托福考题重复率分析!考情回顾全解读，考题重复率竟如此大
托福考试题目重复率有多大?托福考试旧题对我们的复习有多重要?下面小编就给大家分享一下!
托福考题重复率分析!考情回顾全解读，考题重复率竟如此大
阅 读
1. Parental Care by Frogs重复2016.11.13, 2017.10.29, 2018.06.30
文章主要讲了 10%的青蛙有常见 4 种 parental care 的方式(其中最常见的是 attend eggs)， 以及这些如何能够帮助提高幼蛙的 survivorship。有时也会使 parents 更容易被捕食者吃掉。
2. The Arrival of Humans in the Americas重复2016.03.19, 2017.11.26, 2018.09.16
主要讲以前生活在 Asia(现在是 Alaska)的人怎么到达北美的，最开始认为是通过 Beringia。提出了 3 个理论，前两个是讲有 2 great ice sheets, 一个是 Cordilleran, 另一个是 Lauratide ; 第三个理论是coastal routine。前 2 个都是会形成 ice free corridor, 便于通行;但是地质证据显示那时的整体条件(冰川融化等)会难通过。最后一个理论比较靠谱。
3. Accounting for the high density of planet Mercury重复 2018.03.24
文章关于水星的密度，给了一个剖面图。主要就是展示水星和其他类地行星的不同，它的 core 是非常大的，总量占到体积的 60%，所以 diameter 也很大。而且它的 mantle 是 static 的，和地球等流动的 mantle 不一样。上面有不少 iron 和 silicate 的化合物，这些物质在特定条件下会聚合、反应成铁化合物，然后陷入到 core 当中。水星上也有微弱的磁场，以上种.种，使得它的密度非常大。
4. 洛杉矶的公路发展(car suburb area)
5. Art and Culture of Pacific Northwest Communities美国土著人的图腾柱与面具制作工艺和它们的图案的含义。
6. The Kingdom of Meroe新题
7.早期的电影发展史
词汇题
Art and Culture of Pacific Northwest Communities重复2012.07.22, 2013.01.27, 2015.03.07
Diffusion=spread
Autonomous = independent
Obligated = required
Accounting for the High Density of Planet Mercury重复 2018.03.24
Generation = production
Acceleration = speeding
up Predominantly = mostly
Particularly = especially
Parental Care by Frogs重复2016.11.13, 2017.10.29, 2018.06.30
Potential = possible
Harsh = severe
Appreciably = significantly
The Arrival of Humans in the Americas重复2016.03.19, 2017.11.26, 2018.09.16
Ardent = enthusiastic
Backing up = supporting
Distinctive = characteristic Scanty = few
The Kingdom of Meroe (首考新题)
Intensive = extreme
Exploit = make use of Adopt = take to use Proximity = nearness
听 力
1. 学生咨询一个在日本的实习，因为这个内容对她找工作和职业发展有帮助。老师问了她的专业，建议她要去学 sociology，因为可以研究人们从不同国家工作和学习的情况。同时告诉学生这个实习没有academic credit，所以她要上一个 intensive course, 学生觉得内容有点多但也同意了。
2. 学生 creative writing 上节课没有来，老师已经分下去一个 writing 的任务，他和另外一个没来的学生一组。要写一个 story of letters. 他以前读的 Henry Adam 的书，教授说这种形式不行。接着他说想写一个 email 为主体的故事，教授说他以前读过类似的，但是要特别注意不要写成只是词语的往复。教授举了一个 message on fridge 的例子，是一对母女用这样的方式交流，它有力地 express 了自己的内容。
建议女生参加一个photograph contest，她之前拍的教授很喜欢。
4. 男生想购买shuttle card，问这个卡的申请方法
Lecture
1. 老师介绍了一种和 Tyrannosaurus 同时期的恐龙(HP)，和它们同期还有两种其他恐龙，暴龙以它们为食。但是 HP 长得很大行动慢，而且还没有保护自己的角或者刺。所以 HP 有两种方法 survive， 第一生长速度比暴龙快，所以它的体积更大，暴龙不敢攻击比自身大太多的恐龙;第二，繁殖maturity 更早，所以它能更早繁殖，从而生存下来。而另外两种同期恐龙没有这样的adaptation。
