托福写作：攻破“奇葩题”的制胜法宝—拆分法

在托福写作考试的考场上，同学们最高兴的事莫过于碰到惯例题，用上课所学的“全能理由法”就能够做到文思泉涌。可是也许碰上看似棘手的“奇葩题”，怎么完美处理“奇葩题”、做到险中求胜就需求用上化繁为简的“拆分法”。请看下文！

托福写作：攻破“奇葩题”的制胜法宝—拆分法

咱们先来看以下一个比方，选用的标题为2016年4月23日：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Playing sports teaches people lessons about life.一拿到这道题，许多同学会想当然地把标题当作“playing sports的好处”并用全能理由法给出了三个理由：削减压力(alleviate pressure)、保持健康的身体状况(maintain healthy physical condition)以及拓展人际圈(extend your scope of relationship)。可是从头看标题，才会发现key words限定于“体育是不是能够教会大家日子中的道理”，之前的全能理由也都用不上了。这种状况怎么办呢?本来，在碰到思路有局限的标题时，拆分法是取胜的不二法门，咱们能够挑选让标题里的key words具体化。比方，这道题傍边，出现了一个关键字叫做 “sports”，运用拆分法咱们能够先把sports拆成各种运动品种football、long-distance running、badminton，再给出相应的理由——football (realize the importance of cooperating)/ long-distance running(persistence is required in achieving success)/ badminton (find out thesignificance of conducting flexible strategies)，最终在依据分观点进行别离的打开和证明，文章就得以成型。

下面我将用四道题由易至难来进一步展现怎么运用“拆分法”。

丨选用2016年11月12日

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems in their daily life on their own or with the help from families; the help from the government is not necessary.这道题傍边，不管选前者仍是后者，都能够用拆分法解题。比方，咱们挑选的thesis为“政府在帮助大家处理平时日子中重要问题方面起到很大的作用”，就能够运用拆分法把状况具体化。思路能够为：把”problem”进行具体化拆分，考虑日子中面临的啥严重问题是需求政府干涉和处理的。这时分咱们也许就想到医疗方面需求政府provide basic medical insurance，交通方面improve the construction of urban traffic facilities以及面临高犯罪率，需求政府come up with strategies to decrease the criminal rate。

丨选用2015年7月11日

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers should be paid at least as much as doctors, lawyers or business leaders are paid. 在这道题中，假如一时想不到合适的思路，能够运用拆分法。题干傍边，咱们能够挑选 “teachers”作为被拆分的主体。依照时刻，能够分为小学教师、中学教师以及大学教师。假如基地观点立意为“教师值得高薪”，则三个分观点能够别离为：小学教师play a pivotal role in cultivating children’s initial values of distinguishing right from wrong，中学教师instill vital theoretical knowledge for high school students to establish their knowledge system，大学教师provides professional guidance for college students to find out their career path。最终得出结论，恰是由于这三点理由，所以能够得出各个期间的教师都需求取得高薪。

丨选用2014年11月11日

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Advertisements make

products seem better than they are.媒体类题关于同学们来说也许会有些陌生，但实际上运用拆分法，也能够极好的解题。面临这道标题，咱们能够很容易地找出关键字为“广告”，依据拆分法，advertisements能够依照广告的种类进行具体化剖析，比方分为“播送广告”(radio advertisements)、“电视广告”(TV commercials)、“杂志广告”(magazine advertisements)。接下来，考虑的有些是这三类广告别离怎样使得商品比真实状况看起来非常好。也许能够给出的理由比方：播送广告通常会运用专家采访来进步商品成效的可信度(enhance the reliability of target products’ efficacy) 、电视广告经过招引观众的广告语来强化商品的质量 (using appealing slogans to emphasize the quality of products) 、杂志广告里常见的办法是经过处理图像来强化商品作用 (intensify product effect through processing the images) 。

丨选用2015年1月31日

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The rules that the whole societies today expect to young people to follow and obey are too strict。这道题许多同学刚拿到的时分都有种无从下手的感受，可是冷静冷静下来，会发现最优的办法是挑选拆分。例如，咱们挑选的基地观点为：rules并没有过于严厉。在整个题干中，咱们能够挑选拆分 ”the whole societies”，剖析在哪些地方，学生遇到的rules是有必要的。这时分，咱们就会发现，在校园里学生被请求一致穿校服 (in order to reduce comparison among students from different family backgrounds)，在家庭傍边孩子被请求尊老爱幼 (which is crucial for establishing a harmonious family)，在社会傍边，法令对年轻人的喝酒年纪有请求 (for the sake of young people’s well-being)。经过拆分，咱们很快能够把这道题的思路拓展。

信任同学们经过今日的独家托福写作周报，能够愈加了解怎么运用拆分法来处理托福实考中不是很容易回答的标题，做到遇到“奇葩题”也能够稳操胜券!

