如何听懂大学英语六级听力题目
大学英语六级听力考试的一项重要的改革就是在原来的基础上增加了长对话题目的测试。长对话题目的设置符合四、六级改革的目标方向，旨在考查考生在实际的日常环境中运用语言的能力。长对话共设两篇，每篇后设有3 — 4 个题目，共7 题，对话的长度约为7 — 10 个循环，每篇对话的长度为200 — 300 词。长对话的录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速约为每分钟150词，难度与短文听力相似。每个题目提问完毕之后到下一个题目开始之前，有13秒的时间间隔供考生迅速作出正确答案的选择。
1、如何听懂?(Roger that !so much for it !)
① 注意英音、美音：
a、元音的问题：class 英音/a/;美音/ae/
b、辅音的问题：辅音浊化——开音节：元+辅+元，清→浊matter 英音/t/;美音/d/
eg：What’s the matter with you?
c、儿化音的问题：first 英音/fɜrst/;美音/fɜːst/
② 注意连读：
a、辅音结尾+元音开头：as it is
b、辅音结尾+辅音开头：(第二个辅音发音)big girl
③ 注意语音、语调：
eg：M：Mary ,you know what ?Only one person in the class got an A on the test, you.
W：Alright !(=great !)
eg：W：To even say I love you !
M：You! I love you so much! (=I hate you !)
2、该听什么?
① 小词：do /come /make /take /pick /catch /beat 等常用动词
eg：It’s so hot !I can’t stand(忍受) it .(“小词”——stand ;take ;“大词”——tolerate ;endure )
eg：Beat it !(=快躲;快闪)Beat around the bush (=pointless 拐弯抹角;空泛其谈)Beat the crowd (=避开人群)
eg：W：Come on ，let’s take a brake .
M：Good idea，I’m beat .(=精疲力竭的)
=I’m really exhausted.
=I’m just running out of my steam.
Beat：大于、多于、超过、胜出……
※ 尽量多的掌握单词和短语的含义!
② 短语：turn down(=关小，降低，拒绝)
eg：Cecia ,turn down the music ,will you ?(=关小，降低)
Bob, turn down the job.(=refuse 拒绝)
Pick up (=捡起，接人，购买，领/取/拿，学会)
3、怎么去听?
① 听场景：(图书馆自习、考试、做作业、抄作业、购物、锻炼……)
△ campus life 校园场景是听力对话的最大场景!
② 听规律：
a、买票一定被售空 b、足球赛一定很精彩 c、男生不爱古典音乐 d、出去野炊一定下雨
e、等人一定等不到 f、借钱借车总不给借
eg：W：I need one hundRed dollars badly . But you know, I don’t know where to get it.
M：If I had money in spare ,you know ,I’ll be happy to lend it to you .
§老师跟学生：老师对学生要求很严(考试难、作业多难、迟到受批评)
§男生和女生：Ⅰ.女生各方面表现都很优秀(考试成绩好、身体很好、周末兼职、对社会事宜狂热……)
Ⅱ.男生各项都不如女生(成绩不好、身体不好、受伤、生病、宿舍很脏……)
㈡、小对话的十种题型
1、数字价格运算题：
① 十几和几十的发音： eg：fourteen /forty
② 注意大数字： eg：six hundred and eighty seven million ,four hundred and nine thousand ,two hundred and thirty four = 687,409,234
③ 打折问题： eg：discount 打折;on sale 促销;20 percent off 打八折;clearance 清仓;rebate让利、返券
2、时间加减运算题：
① 星期的说法： Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday /Sunday /week
② 超前/准时/推迟： in advance /ahead of time 提前;be on time / on schedule 准时;be late /postpone /delay /put off 推迟
3、对话场景题：
☆ 详见下一节
4、人物身份题：
eg：What is the speaker’s occupation ?(teacher /student ……)
5、人物关系题：
eg：What is the relationship between the two speakers ?(teacher and student /customer and waiter /waitress ……)
6、人物意图题：
eg：M：How about dinner out tonight ?How about our Chinatown?
W：Ok !But, they don’t have good seafood.
※ But 后面往往为正确答案!
7、中心思想题：
eg：M：It’s funny ,it seems that you Americans are married to(嫁给)your cars .
W：Yep ,apparently most America families have two or three or more cars ,and air condition is becoming more and more serious ,and our nation is becoming a big highway .
Q：What are they talking about ?