2. 以前的 tragedy 都讲的是王公贵族，而他的小说第一个写了普通人的悲剧。在小说里他特别提到了hardworking 这个品质，因为当时资产阶级开始产生，宣扬人们要努力工作。同时他的小说也抒发了真实 emotion，特别是 crying，甚至在舞台上表演 crying，特别能够引起观众的共鸣。
3. 科学家发现了object permanent，即就算没有看见物体也知道它的存在。科学家在小婴儿身上做了实验，发现科学家把婴儿之前能看到的物体用毯子盖住然后拿走，婴儿会对没有物体的地方盯得更久， 这个“盯得更久”能够反映大脑的活动。同时它们做了helper-hinder 的实验，圆形往坡上滚，方形帮助，三角形阻碍，婴儿盯着方形更久，说明他们能够分清good和mean。之后又做了一个实验， 用了helper-hinder 的木偶，大多数得婴儿要抓住 helper 的木偶，证实了前面的观点。婴儿对好坏有一个 basic 的认识。
4. 科学家一直找寻太空生物的证据，关键液态水的存在。发现有的星球都是rocky desert，所以太冷水都冻住;有的太热，水则蒸发。还有的星球因为重力不足，虽然温度够了有水但是不能留在表面。
另外一种情况是自转速度太慢，导致一面长时间无日照而另一面长时间有日照，都不符合生物的迹象。后面又提到red dwarf star 。
5. 第一次migration是否成功，evidence证明，有人质疑，教授也不相信。
6. 动物叫声的含义，monkey的叫声，狗的叫声，3 个不同叫声。还有一个实验，提到了控制变量法。
7. 为什么mercury被探测的很晚。讲了 2 种探测仪器：第二个比第一个好。
8. photography 的历史，一开始它不被接受。描述了一幅画combine了photograph和painting.
9. 讨论美国政府的管理体系，联邦政府和state政府同时管理，导致处理时间长等，还与其他拥有相似体系的国家做了对比。
10. 艺术的影响，讲了中国的漆器有两种，一种是雕刻的，一种在上面涂颜料还是金粉什么的装饰品，然后传到日本，日本人用金银弄得特别好看。
11. 讲science history，讲化学对艺术有一定的影响，讲了一个陶器的制作，铜器，还有一个埃及的什么的，还有一个玻璃器。
12. 工业设计，讨论了textile。
13. 生物学，说了三个细胞的名字以及它们的作用的。
口 语
Task 1
There are some school fund raising events as follow, which one would you like to attend?
· Training in sport teams
· Work behind a popular TV show
· Working for national government office Please include details and examples in your response
Task 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Being polite is more important thanbeing truthful. Explain why.
Task 3
More orchestra concerts
原因 1：No enough seats and tickets
原因 2：Musicians will have more opportunities to rehearse and expose themselves to audiences。
态度：Disagree.
原 因 1：Rehearsals take time, especially for those complex materials, sometimes musicians have to practice solo besides the whole piece of work.
原 因 2：The old concert hall is now reconstructing, so the concert is arranged at auditorium temporarily. After the reservation there will be enough space for a large number of audiences.
Task4
Product placement
定 义 ：It is an advertising strategy that instead of doing ads directly, companies find a positive character in entertaining program like movies or TV shows to use their products and make it desirable.
听力
例子：A shoes company found a movie at planning stage which tells a story about the difficulties that a basketball team has been through to win a champion. And they invested thismovie in exchange the star player would wear their sneakers with obvious brand name on movie ended up popular later and they sold numerous sneakers.
