by的用法

by有以下几种用法：1.表示“在……旁边，从……旁边”；2.到（某时候）；3.由(被)(某人干的)；4.以(某种方式)；5.乘坐(车、船等)；6.在(本性、职业)上等用法。

by的用法和例句：

1)在……旁边，从……旁边：

Come over here and stand by me．
过来站在我旁边。

He put it on the table by the window．
他把它放在窗边的那张桌子上。

He passed by me without noticing me.
他从我身旁走过，但是没看到我。

2)到（某时候）：

Perhaps she has recovered by now．
现在她或许已经痊愈了。

The sun had set by this time.
到这时太阳己经落山了。

Just be here by eight．
八点前到这里。

3)由(被)(某人干的)，主要用于被动语态：

The postman was bitten by the dog．
邮差给狗咬了。

Who is that book by?
这书是谁写的?

The play was written by a student．
这个剧本是一个学生写的。

4)以(某种方式)：

We learn to swim by swimming．
我们在游泳中学游泳。

Please let me know by telegram．
请以电报通知我。

Don’t judge a man by his clothes．
不要以衣着判断人。

5)乘坐(车、船等)：

I came by bus(subway)．
我是坐公共汽车(地铁)来的。

We are going by the 9：30 train．
我们坐九点二十的火车去。

I prefer to go by plane(boat)．
我宁愿坐飞机(船)去。

6)在(本性、职业)上：

She is generous by nature．
她天生很慷慨。

He was tolerant by temperament．
他性格很宽容。

I am not an actor by profession．
我不是职业演员。

7)by表示程度尺寸等：

Total commodity stocks grew by 4.5 per cent．
商品总库存量增长了百分之四点五。

Fares have been increased by 10％．
票价上涨了百分之十。

The room is thirty feet by twenty．
这间房长二十英尺，宽二十英尺。