的形式的指令。有两种软件：系统软件和应用软件。
System software is a collection of programs that enables application software to run on acomputer system's hardware devices, it is background software and includes programs that helpthe computer manage its own internal resources.
系统软件是指能让应用软件在计算机系统硬件设备上运行的程序的集合，它是后台软件并且包括帮助计算机管理自己内部资源的程序。
Application software is a specialized programs that enables the user to accomplish specifictasks.
应用软件是让用户能够完成特定任务的专门程序。
In this text, we mainly discuss system em software consists of four kinds ofprograms: bootstrap loader, diagnostic routines, basic input-output system, and operatingsystem. Among these four parts, the operating system is we most concerned with, whith helpsmanage computer resources. Most important operating systems are: Windows, Windows NT,OS/2, Macintosh, and Unix.
在这一节中，我们主要讨论系统软件。系统软件由四种程序组成：引导装入程序、诊断例程、基本输入输出系统和操作系统。在这四种当中，操作系统是我们最为关心的，它帮助管理计算机资源。最重要的操作系统有Windows、Windows NT、OS/2、Macintosh和Unix。
Windows —Windows gets its name because of its ability to run multiple applications at thesame time, each in its own window. Windows offers graphical user interface (GUI), presents theuser with graphic images of computer functions and data. It provides a standard mechanismfor copying or moving information from one program to another. This mechanism, called theClipboard, means that information created in one context is instantly reusable in another, youdon't need to reenter information or work with clumsy data-transfer utilities. Windows alsohas DDE (dynamic data exchange) and OLE (object linking and embedding) functions. In DDEtwo or more applications can be linked. This way, data created in one application isautomatically entered into the others. OLE, like DDE, links data between tionally, OLE allows the application receiving the data to directly access the applicationthat created the data.
Windows之所以称为窗口是因为它具有能同时运行多个应用程序的能力，并且每一个程序有其自己的窗口。Windows提供图形用户界面，给用户提供计算机的功能和数据的图像。它提供标准的机制用于将信息从一个程序拷贝或移动到另一个程序。这个机制被称为剪贴板，意味着在一个文本中产生的信息可以被另外一个文本立即重新使用，而用户不需要重新输入信息或使用繁琐的数据传送实用程序。Windows还具有DDE(动态数据交换)和OLE (对象链接和嵌入)功能。在DEE中两个或更多的应用程序可以被链接。使用这种方法，在一个应用程序中产生的数据可以自动地进入其他的程序。OLE类似于DEE在应用程序之间链接数据。另外，OLE允许接收数据应用程序可以直接访问建立这个数据的 应用程序。
计算机系统软件专业英语教程篇二Windows NT—Windows NT is an operating system designed to run on a wide range of powerfulcomputers and microcomputers. It is a very sophisticated and powerful operation loped by Microsoft, Windows NT is not considered a replacement for Window. Rather, it isan advanced alternative designed for very powerful microcomputers and networks. WindowsNT has two major advantages when compare to Windows:
Windows NT它是一种可以在很大泛围内的功能强大的计算机和微型计算机上运行的操作系统。它是非常复杂和功能强大的操作系统。Windows NT由微软公司开发，并不是为了替代确切地说，它是设计给功能非常强大的微型计算机和网络的另外一个可供选择的高级(操作系统)。Windows NT和Windows相比较具有两个主要的优点：
Multiprocessing It is similar to multitasking except that the applications are run independentlyat the same time. For instance, you could be printing a word processing document and using adatabase management program at the same time. With multitasking, the speed at which thedocument is printed is affected by the demands of the database management program. Withmultiprocessing, the demands of the database management program do not affect the printingof the document.
多道处理除了应用程序是同时独立运行之外，它类似于多任务。比如，你可能正在打印字处理文档并且同时在使用数据库管理程序。在这种多任务操作情况下，文件打印的速度会受到使用数据库管理程序这一要求的影响。使用多道处理要求数据库管理程序并不影响打印文档。
Networking In many business environments, workers often use computer to communicate withone another and to share software using a network. This is made possible and controlled byspecial system software. Windows NT has network capabilities and security checks built intothe operating system. This makes network installation and use relatively easy.
