关于英语里宾语从句的用法

宾语从句，是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。同学们有没有掌握呢?如果有不懂的要抓紧哦。接下来小编在这里给大家带来宾语从句的用法，我们一起来看看吧!

　　宾语从句用法

1概念

假如一个句子作谓语动词的宾语的话，我们把这个宾语叫做宾语从句。

宾语从句的完整结构是“主句+引导词+从句”。

Eg: He said that he visit his teacher last year

2引导词

通常引导陈述句的引导词是“that”

引导一般疑问句的引导词是“if”和“whether”

引导特殊疑问句的引导词则是众多的特殊疑问代词或疑问副词, what who when 等。

Eg: He asked me if (whether) I was a teacher.

直接引语变成宾语从句

直接引语：直接引用别人说的话

间接引语：转达别人说的话

直接引语变成宾语从句，如果冒号，引号里是陈述句形式，要用“that”引导，同时从句中的人称，时态，指示代词，地点状语等都要发生相应的变化。

3人称的变化：遵循一主二宾三不变

"一主"是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。

如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go withher.

"二宾"是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称。如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then

"三不变"是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。

如：Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker

4时态变化(从句的时态向前倒一个时态)

一般现在时——一般过去时

一般过去时——现在完成时

现在进行时——过去进行时

一般将来时——过去将来时

现在完成时——过去完成时

过去完成时——过去完成时

Eg: She said. "I have lost a pen."

→She said she had lost a pen现在完成时——过去完成时

She said. "He will go to see his friend".

→She said he would go to see his friend一般将来时——过去将来时

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

1.直接引语是客观真理。(地球围着太阳公转，月亮影响潮汐)

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.

→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

2.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：

Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John

where he was going when he met him in the street。

3.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21,1980。

4.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：

He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

5.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例：could, should, would, might)不再变。如：

Peter said. "You had better come here today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

5状语变化

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由"现在"改为"原来"(例：now变为then,yesterday变为 the day before，地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由"此"改为"彼"(例：this 改为that),

如：He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his

this——that

these——those

now——then

today——that day

yesterday——the day before

yesterday morning——the morning before

the day before yesterday——two days before

tomorrow——the next/follow day

tomorrow evening——the next/follow evening

this week——that week

last week——the week before

here——there

come——go

bring——take

6变句型

1.直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will

arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

2.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven't you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" he asked.→He asked me if I went to school by busor by bike.

3.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

Eg: I don't know whom you should depend on.

4.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如："Don't make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not tomake any noise. "

Bring me a cup of tea, please," she said.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

5.直接引语如果是以"Let's"开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用"suggest "

如：He said, "Let's go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.

或: He suggested that they should go to see the film.

　　宾语从句的例句

一、十句宾语从句例句：

I think you are great.我认为你很棒。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。

I guess he is Jack.我猜他是杰克。

I know there is a supermarket near here.我知道附近有超市。

I wonder if there is a WC near here.我想知道附近有没有厕所

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道还会不会有公家车。

I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁。

The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么。

Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?

Do you know who has won this game?你知道谁赢了这一局游戏吗?

二、十个定语从句例句：

He is the man who gave me money. 他是给我钱的那个人。

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去忙。

Beijing is the place whereI was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.这是我去年去过的山村。

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我想要一间开窗可见海的房间。

Have you got the postcard(which) I sent you?你收到我寄给你的明信片了吗?

　　扩展资料

复合句(Compound Sentence)分为并列复合句和主从或从属复合句，并列复合句是有并列连词：

and、or、but连接;从属复合句由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句

(Subordinate Clause)构成。用疑问词作引导词，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在;从句则是

一个句子成分，不能独立存在。从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一

样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词(conjunction)引导。 根据引导从句功能不同，大致可分

为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。