雅思阅读之扫读法

雅思阅读文章在考试时读不完很正常，而且也没有必要真正逐词逐句读完。为了让价提高阅读效率，下面是小编给大家带来的雅思阅读之扫读法，希望能帮到大家!

第一步，大致“扫”一下文章。寻找那些不变和显眼的东西，如数据、数字和地名等，例如，“000”这样的数字就很容易看到，简单扫一下就行，找出最为显眼的细节并标出它们在哪儿。

然后，“扫”一下问题。看看问题中是否包含任何的数字或数据?如果有，答案就应很容易找到。扫完问题之后，返回到文章。现在我们真正开始阅“读”。然而，我们仍然不用花费时间去阅读整篇文章。此时只读每段的首末句，我们就可以形成概念，什么信息在文章的什么地方。我们知道了每一段的主题，也就知道了相关的信息可以在哪里找到。这就意味着我们可以轻松地在文中定位答案。

如果在读完首句、末句及此段中的例子之后，仍然找不到答案，这时候你才有必要通“读”全段。重点在于，这是你次真正通读文章的某一部分。事实上通读文章是你应采取的办法，就算此时，我们也没有必要通读全文，只阅读相关的段落即可。

需要强调的是绝大多数的问题都是细节化的，并很容易通过热点找到。但如果问题问得范围较大，涉及到某段的内容。那程序也是先读首句、末句，再读例子，之后如果仍有必要，再通读整段。

　　雅思阅读之帆船集团

The Galleon trial

Rajaratnam guilty as charged

IN A phone call recorded by the government in 2008, Raj Rajaratnam, the boss of Galleon Group, a large hedge fund, called Danielle Chiesi, an executive at another fund, to thank her for sharing a tip. “But it’s a conquest, right?” he asks her. “It’s a conquest,” she responds. “You’re a warrior. I’m a warrior.”

On May 11th Mr Rajaratnam lost the battle he was fighting against government prosecutors. He was convicted on 14 counts of securities fraud and conspiracy, and faces up to 205 years in prison when he is sentenced in July. A New York jury found that Mr Rajaratnam made nearly $64m from trading based on tips he ferreted out from a network of corporate executives and traders about firms like Goldman Sachs, Google and Intel. He rewarded them generously for confidential information. He paid Anil Kumar, then an executive at McKinsey, $500,000 a year for tips about the firm’s clients, for example.

This is the first insider-trading case in which the government has used wiretaps, and they were pivotal in Mr Rajaratnam’s conviction. The jury heard dozens of conversations that showed him as foul-mouthed, boastful and conniving. In one Mr Rajaratnam and his brother, Rengan, talk about getting another McKinsey executive to leak information. “Everybody is a scumbag,” says Rengan, and they laugh.

Mr Rajaratnam, a risk-taker in his trading, took the same approach to fighting the government’s charges against him. He hired a public-relations manager to set up a website, , which attacked supposedly biased news articles and posted documents relevant to his case. His lawyers argued that the information Mr Rajaratnam traded on was publicly available, pointing to news reports that speculated about upcoming deals and results.

But it proved impossible to distract the jury from what was said in those calls. The defence case also stumbled when Rick Schutte, a former Galleon president who testified that Mr Rajaratnam was just a meticulous researcher, revealed under questioning that Mr Rajaratnam and his family had invested $25m in his new hedge fund.

A glimpse inside

The trial afforded a glimpse inside what used to be one of the industry’s largest and most respected funds. Galleon, which managed $6.5 billion at its peak, gathered staff every morning at a meeting, and employees were fined if they were late. Analysts and portfolio managers had to circulate weekly reports with their best trading ideas. Mr Rajaratnam sat in front of six computer screens during the day. Internal instant messages, e-mails and company documents revealed an intense and competitive culture that blended legitimate research with illegally obtained tips.

Mr Rajaratnam’s lawyer says he will appeal against his conviction. Providing it stands, the verdict will be an important victory for emboldened prosecutors, who are making insider trading and market abuse a priority. Enforcement of insider-trading law tends to go up after periods of market stress, according to Laura Beny, a professor at the University of Michigan Law School. In the past 18 months, the US Attorney’s Office has charged 47 people with insider trading. Mr Rajaratnam is the 35th to be convicted.

“A long-term full-court press to root out insider trading in the hedge-fund business” is how Janice Fedarcyk, an assistant director at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, has described the government’s ambitions. Robert Khuzami, director of enforcement at the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), says it will target hedge funds for “aberrational” performance, which he considers to be outperforming the market consistently by 3%.

Edgy hedgies

Hedge-fund executives, gathering in Las Vegas for an industry event, are not pleased with all the attention they’re getting. More unflattering headlines are likely. The government has already arrested several other hedge-fund managers, including two former portfolio managers at SAC Capital, one of the industry’s largest funds, as part of a crackdown on the use of “expert network” firms, which link hedge funds with company executives. Another Galleon employee, Zvi Goffer, who attended Mr Rajaratnam’s trial, has been charged with insider trading, and will stand trial later this month.

It is not just hedge funds that will feel the fallout from Galleon. The case ensnared executives and board members at companies like McKinsey, Intel, Goldman Sachs, Moody’s and IBM. This will lead companies to rethink their insider-trading and compliance policies. The biggest fish to be caught up in the mess so far is Rajat Gupta, a former board member of Goldman Sachs and ex-boss of McKinsey, who has been charged by the SEC in an administrative proceeding for allegedly passing tips to Mr Rajaratnam. Mr Gupta has sued the SEC and is asking to stand trial in front of a jury. He may reconsider now that he has seen Mr Rajaratnam’s fate.