网络在许多商业环境中，工作人员经常使用计算机相互进行交流，并且通过网络共享软件。这是可以通过专门的系统软件来实现和控制的。Windows NT具有网络功能和嵌入到操作系统内的安全检测功，这使得网络安装和使用相对容易。
OS/2 OS/2 stands for Operating System/2. It was developed jointly by IBM and MicrosoftCorporation. OS/2 has many similarities with Windows NT. It is designed for very powerfulmicrocomputers and has several advanced features. Some of its advantages over Windows NTinclude:
OS/2代表操作系统/2。它是由IBM和微软公司联合开发的。OS/2和Windows NT具有许多相似之处。它是设计给功能强大的微型计算机的，并且具有几个先进特点。它优于Windows NT的一些优点包括：
Minimum system configuration Like Windows NT, OS/2 requires significant memory and harddisk space. However, OS/2 requires slightly less.
最小的系统配置 像Windows NT一样, OS/2要大的内存和硬盘空间。然而，OS/2需要的较少。
Windows application Like Windows NT, OS/2 does not have a large number of applicationprograms written especially for it. OS/2 can also run Windows programs, but it runs theseprograms slightly faster than Windows NT.
窗口应用 OS/2和Windows NT一样，没有很多专门为它编写的应用程序。OS/2同样可以运行程序，但它运行这些程序的速度比Windows NT更 快一些 。
Common user interface Microcomputer application programs written specifically for WindowsNT, as well as for OS/2, have consistent graphics interfaces. Across applications, the user isprovided with similar screen displays, menus, and operations. Additionally, OS/2 offers aconsistent interface with mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.
共同的用户界面专门为Windows NT以及OS/2编写的微型计算机应用程序，具有一致的图形界面。在应用程序里，提供给用户类似的显示、菜单和操作。此外，OS/2为大型机、小型机和微型机提供一致的界面。
Macintosh Operation System —The Macintosh Software, which runs only on Macintoshcomputers, offers a high-quality graphical user interface and is very easy to use. AppleMacintosh System 7.5 designed for Apple computers using Motorola's PowerPC microprocessor,is a significant milestone for Apple. It is a very powerful operating system like Windows NT andOS/2. System 7.5 has network capabilities and can read Windows and OS/2 files. It hasseveral advantages:
Macintosh操作系统它仅运行在Macintosh计算机上，提供高质量的图形用户界面，并且很容易使用。AppleMacintosh System 7.5是为使用Motorola's公司的PowerPC的微处理器的Apple计算机设计的，对于Apple机来说是一个重要的里程碑。它像Windows NT和OS/2―样是功能强大的操作系统。System 7.5具有网络功能并能读出Windows NT和OS/2的文件。它具有几个优点：
Ease of use The graphical user interface has made the Macintosh popular with manynewcomers to computing. This because it is easy to learn.
容易使用图形用户界面使得Macintosh在许多计算机新手用户中普及，这是因为它容易学习。
计算机系统软件专业英语教程篇三Quality graphics Macintosh has established a high standard for graphics processing. This is aprincipal reason why the Macintosh is popular for desktop publishing. Users are easily able tomerge pictorial and text materials to produce nearly professional-looking newsletters,advertisements, and the like.
高质量的图像Macintosh已经建立了髙标准的图像处理，这就是为什么Macintosh在桌面印刷系统流行的主要原因，用户可以很容易地将图片和文字材料组织成比较专业的通信稿、广告等。
Consistent interfaces Macintosh applications have a consistent graphics interface. Across allapplications, the user is provided with similar screen displays, menus, and operations.
一致的界面Macintosh应用程序具有一致的图形界面。在所有的应用程序中，提供给用户相似的屏幕显示、菜单和操作。
Multitasking Like Windows, Windows NT, and OS/2, the Macintosh System enables you to domultitasking. That is, several programs can run at the same time.
多任务像Windows, Windows NT和OS/2 —样，Macintosh系统使得你实现多任务，即几个程序可同时运行。
Communications between Macintosh system allows applications programs toshare data and commands with other applications programs.
