GRE阅读高频机经原文：Maya文明

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GRE阅读高频机经原文：Maya文明

Maya文明

Most of the animals which feed on the fruit of B. alicastrum eat the seed as well, and, therefore, function more as seed predators than as dispersal agents. Frugivorous bats, however, display the interesting behavior of collecting the fruit, flying to their roosts, and later eating only the fleshy pericarp and dropping the seed intact. Bats of the genus Artibeus have been shown to disperse large quantities of B. alicastrum seed in this manner, the fruit comprising the major part of their diet when available (Vazquez-Yanes et al. 1975). Puleston (1968:56-57) reviewed the dispersal of racmon seeds by Artibeus bats but later rejected the possibility at they were an important seed vector to the ruins. This is surprising in light of his observations that "large numbers of bats occupy the inner chambers and vaults of the larger palaces and temples," that "their nests are littered with whole ramon seeds" and that "the seeds can apparently be carried great distances if the bats have young." I have seen similar accumulations of seeds and seedlings around the ruins of Palenque and Bonampak in Chiapas, and under bat roosts in mango plantations in Veracruz where the nearest ramon tree was more than 5 km away. A more reasonable explanation for the commonly observed aggregations of B. alicastrum near ruins, therefore, is the competitive advantage this species possesses on limestone soils coupled with the continual input of bat-dispersed seed.

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GRE长难句中代词的指代

A better approach may be to retain inter partes the principle of belligerent equality – which, asexplained before, is a feature which confers legitimacy upon IHL norms and may promote compliance on the part of the conflicting parties with their mutual IHLobligations – and to address additional aspects of state conduct which may infringe upon humanitarianvalues through the application of standards derived from international human rights law to the extent that they are applicable to the circumstances athand.

最后的 to the extend that they are applicable to the circumstances at hand如何理解?

想一下they are applicable to the circumstances at hand 里面的they指代谁，然后再看首句and to address the additional aspects就通了。

GRE长难句解析 读懂从句主干结构

Section 49-4 The journalist was someone whose habitual distrust of authority struck a few people as pathological but who had enough talent and charm that most found the trail to be pardonable, with the result that it did not become a personal or professional liability.

如何理解这一部分长难句 The journalist was someone whose habitual distrust of authority struck a few people as pathological?

完整的从句是： whose habitual distrust of authority struck a few people as pathological。

distrust是名词，做主语。

攻克GRE阅读之经典长难句练习

1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of gene copies　transmitted. (难度系数5)

译文：那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

难句类型：倒装、省略

a 本句的正常语序应当是：That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语That sex　ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。

b 在which引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中，　an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句，但是，因为descendants在从句中作have的宾语，所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略是在第二个the number of 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。

意群训练：That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of gene copies　transmitted.