词汇精选：presumption的用法和辨析

一、详细释义：

n.

假定，假设，推测，设想

例句：

On this presumption, she stopped at noon at a neat farm-house, to rest herself.

在这种推测下，到了正午时分，她便在一间整洁的农舍前停下来歇一歇脚。

例句：

I'm having to make a lot of presumptions since I don't really know anything about the case.

事实上我对这个案件一无所知，很多观点都只能是假设。

【律】推定，论定

例句：

There is a strong presumption in favour of the truthfulness of their statement.

有一个有力的根据足以推定他们所讲是真实的。

例句：

The same presumption of innocence goes for copyright and privacy.

同样的无罪推定适用于版权和隐私领域。

放肆，冒昧，傲慢

例句：

Please do not accuse me of presumption if I yield to this impulse of love.

请不要谴责我的放肆，如果我屈服于这爱的冲动。

例句：

They were angered by his presumption.

他们对他的放肆感到非常愤怒。

二、词义辨析：

hypothesis,assumption,presumption,supposition

这些名词均有“假设，假想”之意。hypothesis书面用词，指有待作进一步检验或证实的假设。assumption侧重主观推测或主观设想。presumption着重指以可能性为依据的假设。supposition可与assumption换用，还可表某种试探性的主观看法或建议。

三、参考例句：

The same presumption of innocence goes for copyright and privacy.

就版权和隐私问题也可以作出同样无罪的推定。

The presumption is that he had lost his way.

推想起来，他当时是迷了路。

As long as this isn't a biased presumption, OK!

只要这不是你一厢情愿的推测，那就没问题！

There is a general presumption that the doctor knows best.

一般人都以为医生最了解情况｡

There is a strong presumption in favour of the truthfulness of their statement.

有一个有力的根据足以推定他们所讲是真实的。

Any presumption that smoking is in anyway beneficial is totally preposterous.

任何对抽烟不管怎样是有益的假设都是完全荒谬的。

Please do not accuse me of presumption if I yield to this impulse of love.

请不要谴责我的放肆，如果我屈服于这爱的冲动。

You can't base an operation on the presumption that miracles are going to happen.

你不能把行动计划建筑在可能出现奇迹的假想基础上。

On this presumption, she stopped at noon at a neat farm-house, to rest herself.

在这种推测下，到了正午时分，她便在一间整洁的农舍前停下来歇一歇脚。

The presumption of guilt imposed on us was extended to others.

强加给我们的有罪假设扩展到了其他人身上。