程序之间的通信Macintosh系统允许应用程序之间共享数据和命令。
Unix—Unix was originally developed by AT&T for minicomputers and is very good formultitasking. It is also good for networking between computers. Unix initially became popularin industry because for many years AT&T licensed the system to universities for a nominalfee. It is popular among engineers and technical people, with the arrival of very powerfulmicrocomputers, Unix is becoming a larger player in the microcomputer world. Unix can be usedwith different types of computer systems, that is, it is a portable operating system. It is usedwith microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The other operatingsystems are designed for microcomputers and are not nearly as portable. It also has theadvantages of multitasking, multiprocessing, multiuser, and networking.
Unix它起初是由AT&T为微型机开发的，非常适于执行多任务处理。它也适合于计算机之间的网络链接。由于多年来AT&T一直将系统以象征性的费用提供给大学使用。因此，Unix起初就在工业领域很普及。它在工程师和技术人员中很普及，随着功能强大的微型计算机的到来，Unix正成为微机世界的大玩家。Unix可被用于不同类型的计算机系统，也就是说它是便携式的操作系统。它可用于微型机、小型机、大型机和巨型机上。其他的操作系统被设计用于微型机上且几乎不可移植。Unix也具有多任务、多道处理、多用户和网络功能的优点。
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Applicationsoftware might be described as end-user software. Application softwareperformsuseful work on general-purpose tasks such as word processing and e are certain general-purpose programs that are widely used innearly all career areas. Theyare: word processing, electronic spreadsheets,graphic programs and so on. They are also calledbasic tools and have somecommon features.
应用软件可被指定为最终用户软件。成用软件完成有用的通用任务，例如字处理和价格评估。有些是被广泛用于几乎所有行业领域的通用程序。它们是：字处理、电子表格和图像程序等。它们也被称为基本工具，并且具有一些共同的特性。
Insert Point：The insert point or cursor shows you whereyou can enter data next. Typically, itis a blinking vertical bar on thescreen. You can move it around using a mouse or the directionalarrow keys onmany keyboards.
插入点：插入点或光标显示标示着用户接下来可以输入数据的地方。一般来说，它是屏幕上闪动的竖直条。用户可以使用鼠标或键盘上的方向键移动它。
Menus：Almost all software packages have cally,the menus are displayed in a menubar at the top of the screen. Whenone of these is selected, a pull-down menu appears. This is alist of commandsassociated with the selected menu.
菜单：几乎所有的软件都有菜单。一般地，菜中显示在屏幕顶部的菜单栏中。当其中之一被选中，就会出现下拉式菜中。这是和所选菜单相关的一列命令。
Help：Formost applications, one of the menus on the menu bar is Help. When selected, theHelpoptions appear. [1]These options typically include a table of contents, asearch feature to locatereference information about specific commands, andcentral options to move around.
帮助：对于大多数成用程序，菜单栏中的都有一个“帮助”菜中。当被选中，帮助选项出现。这些选项一般包含一个表的内容，查询有关特殊命令的说明信息和可以到处移动的集中选项
Button Bars：Buttonbars typically are below the menu bar. They contain icons orgraphicrepresentations for commonly used commands. This offers the user a graphicapproach toselecting commands. It is an example of a graphic user interface inwhich graphic objects ratherthan menus can be used to select commands.
工具栏：工具栏一般位于菜单栏的下面。它们包含图标或普通命令的图像表示符。这就使得用户可以通过图像符号来选择命令。工具栏就是图形用户界面的一个例子，在图形用户界面中使用图像目标而不是菜单来选择命令。
Dialog Box：Dialogboxes frequently appear after selecting a command from a pull-downmenu. Theseboxes are used to specify additional command options.
对话框：通常在下拉式菜单中选择了一个命令之后就会出现对话框。这些对话框用来说明附加的命令选项。
计算机应用软件专业英语教程篇二Scroll Bars：Scrollbars are usually located on the right and/or the bottom of the enable you to display additional information not currently visible on thescreen.
