大学英语六级冲刺模拟题 第九套（含答案）上

Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first　method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often　insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary　for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others　of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so　it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but　as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who　wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived.

21.The author of the passage does not believe that ____.
A) people can protect themselves
B) the truth makes men free
C) leaders have to be consistent
D) princes are human

22.The lion represents those who are ____.
A) too trusting B) strong and careful
C) reliant on force D) lacking in intelligence

23.The fox, in this passage, is ____.
A) admired for his trickery B) no match for the lion
C) pitied for his trick D) considered worthless

24.The writer suggests that a successful leader must ____.
A) be prudent and faithful
B) cheat and lie
C) have principle to guide his actions
D) tell the people the truth about his opponent

25.The writer would approve an unsuccessful political candidate ____.
A) gave up all his opportunities
B) promised to try again next time
C) overthrew the government by force
D) told the people the truth about his opponent

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
The forest from which Man takes his timber is the tallest and most impressive plant community on Earth. In terms of Man's brief life it appears permanent and unchanging, save for the seasonal growth and fall of the leaves, but to forester it represents the climax of a long succession of events. No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of Earth's surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive. However, as soon as climatic conditions change in favour of plant life, a fascinating sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession.

First to colonize the barren land are the lowly lichens, surviving on bare rock.

Slowly, the acids produced by these organisms crack the rock surface, plant debris accumulates, and mosses establish a shallow root?hold. Ferns may follow and, with short grasses and shrubs, gradually form a covering of plant life. Roots probe even deeper into the developing soil and eventually large shrubs give way to the first trees. These grow rapidly, cutting off sunlight from the smaller plants, and soon establish complete domination—closing their ranks and forming a climax community which may endure for thousands of years.

Yet even this community is not everlasting. Fire may destroy it outright and settlers may cut it down to gain land for pasture or cultivation. If the land is then abandoned, a secondary succession will take over, developing much faster on the more hospitable soil. Shrubs and trees are among the early invaders, their seeds carried by the wind, by birds and lodged in the coats of mammals.For as long as it stands and thrives, the forest is a vast machine, storing energy and many elements essential for life.

26.What does the forest strike mankind as permanent?
A) The trees are in community.
B) The forest is renewed each season.
C) Man's life is short in comparison.
D) It is an essential part our lives.

27.What has sometimes caused plants to die out of the past?
A) Interference from foresters.
B) Variations in climate.
C) The absence of wooded land.
D) The introduction of new type of plants.

28.In a “primary succession', what makes it possible for mosses to take root?
A) The type of rock.
B) The amount of sunlight.
C) The amount of moisture.
D) The effect of lichens.

29.What conditions are needed for shrubs to become established?
A) Ferns must take root.
B) The ground must be covered with grass.
C) More soil must accumulate.
D) Smaller plants must die out.

30.Why is a “secondary succession” quicker?
A) The ground is more suitable.
B) There is more space for new plants.
B) Birds and animals bring new seeds.
D) It is supported by the forest.

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Grandma Moses is among the most celebrated twentieth century painters of the United States, yet she had barely started painting before she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself: “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive age.

She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls.(“We came in bunches, like radishes.”) At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until, at twenty seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only switched to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon spotted by a dealer who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930's and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals of the rural life she had known for so long, with a marvelous sense of color and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.”she said.

1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A) Grandma Moses: A Biographical Sketch
B) The Children of Grandma Moses
C) Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition
D) Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists

32.According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ____.
A) decorate her home
B) keep active
C) improve her salary
D) gain an international reputation

33.From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ____.
A) independent B) pretty
C) wealthy D) timid

34.Grandma Moses spent most of her life ____.
A) nursing B) painting
C) embroidering D) farming

35.In line 14, the word “spotted” could best be replaced by ____.
A) speckled B) featured
C) noticed D) damaged

参考答案见下页~

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参考答案

短文1大意
本文主要论述了人类斗争方式和野兽斗争方式的相同和异同之处。人类以法律、政治为主要斗争方式而动物则采用力量型的斗争方式。在人类的斗争方式 当中又有智慧型和力量型两种——“文斗”与“武斗”。一旦文斗失败，则会采取武斗。出于政治目的，一个成功的领导人就要学会欺骗与说谎。