　　托福综合写作对考生有哪些要求

在托福综合写作学习中，托福写作过程中的阅读与听力内容是学生必须要扎实掌握的部分。由于托福综合写作对学生的基础和写作规范要求颇高，因此在复习托福综合写作时，要对托福综合写作要求内容熟悉掌握。

托福综合写作字数要求：从不愿公开设定字数下限的ETS 终于在新托福综合写作字数做出了规定：在综合写作部分的Direction中标明“通常一篇有效的写作需要150 ～225字”。这个要求只是“建议性”的，并不是硬性规定。针讨综合写作的字数，ETS指出：考生所写内容能回答考题，考生不会因为超出规定的字数而被扣分。考生的文章并无上限，在这里提醒大家，考生可以在规定的时间内尽其所能地写，但写的内容要切题。

托福综合写作笔记要求：在阅读和听力过程中，考生都能得到一张草稿纸供记笔记使用。事实上，合理高效的笔记方法确实是在最后“写”的过程中能否写的全面，写的正确的最关键因素之一。但是，记笔记是有技巧的。一般来说，阅读文章会有一个中心思想和由此中心思想延伸出的三个“点”。而这三个点，又是考生将会在之后的听力中听到的将会被支持或者驳斥的。

托福综合写作观点要求：在阅读文章中用三个段落进行标示，而在听力的语段中则有各种不同的连接手法来表现这三个点，因此，专家建议考生要熟悉各类表并列，递进，列举等的连接手法，以确定自己能够将听力中的三点找出来。如果这点没有做到，语法再严丝合缝，词藻再华丽，也无法获得令人满意的分数。基于阅读和听力语段信息整合得出的内容才是综合写作要求考生描写的。因此，考生不能将自己的观点加入其中，否则将会因为不符合考试要求而被扣分。

　　托福写作获得高分的五个技巧

第一方面：不要使用长句

长句有两个问题，一是中国学生水平不够，很难写出语法没有错误、意思表达准确的长句，语法错误、几个逗号连用、倒装从句混合是经常的。二是看essay的人也是人，经常是那种大学生研究生，没人愿意看长句混在一起的文章，短句更能让人看懂，并且表达意思更加清晰，准确。

第二方面：细节要注意

出现My brother, friend的时候加上名字，出现university的时候要给上名字，给出事例的时候要给出时间地点人物，没人愿意看“我的弟弟去了一个大学，然后再大学里交了很多朋友，后来去了公司里那些朋友成为了他的财富”，而“我的弟弟Dan去了Upenn读书，在学校里认识了Jeff、Dennis等好朋友，而他后来去Google公司工作的时候发现了他们成为了自己一生宝贵的财富”比上面那句好了很多。实在要写流水账也要写出细节和感觉。

第三方面：瞎编要编的像

如果对于一个事情，不是你亲身经历的，但你也要写出亲身经历的感觉来。不能让人一看就是在胡编乱造一通。这样你的托福作文分数不会太高的。

点击下载《新托福写作真经4》 pdf版

第四方面：自己的事例难写，最好不要写

如果自己没有这方面的事例，可以拿别人的事例过来用，但一定要真实。不能让人一看就太假的感觉。

第五方面：积累，积累，再积累

　托福写作范文：保护环境与提供更多的粮食哪个重要?

写作题目：

Modern agriculture methods damage the environment, but providing food for the growing population around the world is more important than protecting the environment.现代的农业作业方法对环境有伤害，但是给全世界与日俱增的人群提供粮食比保护环境更重要。

范文：

Modern agriculture methods like the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers are widely used around the world. Along with such brings forth negative effects. The most obvious and detrimental impact of modern agriculture methods is environmental degradation. Many people believe that the environmental risks should not be taken into consideration since many people are suffering from the lack of food. I certainly disagree with this.

To begin with, despite the fact that there are people who suffer from starvation, the reason is not because of the lack of food. As a matter of fact, tons of grains and corns are wasted every year. If the government and the general public really care about starving people, they should have enough ability and adequate materials to offer help. People suffer just because of bad management, worldwide corruption, and terrible indifference. So there is no need to destroy wilderness areas or use environmentally-damaging agricultural methods to increase productivity. The world nowadays has more food than we need. As long as corruption and bad management are eradicated, the world would see less people starving.

Besides, the statement asserts that providing food for a growing number of people is more urgent than the protection of environment. I find this statement totally unconvincing. People’s survival depends on the environment. More often than not, whenever the environment gets damaged, the deleterious effects are always irreversible. In other words, once the environment on which we depend on is disrupted, our lives are placed at risk. Modern agriculture, although it provides enough food, has contaminated the water and soil. When people eat crops grown with polluted water and soil, diseases will break out sooner or later. Genetically modified crops, although their negative effects are not obvious and not yet confirmed, should also be treated with great care, for it is reported that dogs, cats, and other pets become sick after ingesting GM food. If human beings are negatively affected by modern agriculture, untold dire consequences will arise. People will suffer from diseases and the government will shoulder considerable medical bills. Worse, the society may become unstable and inharmonious.

From the above discussion, I can draw the conclusion that there are other more effective methods to address starvation. No matter how much food we produce, as long as corruption and wasteful use exist, there will always be starving people. Besides, a healthy natural environment is a basic requirement of our survival. We cannot increase food production at the expense of our environment, lest we are bound to suffer for our inconsideration and recklessness.