滚动条：滚动条通常位于屏幕的右边或底部。它们通常能够显示在当前屏幕上看不到的附加信息。
WYSIWYG：Pronounced "wizzy-wig", WYSIWYGstands for "What You See Is What You Get."This means that the imageon the screen display looks the same as the final printeddocument. Applicationprograms without WYSIWYG cannot always display an exactrepresentation of thefinal printed document. The WYSIWYG feature allows the user topreview thedocument's appearance before it is printed out.
WYSIWYG：发“wizzy-wig”音，WYSIWYG代表“所见即所得”。这就意味着在屏幕上显示的图像和最终打卬出来的文档是一样的。没有WYSIWYG的应用程序，就不能显示最终打卬文档的精确表示。WYSIWYG特性允许用户在文档打卬之前预览文档的全貌。
Function Keys：Function keys are labeled F1, F2, and so e keys are positioned alongthe left side or along the top of the are used for commands or tasks that areperformed frequently, such asunderlining. These keys do different things in different softwarepackages.
功能键：功能键被标为FI、F2等等，这些键位于键盘的左边或顶部。它们用于需经常完成的命令或任务，比如下划线。这些键在不同的软件包内完成不同的事情。
Now let'sintroduce respectively the most common used application software: wordprocessing,and spreadsheets.
现在分别介绍最常使用的应用软件：字处理和电子表格。
Word processingsoftware is used to create, edit, save, and print documents. Documents canbeany kind of text material. With word processing, you view the words you type ona monitorinstead of on a piece of paper. After you finish your typing, saveyour words on diskettes or harddisk, and print the results on paper.
字处理软件被用于建立、编辑、保存和打印文档。文档可以是任何类型的文本材料。使用字处理，可以浏览打在显示器而不是纸上的文字。打印完毕后，可以将文字存放在软盘或硬盘上，并且可以将结果打印在纸上。
The beauty ofthis method is that you can make changes or corrections-before printing outthedocument. Even after your document is printed out, you can easily go back andmakechanges. You can then print it out again. Want to change a report fromdouble spaced to singlespaced? Alter the width of the margins on the left andright? Delete some paragraphs and addsome others from yet another document? Aword processor allows you to do all these with ed, deleting,inserting, and replacing—the principal correcting activities—can be done justbypressing keys on the keyboard. Popular word processing software are Word ,WPS and so have some common features.
这种方式的精妙之处在于在用户打印文档之前可以进行修改，即使文档已打印出来，也可以很容易地返回去并进行修改，然后再打印出来。你想把一个报告的行距从双倍改成单倍吗?你想改变左右边距的宽度吗?你想删除一些段落并插入其他文档的一些段落吗?字处理可以很容易地帮你完成这些亊情。事实上，删除、插入和替换——几种主要的修改任务一一只要按键盘上的键就可以完成。流行的字处理软件是Word、WPS等。它们具有一些共同的特性。
Word Wrap andthe Enter Key：One basicword processing feature is word wrap. When youfinish a line, a word processordecides for you and automatically moves the insertion point tothe next begin a new paragraph or leave a blank line, you press the Enter key.
字换行和回车键：字处理的一个基本特点是换行。当完成一行时，字处理器就会决定并且自动地将插入点移动到下一行。若要开始一个新段或空一段，可以按回车键。
Search and Replace：A search or find command allows you to locateany character, word, orphrase in your document. When you search, the insertionpoint moves to the first place theitem appears. If you want, the program willcontinue to search for all other locations where theitem appears. The replacecommand automatically replaces the word you search for withanother word. Thesearch and replace commands are useful for finding and fixing errors.
查找和替换：查找命令允许在文档中寻找任何字符、词或短语。查找时，插入点就会移动到所查项目首次出现的位置。如果还想查，程序就会继续寻找所查项目出现的所有地方。替换命令会自动地用另外的字来替换所搜寻的那个字。寻找和替换命令对于发现和修改错误是非常有用的。
计算机应用软件专业英语教程篇三Cut,Copy,and Paste：With a wordprocessor, you select the portion of text to be moved byhighlighting it. Usingeither the menu or button bar, choose the command to cut the selectedtext. Theselected text disappears from your screen. Then move the insertion point to thenewlocation and choose the paste command to reinsert the text into thedocument. In a similarmanner, you can copy selected portions of text from onelocation to another.
