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英语宾语从句要点公开

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大家知道的宾语从句有哪些呢?今天小编跟大家讲一点有关于宾语从句,接下来,小编给大家准备了英语宾语从句要点公开,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

英语宾语从句要点公开

一、宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。如:?

Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗??

二、宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。?

主句是现在或将来时态时,从句可用任何所需要的时态。主句是过去时态时,从句要用表示过去的相应的时态。但如果从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语,则从句应用一般过去时,不用过去完成时;如从句表达的是客观规律或真理时,用一般现在时。如:?

He said1 he had2 finished3 his studies when the war4 broke5 out.他说战争爆发时,他已经完成了学业。

He said he would6 spend his holiday in Dalian.他说他将在大连度假。?

She said that the earth7 moves around the sun.她说地球围绕太阳转。?

三、如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而把宾语从句后置。其句型为:“主语+谓语+it+补足语+宾语从句”。如:

We think it important8 that we should master9 at least10 one foreign11 language12.

我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的。?

注意:

(1)连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except,but和in等少数几个介词后。其它一些介词的宾语从句如由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。如:

He is a good student except13 that he is careless15.他是个好学生,只不过有点粗心。?

See to it that children don't catch cold.当心孩子别感冒了。?

(2)that引导表语从句时,在句中无词义,只起连接作用,但不可省去。His idea is that we should go there at once.他主张我们立即去那儿。?

四、连词whether可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,不可省。if引导宾语从句。

(1)宾语从句是肯定句时,whether16,if可互换;但whether常和or not连用,宾语从句是否定句时,一般用if引导。如:?

I don't know if/whether I should tell you.不知我是否应告诉你。?

I wonder17 whether it is true18 or not.不知这是不是真的。?

I don't care14 if it doesn't rain.天下不下雨我不会在乎。?

(2)作介词宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if。如:?

Everything depends19 on whether we have enough experience20.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的经验。

五、that引导宾语从句时不可省的几种情况:?

宾语从句的状语部分位于从句前部时。?

I promised21 that if anyone22 could23 set24 me free,I would make him king25 over the earth.

我曾许诺如果有人把我放了,我就让他成为全世界的国王。?

2.当主句的状语部分位于that宾语从句前时。?

Abraham Lincoln later26 said himself27 that he only went to school a little now and a little then.

亚伯拉罕·林肯自己后来说他只不过是时断时续地接受教育。?

3.主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时。?

When he got28 to England,he found,however,that his English was29 too limited30.

然而当他到英国时,他发现他的英语很有限。?

4.当一个谓语动词带两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句时。

Then he said that French31 was the most beautiful tongue32 in the world,and that we must keep it among33 us and never forget it.

他说,法语是世界上最美的语言,我们必须坚持说法语,永远也不要忘记它。?

5.宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。?

I must never tell anyone that I could not see the cloth34.

我决不能告诉任何人我看不到那布。?

6.宾语从句的主语是this/that,或用this/that修饰主语时。?

He said that that was a good idea.他说那是个好主意。?

7.在直接引语中,主句和宾语从句被隔开时。?

“I'm sorry to tell you,”he said,“that you didn't watch carefully36 enough what I did35.”

我很遗憾的告诉大家,你们没有仔细观察我所做的一切。?

8.宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时。?

The old lady then explained37 that what she was looking for was a pair of gloves for a girl.

那位老太太解释说她在为一个女孩找一双手套。

  扩展:一般现在时和现在进行时的区别

一般现在时与现在进行时使用频繁,应理解如下两点。

一、准确理解两种时态的主要含义:

A、一般现在时

1、表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性。

The table ____ soft。 (feels ) 表特性特征。

Japan ___ to the east of China。  (lies ) 表客观事实

2、现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间。

The shop closes at 7:30 p.m.

Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯 )

3、表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词,如It doesn’t matter.

Does it hurt? (感觉结果)

4、特殊用法:

-在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。

-If you go there, I’ll help you.

—用在begin ,come ,go ,leave ,return ,open ,close 等短暂位移动词表规定计划。

The plane takes off at 11:30. (不受主观支配的计划)

-在剧本、解说、标题或there (here)开头的句中表进行

There goes the bell/Here comes .

I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布)

He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)

B.现在进行时

1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作

Look! Dark clouds are gathering1 . (正在发生)

2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。

He usually gets up at 6:00 , but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床)

3、现在进行时的特殊意义

-表示主观打算常用于 go , come , leave , start , begin 等,位移、趋向动词。

How long are you staying here ? (准备停留)

-表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell , say , talk , discuss ….

You don’t believe it ? You know I’m telling the truth.

-表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌……感情色彩。

He is always making noises in class. (讨厌)

-在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。

Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.

二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义。

a) 持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。

He lives in Beijing.(生活在北京-习惯性)

He is living in Beijing.(目前住在北京暂时性)

b) 短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。

He jumps high. (特征)

He is jumping very high. (反复)

c) 短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。

The bus stops. (车停了-事实)

The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来)

I love the job. (静态事实)

I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了)

d) come ,go ,leave ,start ,return ,move ,reach ,sail ,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。

Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表主观打算)

The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断)

e) 现在进行时带always ,often ,usually ,sometimes ,等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。