Task5
The man has a problem that he has to attend a psychology conference in another city but it is too lateto apply for school funding.
解决方案 1：Attend the conference
优点 1：He could do the presentation there, talk to professors and get some useful tips forfuture job.
缺点 1：Even though he could stay at his friend’s house, the plane ticket is expensive enough.
解决方案 2：Don’t attend
优点 2：He could do the presentation in video and save the expense to travel to Mexico
缺点 2：He couldn’t talk to professors
Task6
How flightless birds could use their wings
要 点 1：For swimming
例 子 1： Penguins spend most of their time in water, and their wings evolve to be flat, thin and wide, which is much helpful for them to swim and forage for food.
要点 2：Keep balance
例子 2：Flightless birds like ostriches would have to run fast when predators come after them.
And they could spread out their wings to run steady, prevent falling down to be an easy mealfor predators.
写 作
综合写作
独立写作
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
For success in school and work, the ability to adapt or adjust to a changing condition orcircumstance is more important than having excellent knowledge of a job or in a field of study.
Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
据统计，在去年的托福阅读考试共考查了224篇文章中(含加试)
旧题数共为169道，新题数为28道，旧题整体占比高达90%，年内重复情况也很频繁，有的甚至一周内还会再次重复。
不但如此，在最新一场05月19日的托福考试中综合写作也是完全旧题重复，可见旧题题源对于考生的价值依旧拥有十分高的含金量。
最易在托福阅读中重复出现的题材
1. 树叶为何变颜色
2. 瑞典诺贝尔文学评委会
3. 民众抗命 Civil Disobedience
4. 陨石坑 Craters
5. 英法战争
6. 车票打孔与计算机雏形
7. 地衣 LICHEN
8. 路易斯安娜洲购买后的皮毛买卖
9. 同步通讯卫星
10. 聊天对于南方女作家的社会影响
11. 睡眠
12. 人物(女)Amelia 和Muriel的男性化成长
13. 塑料
14. 芝加哥
15. 人物(男)雕塑家Frederic Remington
16. 动物身上为何不生出轮子
17. 树的生存方式
18. 摩天大楼—美国的特征
19. 加洲北水南调工程
20. 蜜蜂意识测试
21. Navajo人的起源
22. 为美国护士教育的抗争
23. 人物(女)建筑师Julia Morgan
24. 沼泽中的动物
25. 供求与市场价格
26. 增重的可能因素
27. 单间教室的好处
28. 小麦与人类文明
29. 铁路电报的发展
30. 美国殖民期间的建筑风格与材料
31. 卫星的内外结构和动力
32. 玩耍的起源和意义
33. 1800’s 毯子的风格
34. Anasazi印第安人
35. 大气中的水
36. 一战对美国的影响
37. 蜂的社会结构
38. 第五大街291号画廊和画家(女)Georgia O’Keeffe的抽象风格
39. 美洲鳄鱼交配后
40. 人物(女)摄影家Barbara Kasten 的技法
41. 国家冰河公园周围的土地保护
42. 乳化过程 EMUSIFY
43. 美国独立史
44. 人物(女)作家Carson Mccullers
45. 作物水喷洒计
46. 价格体系的解释
47. 干酪阻碍牙齿损坏
48. 偏见
49. 星的亮度
50. 回声
51. 华盛顿DC的建立
52. 莺科鸣禽对树上食物的划分
53. 婴儿的大脑成熟和感情发育
54. 人物(女)作家Ellen Glasgow笔下的南方复兴
55. 牛仔的服装和用具
56. 食物网
57. 社会功能良性运转中的一个时间量度
58. 地球板块
59. 神迹剧Oratorio
60. 购买Louisiana
61. 听力测试法
62. 动物: 濑鱼Wrasse
63. 纽约作为商业中心的兴起
64. 民谣的形式
65. 铝
66. 植树节Arbor Day
67. 牛胃
68. 作家Sinclair Lewis的作品main Street
69. 植物的根
70. 科学家对自然现象解释的不同方法(病理学Pathological和生理学Physiology)
托福阅读真题1
The term art deco has come to encompass three distinct but related design trends of the 1920's and 1930's. The first was what is frequently referred to as zigzag moderne — the exotically ornamental style of such skyscrapers as the Chrysler Building in New York City and related structures such as the Paramount Theater in Oakland, California. The word zigzag alludes to the geometric and stylized ornamentation of zigzags, angular patterns, abstracted plant and animal motifs, sunbursts, astrological imagery, formalized fountains, and related themes that were applied in mosaic relief, and mural form to the exterior and interior of the buildings. Many of these buildings were shaped in the ziggurat form, a design resembling an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower that recedes in progressively smaller stages to the summit, creating a staircase-like effect. The second manifestation of art deco was the 1930's streamlined moderne style — a Futuristic-looking aerodynamic style of rounded corners and horizontal bands known as speed stripes. In architecture, these elements were frequently accompanied by round windows, extensive use of glass block, and flat rooftops.
