高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语
主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是 指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料，快来学习学习吧!
高中英语语法专题主谓一致
一. 就近原则：在 not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例： only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.
er you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.
二. 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数;指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例： class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .
team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .
三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例： ie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.
son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)
四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例： of the girls is fond of pop music in her class.
one is expecting you at the school gate .
但 none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。
例： None of them are / is interested in local music.
另外：当 every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。
例： student is preparing for the final examination now.
y boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment.
teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place .
each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语，谓语由主语they确定)
五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。
例： hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。
n kilometers was covered in two hours .
但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。
例： times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make /makes twenty .)
六. 当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由 and 连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。
例： her he succeeds or fails doesn't concern me . (他成功或失败与我无关)
ming in the Yangtze River needs great courage.
say something is one thing, to do it is another.
play basketball and to go swimming are of great use for character-training.
另外：当 what, all (that) 或such 引导的句子做主语时，谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.
例： he wants is some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forward to are some English dictionaries.
that they ask for are vegetables, fruits , quilts and clothes .
are the things I often do in a day.
is my best friend Mary.
七. 当一个复数名词用做书名，人名，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。
例： iver's Travels is a novel written by Jonathan Swift .( 格列佛游记 )
Times is a very helpful newspaper for our studies . (泰晤士报)
八. 定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。
例： is the only one of the students who has passed the examination.
told us something about the houses which were built in the 1540's / 1540s.
九. 在强调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。
例： 1.I am in the search for my missing gold ring .
其强调句为： It is I who am in the search for my missing gold ring .
十.几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。
A. 当and 与 both…and …连接两个主语时，一般用复数的谓语。但如果由and并列的两个主语是指同一人时，此时后面一个主语没有冠词，其谓语用单数，表示一 个人具有双重身份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。
例： teacher and writer is giving the boys a very wonderful lecture .
teacher and the singer are talking in the hall.
B. " the +形容词 / 分词 "做主语表一类人时，谓语一般用复数;但 the rest 要看它代表的东西来确定。
例： wounded are being done first aid beside the road now .
has taken some of the vegetables. The rest are still on the table .
has eaten up some of the cheese . The rest has gone bad .
rest of the story was wonderfully moving and I was moved to tears
C. many 修饰主语时，谓语用复数。但 "many a… , more than one +单数名词"(意为"不只一个")，虽说具有复数意义，但谓语仍用单数。
例： students have made that mistake before .
a student has made that mistake before .
than one student has made that mistake before .
D. 当trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes, socks, gloves等由两个部分构成的物品做主语时， 谓语一般用复数。但若与 a pair of, a kind of 等连用时，谓语用单数。
例： trousers are torn into pieces in the bike accident .
pair of trousers belongs to my sister . Mine are being washed .
主谓一致专练
1.----_______ either he or I proud of the job ?
-----Neither he nor you __________.
A. Am, are B. Is, are C. Are, are D. Am, is
2. A knife and fork ______ lying on the floor .
A. was seen B. were seen C. see D. sees
factory, including its equipments and buildings ,____burnt last night .
A. is B. are C. was D. were
4 .I, who _____ your close friend, will share your joys and sorrows ( 悲伤).
A. was B. are C. is D. am
5. Over 70 percent of the population in this province _______ farmers .
A. is B. are C. has D. have
6. Some person ______asking for you at the entrance to the cinema .
A. will be B. is being C. is D. are
rest of the novel _______ very wonderful and instructive .
A. were B. are C. is D. seem
y means ______ tried, but there is no absolute result yet.
A. have been B. has been C. will be D. were
I want ______ an interesting book while what he expects _____ two cups of coffee .
A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are
10.A teacher, together with four students, ______ sent to help with this research the next week .
A. was B. has C. were D. are
lost one of the books which ______borrowed from the library yesterday.
A. were B. was C. had D. have
,as well as his relatives and friends, ________a party at home now.
A. are having B. is have C. is holding D. are holding
26th Olympic Games ______ held successfully .
A. is B. will be C. are D. were
but the one that asked for leave yesterday ______ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
each side of the road ________ a lot of tall trees .
A. stands B. is standing C. grow D. is growing
e hours with your old friends________ to be a short time .
A. seem B. seems C. is seeming D. has seemed
and where to build the new first aid center _______ yet.
A. hasn't been decided B. doesn't decided
C. haven't been decided D. aren't decided
United Nations _________ in 1959 .
A. were found B. were founded C. was found D. was founded
teacher and each scientist _______ invited to take part in the conference.
A. are B. was C. has D. were
and a half apples _______ left on the table .
A. are B. is C. has D. have
(参考答案：BACDB CCBAA ACDDC BADBA/B )
高考英语必背的短语
51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起。
52. arrange for . to do sth. 安排…做…
53. arrive on 到达;arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出，作出;arrive in 到达某地(大地方);
54. be ashamed of (=feel shame， guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以… 为羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证， 使…确信。
56. attach(to) (=to fix， fasten;join) 缚， 系 ，结
57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one's attention， care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon， serve， look after) 侍候，照料
59. attitude to toward …对…的态度。看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把……归因于……， 认为……是……的结果
61. on the average (=on average， on an average) 平均
62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of ， having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。
63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面
64. in the back of 在…后部(里面);on the back of 在…后部(外面);be on one's back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。
65. at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护;have sb. at one 's back 有…支持， 有…作后台
66. turn one's back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃
67. behind one's back 背着某人(说坏话)
68. be based on upon 基于
69. on the basis of 根据…， 在…基础上
70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
71. begin with 以…开始。to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语)
72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义
73. believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider . to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。
74. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。
75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)
76. for the better 好转
77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。
78. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时;give birth to 出生
79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
81. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机
82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地，不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事。
88. be busy with sth.于某事 . be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二。
90. but for (=without) 要不是。表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买
92. be capable of 能够， 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or money， at any rate， at any price， at any cost ， whatever happens;anyhow)无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;
95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…， 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97. be cautious of 谨防
98. center one's attention on(=focus one's attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。
100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地