Key：Americans and their dependence on cars . △ 迅速纵看选项
※ 如果所有选项都为名词或名词性的表达时，那么此题很可能是中心思想题!(此时重点听第一个人说的话)
8、体育锻炼减肥题：
eg：keep fit 保持健康;lose weight 减肥;gain/put on weight 反弹;heavy 肥胖;overweight 超重;be on diet 节食;Cycling 竟技单车;Tour de France 环法;jogging 慢跑;hiking 郊游远足;trekking 冒险远足;camping 露营;camper 露营者/野营车;surfing 冲浪;ex-games 极限运动;roller skating 滚轴溜冰;skateboarding 滑板运动;skiing 滑雪运动;bungee jumping 蹦极跳;bowling 打保龄球;Golf 高尔夫
9、细节混淆题：
△ 仔细记忆
10、意义解释题：(俗语;惯用语;口头语)
eg：W：Which one do you think is more difficult to learn ,chess or bridge ?
M：They are just like apples and orange .
㈢、听力场景与规律
※ campus life 校园场景是听力对话的最大场景!
(愚蠢的)
1、老师和学生场景：
eg：freshman 大一学生;sophomore 大二学生;junior 大三学生/儿子;senior 大四学生;
(智慧的)
(A little bit wise, a little bit stupid.)
undergraduate student 本科生;postgraduate student 研究生;Ph .D student 博士生;professor 教授;tutor /mentor 导师;private tutor 家庭教师;dean 系主任;headmaster /principal 中小学校长;president 大学校长;staff /faculty 教职工;alumni / alumnus校友/校友们;
2、选课和交作业场景：
eg：schedule card 选课卡;I’m going to take this course .(选课);I want to register for this course .(注册课程);sign up for the course 选课;It’s too much for me to handle it .于我来说太难了;I’m going to drop this course .(退课);requirement 必修课;selective 选修课;elective 选修课;optional course 选修课;credit 学分;introductory course 基础课;advanced course 高级课;do the homework 做作业;project 家庭作业;assignment 家庭作业;essay (小)论文;thesis 毕业论文;dessertation 博士论文;term paper 学期报告;reading list 阅读材料/书单;
eg :W：How do you like Professor Bockman’s course on the History of Philosophy (哲学历史学) ? He is a distinguished scholar (卓越的学者;权威人士)on that subject.
M：He is a great teacher ,but I’m having a hard time with the reading list .I think I can never finish it .
3、考试场景：
eg：At the end of semester, you should take an exam(参加考试) 小型考试;mid-term exam 期中考试;finals 期末考试;
eg：(2003,1)W：Oh God !I’m afraid I’ll fail again in the national test ’s the third time I took it.
M：Don’t be too upset .I have the same fate ’s try a fourth time .
4、学费和奖学金场景：
eg：tuition 学费;fee 学杂费;scholarship 奖学金;fellowship 奖学金;loan 贷款;financial aid 财政资助;
5、打零工场景：
eg：Teaching Assistant 助教;Reseaching Assistant 助研;dish washer 刷盘工;waiter/waitress 服务员;
6、餐馆场景：
eg：restaurant 餐馆;cafeteria 校园食堂;snack food 快餐;snack bar 快餐店;Pizza Hut 必胜客;steak 牛排;dessert 甜点;fried egg 煎蛋;sunny side up 单面煎蛋;sunny side down 双面煎蛋;Kongpao Chicken 宫保鸡丁;soft drink 饮料;tip 小费;keep the change 结账; go Dutch AA制;sperate the cheques AA制;split the bill AA制;Let me treat you /It’s my treat 请客;Don’t worry ,it’s on me .请客;I will pay /foot the bill .请客;
eg：M：Come on ,let’s split the bill .
W：Sperate the cheques .
7、图书馆场景：
eg：stack 书库;shelf 书架;check out 借书;librarian 图书管理员;library card 图书卡;circulation desk 流通台;put on reserve 馆内收藏;reference book 参考书;magazine /journal periodical 杂志;I’m going to subscribe the engineering quarterly . (季刊);
eg：This book has been put on reserve by h out his permission ,we can not let it out .
eg：M：I’m sorry I lost your magazine .
W：It’s ok ,it’s just a back number .(过期杂志)
current issue 现刊;latest issue 最新期刊;overdue 图书超期;misplaced 放错位置;
㈣、复合式听写compound dictation (复合式听写)
1、介绍：7 + 3题型：
7个短空格 + 3个长空格 = 单词 + 短语
2、听写四步骤：看、猜、听、记
① 看： scan (浏览、略读)，注意topic sentence (第一句话)
② 猜： “三前三后”原则
a、听前听后 b、看前看后 c、空前空后
③ 听：
④ 记： “速记”原则
a、长难单词简缩法：eg：difficult = dif environment = env
b、符号助记法：eg：question = ? about = ≈ about one kilogram = ≈ 1 kg
c、奇偶填空法：eg：首先记第1、3、5、7、9，然后记2、4、6、8、10
eg：(1999,6)President Clinton later today joins (1) president Ford ,Garter and Bush at “the president’s summit for America’s future ” (2) at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school ,weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children ton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (3) dollars to fund a five-year program called “America Reads ”.
