英语莫斯科城市

莫斯科是俄罗斯的政治、经济、文化、金融、交通中心以及最大的综合性城市，是一座国际化大都市。 接下来，小编给大家准备了英语莫斯科城市,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

Moscow is maddening, sprawling and chaotic, still scruffy in places. And yet it is also stunningly beautiful and vibrant, rich with history, culture and art. More than a decade after the collapse of the Soviet Union(苏联<1922-1991>), Moscow has still not entirely shaken off its Soviet past. More than a few restaurants, hotels and museums seem determined to keep alive Soviet traditions of customer service, but the city is undergoing a rebirth that would have been unthinkable even a few years ago. New boutique hotels(精品旅馆) are opening, while old hotels are being renovated to European standards. Restaurants, expensive and not so expensive, offer foods from all over the world.

It would be wrong to say the city is a Phoenix rising from the ashes since it never really fell that far, despite seven decades of Soviet rule and a tumultuous transition to a quasi-capitalistic quasi-democracy. It is fair to say, though, that it is regaining its place as one of Europe's thriving, intriguing capitals.

The government is now campaigning to make Moscow a tourism capital as well, trying to ease some of the difficulties that seem intended to repel tourists. Very few signs are in any language other than Russian, though the city's handsome Metro plans to start posting station names in the Latin alphabet, as well as the Russian Cyrillic(西里尔字母). The cumbersome, expensive visa-application process requires a letter of invitation (if you're traveling on your own, a Moscow hotel can often arrange one; otherwise, tour operators can do it). Nathela O. Shengelia, director of Russia's new Department of Tourism, is lobbying to ease those rules and end the irritating tradition of charging foreigners more at museums and churches.

Moscow, in the end, is worth the petty annoyances, and fall is an ideal time to visit. The short, hot summer has ended, and the long, cold winter has not yet begun. Although the city has experienced sensational, Mafia-style crimes, it is remarkably safe and clean, especially in the center. The city's tourism Web site, , says it as only Russians can: ''As beautiful as ever, despite all crises and misfortunes!''

　　扩展：工作、薪酬词汇

personnel system 人事制度

personnel management 人事管理

office hour 办公时间

company time 工作时间

work hour 工作时间

eight-hour shift 八小时工作制

shift 轮班

morning session 上午班

evening/night shift 小/大夜班

day shift 日班

attendance book 签到本

late book 迟到本

day off 休息日

coffee break 上班中的休息时间

workday 工作日

working condition 工作环境

work permit 工作证

work overtime 加班

holiday rotation 节假日轮流值班

traveling allowance(for official trip) 差旅费

payroll 工资册

salary 薪水 (指付给一个人的固定劳动补偿)

wage 工资 (为劳动或服务所付的报酬，尤指按小时、天数、周或按工作量所付的薪酬)

salary raise 加薪

windfall 外快

annual pension 年薪

year-end bonus 年终奖

bonus 奖金

premium 红利

overtime pay 加班费

punch the clock 打卡

time recorder 打卡机

sneak out 开溜

internship 实习

on probation 试用

probation staff 试用人员

agreement of employment 聘书

evaluation of employee 员工考核

employee evaluation form 考核表

merit pay 绩效工资

dock pay 扣薪

unpaid leave 无薪假

before-tax salary 税前薪水

income tax 所得税

take-home pay/after-tax salary 税后净薪

release pay 遣散费

severance pay 解雇费

salary deduction 罚薪

casual leave 事假

sick leave 病假

“五险一金”

endowment insurance 养老保险

medical insurance 医疗保险

unemployment insurance 失业保险

employment injury insurance 工伤保险

maternity insurance 生育保险

housing fund 住房公积金