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托福写作的格式内容有哪些要求

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为了帮助大家备考托福写作,提高写作分数,下面小编给大家带来托福写作的格式内容有哪些要求,希望对大家有所帮助!

托福写作的格式内容有哪些要求

托福写作的格式内容有哪些要求

首先由明线入手的思路可以不太讲究结构,这点的评论请看后文;然而由暗线着手的议论却必须注意结构,因为暗线采用的是和题目本身关系不大的视角,写得好是一气呵成发人深省,写得不慎重就会失之毫厘,谬之千里,走题走到天边去。

接上文,仍以题目做示范。笔者第二次拟提纲,以理暗渡,就不能像第一次一样只写论点,而得把首段,论点,甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并写出,才能避免下笔时走题。

首段:民以食为天,食物在人类生活中的重要性不可言喻,就连食物的准备方式也可能极大影响人类文化,进而影响个人生活质量(引入社会心理学,设置暗线,为全文奠定基调)以现代生活实况分析,食品速食化导致人类生活质量下降的趋向比较明显。

第一论证段:(身体健康层面)饮食文化改变,传统有益健康而消耗时间的料理方式被摈弃,垃圾食品大行其市,天人合一,顺应生理规律的文化被断绝。(注:这里因为不是从营养,而是从生物规律论述对身体的影响,所以前文所论的paradox此处可不考虑)

第二论证段:从速食流行原因论证人类行为文化改变, 高节奏的高压生活必然促使身体早衰(身体与心理健康两个层面综合)

第三论证段:(心理健康层面)行为高速化也会导致对情感的无法顾及甚至冷漠,人类情感文化变化,并且朝不利方向。

结尾(这在提纲里其实可有可无,提纲毕竟只是具体化的思路,并不是成文。依照文章具体的论证手法,内容,结尾可以个有千秋,只要把握住一条,符合全文主旨,就可以了,提纲里就算写了,很多时候也是无用功)

用题目分析到这里,文章连雏形都已经出来了,可是究竟什么是结构呢?

回到“文章是被记录下来的表达”这个原则。结构既然是写作的必须注意事项,就必然帮助表达。对于一篇议论,作者必须大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的观点,这其中牵扯着概念的重要性顺序-----用来证明全文立场的概念是论点,是最重要的概念;用来证明论点的概念是佐证,是次等重要的概念。所谓结构,最基本的用途是将文章所有用入的概念分段,一个论点与它的所有佐证为一段,不能佐证证明的是第二论点,却在第一论点的段落。-------这就是所谓的unity.

结构的第二用途仍然是帮助表达,从逻辑思路方面。好的议论能抓住人心,令人信服,首先必须让人能看懂作者的思路,让你说明在学习场所安装电视有无弊端,你却一会说电视节目的差异,一会说学生的素质如何,读者不知所云,自然不会被你说服。每个段落和论题的联系。作者本人知道并没有用,必须表现出来。说完节目差异加一句“不同节目对学生的利弊不同,不可一概而论”,讲过学生素质补充“素质差的学生群体使学习场所吵杂,安不安电视影响都不大”,将论点间,论点和论题间紧密结合起来,保证文章思路流畅,明白易懂,就是结构中过渡句的功效,使得行文达到ETS要求的progression和coherence。

具体把结构落实在IBT独立作文上,就是两点。

1.会分段。要清楚自己的行文思路,知道自己有几个论点。首段表明论点,废话不要讲。论证一段一个论点,不可以交叉。一个论段里要有论点句,其它所有句子都为论证这个点,废话不要讲。尾段总结论点共性,映证首段观点,废话不要讲……

2.会过渡。要记住必须过渡。要明白你为什么过渡-----如果这个过渡不证明论点和论题间的关系,而证明论点间的关系,要确定这个新论点也能证明论题。你的过渡不是为自己的文章过渡,而是帮读者的思维过渡,引领他们走进新的思维,所以必须确认过渡的方向,你是否正带着你的读者而离开你的论题。

从这两点观测,笔者在前文提到的明线(支持论题)贯穿的思路在拟提纲时不需要注意结构,就好解释了。因为明线的论点注定不会跑题,不用太在意过渡问题,只要分段恰当就可以了,而这点,下笔时留神就足够了。

  托福写作模板:孩子应该尽早学外语

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.

托福写作模板范文参考:

Nowadays, some may hold the opinion that children should begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school, but others have a negative attitude that learning a foreign language early will pose too much pressure on kids and will affect their mother-tongue learning. As far as I am concerned, I agree that bilingual education should start as early as possible. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.

I agree with the statement without reservation since children learn second languages quickly than adults. As we have observed, children can learn languages faster than adults; immigrant children translate for their parents. Child learners speak without a foreign accent, whereas this is impossible for adult learners. Therefore the earlier kids learn a second language, the less difficulties they would meet when they grow up and have to face a foreign language-speaking environment.

Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that bilingual education can be fun and stimulate children's learning interest. Many parents and teachers know how to teach kids a second language in an interesting way. One of my students told me that, when he was in kindergarten, every day his mum taught him a few native language characters as well as their meaning in English. As time passed, the kid became keen to learn English. Sometimes he gave his mum and dad a quiz by speaking some English words and asking them what the meanings are.

Bilingual education will not affect the mother tongue study of children. As we are living in an environment of pure native language conversations and traditional culture, it is impossible for us to give up our culture and language. Teachers also are trying to arrange the curriculum in a appropriate way. For instance, they create an English-speaking environment for children in the morning, and a native language-speaking environment in the afternoon.

Bilingual education has become a trend. No matter we like it or not, future educational undertakings will become more international, and exchanges between schools throughout the world will increase. Given this, speaking a common language is important and, to this purpose, bilingual teaching is an inevitable way.

  托福写作模板:书本知识与实践经验

Task:It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.

托福写作模板范文参考:

We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.

First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.

What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.

In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.