The third style, referred to as either International stripped classicism, or simply classical moderne, also came to the forefront during the Depression, a period of severe economic difficult in the 1930's. This was a more conservative style, blending a simplified modernistic style with a more austere form of geometric and stylized relief sculpture and other ornament, including interior murals. Many buildings in this style were erected nationwide through government programs during the Depression.
Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly modern, it was strongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that immediately preceded it. For example, like art nouveau (1890-1910), art deco also used plant motifs, but regularized the forms into abstracted repetitive patterns rather than presenting them as flowing, asymmetrical foliage, like the Viennese craftspeople of the Wiener Werkstatte, art deco designers worked with exotic materials, geometricized shapes, and colorfully ornate patterns. Furthermore, like the artisans of the Arts and Crafts Movement in England and the United States, art deco practitioners considered it their mission to transform the domestic environment through well-designed furniture and household accessories.
1. What aspect of art deco does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The influence of art deco on the design of furniture and household accessories
(B) Ways in which government programs encouraged the development of art deco
(C) Architectural manifestations of art deco during the 1920's and 1930's
(D) Reasons for the popularity of art deco in New York and California
2. The word encompass in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) separate
(B) include
(C) replace
(D) enhance
3. The phrase The first in line 2 refers to
(A) the term art deco
(B) design trends
(C) the 1920's and 1930's
(D) skyscrapers
4. In line 9, the author mentions an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower in order to
(A) describe the exterior shape of certain art deco buildings
(B) explain the differences between ancient and modern architectural steles
(C) emphasize the extent of architectural advances
(D) argue for a return to more traditional architectural design
5. The streamlined moderne style is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
(A) animal motifs
(B) flat roofs
(C) round windows
(D) speed stripes
6. The phrase came to the forefront in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) grew in complexity
(B) went through a process
(C) changed its approach
(D) became important
7. According to the passage , which of the following statements most accurately describes the
relationship between art deco and art nouveau?
(A) They were art forms that competed with each other for government support during the
Depression era.
(B) They were essentially the same art form.
(C) Art nouveau preceded art deco and influenced it.
(D) Art deco became important in the United States while art nouveau became popular in
England.
8. According to the passage , a building having an especially ornate appearance would most
probably have been designed in the style of
(A) zigzag moderne
(B) streamlined moderne
(C) classical moderne
(D) the Arts and Crafts Movement
9. According to the passage , which of the following design trends is known by more than one
name?
(A) Zigzag moderne
(B) Streamlined moderne
(C) International stripped classicism
(D) Arts and Crafts Movement
10. The passage is primarily developed as
(A) the historical chronology of a movement
(B) a description of specific buildings that became famous for their unusual beauty
(C) an analysis of various trends within an artistic movement
(D) an argument of the advantages of one artistic form over another
PASSAGE 91 CBBAA DCACC
托福阅读真题2
There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. The scarce fossils of the Proterozoic, mostly single-celled bacteria, provide little evidence in this regard. However, the rocks themselves do include the earliest evidence for glaciation, probably a global ice age.