The program would fund the (4) efforts of 20 thousand reading (5) and it would also give (6) to help parents help children read by the third grade ,or about age eight ng his Saturday radio (7) ,the president explained why the program is important : “We need ‘America Reads ’and we need it now ies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well .
(8) But 40 percent of them still can’t read at a basic level .”
Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring program.
(9)The president says many of the Philadelphia summit’s corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (10)
猜：(1)以前 = ex-president ;ex-girlfriend ;former ;
(2)动词 = V-ed
(3)量词 = 个、十、百、千、万、亿……
(4)名词 =
(5)人/人名 =
(6)名词 = (△ 名词单复数)eg：experience 经验;experiences 经历
(7)演讲、演说 = speech ;lecture ;presentation ;address
原文：President Clinton later today joins former president Ford ,Garter and Bush at “the president’s summit for America’s future ” aimed at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school ,weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children ton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three billion dollars to fund a five-year program called “America Reads ”.
The program would fund the coordination (合作，协作) efforts of 20 thousand reading specialists (专家) and it would also give grants (基金) to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight ng his Saturday radio address , the president explained why the program is important: “We need ‘America Reads ’and we need it now ies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well.
They’re likely to (= may) drop out of school and less likely to (= may not) succeed in life. But 40 percent of them still can’t read at a basic level.”
Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring program.
The program, initiated (= start /set up) by President Clinton, has come under criticism by Congress.
The president says many of the Philadelphia summit’s corporate sponsors will recruit tutors.
Dozens of colleges and universities are prepared to send thousands of their students in support of (= to support) the program (= it).
3、十大注意事项：
① 介词的问题：△ 连读!eg：in /on /of /at ……
② 代词it 的问题：
③ 冠词the、a、an 等：
☆ ④—⑩详见下一节
㈤、八类小短文
1、 题型介绍：
① 小故事题：奇闻轶事、幽默故事等
② 名人段落题：
a、常考名人范围：政治家、科学家、运动员、企业家、作家……
b、名人题考点：名人简介、历史大事与相关年代、历史地位评价
eg：Eleanor Roosevelt /Jane Adams /Benjamin Franklin /Wilt Chamberlin /Pele /Ernest Hemingway ……
③ 学校教育介绍题：美国中小学、私立学校、教会学校、美国某些大学进行的教育体制方法……
a、学校题考点：学校特征、师资生源等相关数字(△ 数字的相关信息表达)、学校独特之处及其原因
④ 特殊机构及西方文化介绍题：银行、餐厅、法庭、监狱、红十字会(Red Cross Organization )、好莱坞电影、音乐剧、芭蕾舞……
a、西方文化机构题考点：机构简介、机构的独特之处、其工作方式及其带来的便利
⑤ 日常生活题：汽车、电脑、服装、餐饮、书籍、宠物、辍学、上网、犯罪、街头文化、graffiti (涂鸦艺术)、健身运动、女权主义……
a、日常生活题考点：开篇简介、被说明物的独特之处、事物的发展趋势
⑥ 灾难危机题：环境危机、资源短缺、人口爆炸、交通堵塞、犯罪现象、社会现象(吸毒、离婚、自杀)……
a、灾难题考点：现象特点及其产生原因、灾难的危害程度、人类采取的对策
⑦ 调查研究题：
a、调查研究题考点：开篇介绍、研究过程及其原因、分析结果及其推论
⑧ 新闻段落题：
a、新闻题考点：高等语速(四级语速：90-140词/分钟;六级语速：150-190词/分钟)、特殊机构名称表达(Red Cross Organization 、Green Peace Organization 、NATO北约、Secretary Of General 联合国秘书长、BBC：British Broadcasting Company 、VOA：Voice Of America 、ABC：American Broadcasting Company 、CBS：Columbia Broadcasting System 、CNN：Cable News Network )
※ 应该注意听的内容：科技、地理、人文、历史、环保!
§ 复习计划：
Ⅰ、多做真题，少做模拟题
Ⅱ、考试一个半月内：精听为主，泛听为辅;考试一个半月前：泛听为主，精听为辅
Ⅲ、考前一周时不要留太多真题(少于两套)
Ⅳ、考前一周调理好生物钟(按表做题)