21. 答 案D。【参考译文】本文作者并不认为王子们属于人这一类。【试题分析】本题考察对作者意图的理解。【详细解答】因为作者认为 by law是人类所用的斗争方式;by force是动物采用的斗争方式。而这些王子们只会the method of fighting by force，故D)是正确答案。
22. 答 案C。【参考译文】狮子代表那些力量型的人。【试题分析】本题考察学生对明喻和隐喻的理解能力。【详细解答】在这篇文章的第二段的开头，在狮子与狐狸之间有一个鲜明的对比，狮子不能躲过陷阱，而狐狸逃脱不了被狼袭击的命运，故我们能看出狮子是靠自己的力量。
23. 答 案A。【参考译文】在本文中，狐狸的狡猾受到称赞。【试题分析】本题考察对作者的意图的理解能力。【详细解答】第二段的开头，作者也提到了狐狸能躲过陷阱和圈套，故狐狸在这篇文章中因为有计谋而受到称赞。
24. 答 案B。【参考译文】作者提出，一个成功的领导人必须学会欺骗和说谎。【试题分析】本题为推理判断题，需从上下文的含义中找答案。【详细解答】从这篇文章的第二段的后半部分我们能够推断出 B)乃此题之答 案。因为一个成功的领导人必须具备两手：欺骗与说谎。
25. 答 案C。【参考译文】作者会赞成一个不成功的政治候选人会用武力推翻政府。【试题分析】本题为推理判断题，需根据作者意图去推断出答案。【详细解答】从这篇文章的主题来看，是“文斗”或是“武斗”，对一个落选的政治家来说，文斗已经失败，而只能退而求其次，采取 the struggling method by force也就是要推翻政府，故选C)。

短文2大意
本文主要叙述人与自然的生态关系，地球上的森林是经过千百万年演变而存活下来的人类生态环境。那些我们今天所看到的光秃秃的大地过去曾是茂密的 森林。植物的生长与气候密切相关，一旦气候变得恶劣，植物便会灭绝。如果人类一味地乱砍乱伐，垦田开荒，那么地球上的生态环境就会遭到破坏，生物链就要发生改变。

26. 答 案C。【参考译文】森林对人类的冲击在什么方面是永久性的 ?【试题分析】本题为一般理解题，需要在字里行间找答 案。【详细解答】在这篇文章的第一段的第二句话，可以找到 C)是正确答 案。
27. 答 案B。【参考译文】有时候是什么造成从前的植物灭绝 ?【试题分析】本题考察对上下文的理解，需从字里行间找答 案。
【解答要领】第二段中，作者提到了气候是植物生长的基本条件，而气候一旦变得恶劣，植物可能会灭绝。
28. 答 案D。【参考译文】在“初级演”中，什么使苔藓生根成为可能 ?【试题分析】本题为一般阅读理解题，需从段落的字里行间中找答案。【详细解答】第三段的第二句话中，作者提到了首先能在岩石上生存的植物是 lichen(地衣)，然后在地衣生长之后，由于地衣的影响才能使moss(苔藓))的生长成为可能。
29. 答 案C。【参考译文】灌木稳固生长需要什么条件 ?【试题分析】同上。
【解答要领】在第三段的中间，只有在长过苔藓之后草木和 shrub(灌木)才能生长，因为已经固定相当一部分土壤，有利于植物生长，故选C)。
30. 答 案A。【参考译文】为什么“第二次演替”较快 ?【试题分析】同上。【详细解答】从第四段的中间，我们可以看出，根本的原因乃是土壤较为适宜。

短文3大意
本文主要描述了 Grandma Moses的简略自传和她的艺术生涯。她一生劳作，同时又把画画作为自己的第二生命，其目的是为了使自己保持活力，培养情趣，促进健康。她这种锲而不舍的精神带来了意想不到的艺术效果。

31. 答 案A。【参考译文】本文的最佳标题是什么 ?【试题分析】本题考察学生对整篇文章的综合概括能力。【详细解答】整篇文章都是关于 Grandma Moses简略的自传和她的艺术生涯，故应选 A项作本篇文章的标题。
32. 答 案B。【参考译文】根据短文所述， Grandma Moses开始学画画是因为她想保持活力。【试题分析】本题为一般推理题，需要从字里行间找答 案。【详细解答】在这篇文章的第一段中，曾经引用她的一句话：“ I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.”所以她画画的目的是为让自己多活动，而非其它原因。
33. 答 案A。【参考译文】从第一段 Grandma Moses的自述中可以推断出她具有独立性。【试题分析】本题为判断分析题，需要根据关键词语进行推断。【详细解答】在第一段中的那句话，可以看出来，她有 very strong sense of independence.故选A)。
34. 答 案D。【参考译文】 Grandma Moses把大部分时间花在耕作上。【试题分析】本题为一般理解题，只要仔细阅读，很容易从字里行间找到答 案。【详细解答】在第二段中间一句话“… They farmed almost of their lives…”，可以看出她一生中大部分时间用于farming。
35. 答 案C。【参考译文】文章第十七行中的单词“ spotted”的最佳替代词是什么?【试题分析】此题为语义测试题。【详细解答】根据上下文可以看出她的作品被那个商人发现并注意到她的艺术价值，故选 C)。

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