The inference that some types of sedimentary rocks are the result of glacial activity is based on the principle of uniformitarianism, which posits that natural processes now at work on and within the Earth operated in the same manner in the distant past. The deposits associated with present-day glaciers have been well studied, and some of their characteristics are quite distinctive. In 2.3-billion-year-old rocks in Canada near Lake Huron (dating from the early part of the Proterozoic age), there are thin laminae of fine-grained sediments that resemble varves, the annual layers of sediment deposited in glacial lakes. Typically, present-day varves show two-layered annual cycle, one layer corresponding to the rapid ice melting and sediment transport of the summer season, and the other, finer-grained, layer corresponding to slower winter deposition. Although it is not easy to discern such details in the Proterozoic examples, they are almost certainly glacial varves. These fine-grained, layered sediments even contain occasional large pebbles or dropstones, a characteristic feature of glacial environments where coarse material is sometimes carried on floating ice and dropped far from its source, into otherwise very fine grained sediment. Glacial sediments of about the same age as those in Canada have been found in other parts of North America and in Africa, India, and Europe. This indicates that the glaciation was global, and that for a period of time in the early Proterozoic the Earth was gripped in an ice age.
Following the early Proterozoic glaciation, however, the climate appears to have been fairly benign for a very long time. There is no evidence for glaciation for the next 1.5 billion years or so. Then, suddenly, the rock record indicates a series of glacial episodes between about 850 and 600 million year ago, near the end of the Proterozoic eon.
1. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How patterns in rock layers have been used to construct theories about the climate of the
Proterozoic age
(B) What some rare fossils indicate about glacial conditions during the late Proterozoic age
(C) The varying characteristics of Proterozoic glacial varves in different parts of the world
(D) The number of glacial episodes that the Earth has experienced since the Proterozoic age
2. According to the passage , the fossil record of the Proterozoic eon is
(A) highly regarded because it preserves the remains of many kinds of organisms
(B) less informative than the fossil record of more recent periods
(C) very difficult to interpret due to damage from bacteria
(D) more useful to researchers than otheraspects of the rock record
3. The word scarce in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) ancient
(B) tiny
(C) available
(D) rare
4. It can be inferred from the passage that the principle of uniformitarianism indicates that
(A) similar conditions produce similar rock formations
(B) rock layers in a given region remain undisturbed over time
(C) different kinds of sedimentary rocks may have similar origins
(D) each continent has its own distinctive pattern of sediment layers
5. The word resemble in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) result from
(B) penetrate
(C) look like
(D) replace have similar origins
6. According to the passage , the layers in varves are primarily formed by
(A) fossilized bacteria
(B) pieces of ancient dropstones
(C) a combination of ancient and recent sediments
(D) annual cycles of sediment transport and deposition
7. The phrase the other in line 17 refers to another
(A) annual cycle
(B) glacial lake
(C) layer of sediment
(D) season
8. According to the passage , the presence of dropstones indicates that
(A) the glacial environment has been unusually servere
(B) the fine-grained sediment has built up very slowly
(C) there has been a global ice age
(D) coarse rock material has been carried great distances
9. Why does the author mention Canada, North America, Africa, India, and Europe in lines 23-24?
(A) To demonstrate the global spread of dropstones
(B) To explain the principles of varve formation
(C) To provide evidence for the theory that there was a global ice age in the early Proterozoic eon
(D) To illustrate the varied climatic changes of the Proterozoic eon in different parts of the globe
10. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) fossil record (line 3)
(B) laminae (line 13)
(C) varves (line14)
(D) glacial episodes (line 28)
PASSAGE 92 ABDAC DCCCC