剪切、拷贝和粘贴：使用字处理，通过醒目显示选择要移动的文本部分。使用菜中或工具栏，选择命令来剪切所选的文本，这样所选择的文本就会在屏幕上消失。然后移动插入点到新的位置，选择粘贴命令，把剪切的内容重新插入到文本。用类似的方法，可以复制选中的文本到另外一个地方。
Spreadsheet：A spreadsheet is an electronic worksheet usedto organize and manipulatenumbers and display options for adsheets are used by financial analysts,accountants, contractors, andothers concerned with manipulating numeric data. Spreadsheetsallow you to tryout various "what-if" kinds of possibilities. That is a powerfulfeature. You canmanipulate numbers by using stored formulas and calculatedifferent outcomes.
电子表格：电子表格是用于组织和管理数字并显示选项以供分析的电作表。电子表格是由金融分析师、会计师、项目承包人以及其他和操纵数字数据有关的人员来使用的。电子表格允许用户尝试各种假设分析的可能性。这是一个很有用的特性。可以通过使用存储的公式处理数字，并且计算出不同的结果。
A spreadsheethas several parts. The worksheet area of the spreadsheet has letters forcolumnheadings across the top. It also has numbers for row headings down the leftside. Theintersection of a column and row is called a cell. The cell holds asingle unit of position of a cell is called the cell example, "A1" is the cell address of thefirst position on aspreadsheet, the topmost and leftmost position. A cell pointer—also knownasthe cell selector—indicates where data is to be entered or changed in thespreadsheet. Thecell pointer can be moved around in much the same way that youmove the insertion pointer ina word processing program. Excel is the mostcommon spreadsheet software. It has somecommon features of spreadsheet programs.
电子表格具有几个部分。电子表格的工作表区域在顶部有列标的字母，在左边有行标的数字。行和列的交点，被称为单元格。单元格存有单一的信息。单元格的位置被称为是单元格地址。例如，“A1”就是电子表格的首位置，即最顶部和最左边的位置。单元格指针——也被称为是选择器——指示在表格中数据在那里输入及修改。单元格指针可以到处移动，其移动方式非常像在字处理程序中移动插入点的方式。Excel是最常见的电子表格软件，它具有一些电子表格程序共同的特性。
Format：Label is often used to identify informationin a worksheet, it is usually a word orsymbol. A number in cell is called avalue. Labels and values can be displayed or formatted indifferent ways. Alabel can be centered in the cell or positioned to the left or right. A valuecanbe displayed to show decimal places, dollars, or percent. The number of decimalpositions canbe altered, and the width of columns can be changed.
格式：标号通常用于标记工作表中的信息，通常是一个字或符号。中元格中的数字被称为是值。标号和值可以用不同的方式显示和格式化。标号可以在单元格内居中或居左、居右。值可被显示小数的位置、美元或百分数。小数位数可以被改变，列的宽度也可以被改变。
Formulas：One of the benefits of spreadsheets is thatyou can manipulate data through theuse of formulas. Formulas are instructionsfor calculations. They make connections betweennumbers in particular cells.
公式：电子表格的优点之一是可以通过使用公式来处理数据。公式是计算的指令，它们能使特殊单元格内的数字之间建立联系。
Functions：Functions are built-in formulas that performcalculations automatically.
函数：函数是自动完成计算的内部公式。
Recalculation：Recalculation or what-if analysis is one ofthe most important features ofspreadsheets. If you change one or more numbersin your spreadsheet, all related formulas willrecalculate automatically. Thusyou can substitute one value for another in the cells affectedby your formulaand recalculate the results. For more complex problems, recalculationenablesyou to store long, complicated formulas and many changing values and quicklyproducealternatives.
重新计算：重新计算或“what-if”分析是电子表格最重要的特性之一。如果改变了表格中的一个或多个数字，所有相关的公式将会自动地重新计算。这样就可以替换由公式改变的单元格内的值，并且重新计算结果。对于较复杂的问题，重新计算让用户能够存储长的、复杂的公式和许多改变的值，并且很快地产生替换。
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