高中英语句子成分分析
英语句子成分教学一直是被师生及教育专家们忽视的弱点学习内容。下面是本站小编带来的高中英语句子成分分析，欢迎阅读!
简单句的句子成份分析(主语、谓语、宾语、定语)
句子的基本成份分析是高中英语语法学习的基础准备。不会分析句子成份，高中阶段的主要语法的学习如定语从句、名词性从句、非谓语等就会显得十分困难。
一.句子的主要成份与次要成份
[讲解] 句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。句子的主要成份由主语和谓语部分部分组成。句子的次要成分有宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语、同位语等。其中，补语与同位语在高中阶段较常见。 例如： (主语) (定语修饰主语) (系动词) (表语) (状语) (主语) (谓语) (宾语) (补语) (状语)
[练习] 在括号内写出以下句子划线部分的基本成份 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
二、主语及充当主语的词性、形式、短语或句子
[讲解]主语是句子的主体，是谓语陈述或说明的对象。正常语序的句子的主语在谓语动词前面或系动词前面。充当主语的词性有名词、代词、数词等。这一点我们在初中阶段较为熟悉。例如： 主语由名词deer来充当) 主语由代词everything来充当) 主语由数词99来充当)
以下充当主语的情况在高中阶段较为常见。他们是：不定式、动名词等形式充当主语，动名词短语、不定式短语、介词短语充当主语以及充当主语从句充当主语。例如： 主语由不定式to say来充当) 主语由不定式短语to host a party来充当) ’s health.(主语由动名词swimming来充当) 主语由动名词短语Walking his pet dog every day来充当) 主语由what he said这一主语从句来充当)
[练习] 在以下句子的主语部分加下划线并在括号内写出充当主语的词性、形式、短语或句子。
You, he and I are all senior school students.( )
Nothing is more important than EQ.( )
To learn a foreign language calls for patiences.( )
Being honest will pay.( )
Where his mother will go is a secret.( )
三、谓语以及充当谓语的动词
[讲解] 谓语说明主语的的动作、行为、特征或状态，谓语动词说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。谓语动词有不及物动词、系动词和及物动词三大类。谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息，除了一般现在时和一般过去时的主被动形式外，谓语动词往往由下列词语中的两个或两个以上依序排列构成：情态动词+时态助动词+语态助动词+主要动词。例如： 作谓语，系动词) (work作谓语，不及物动词)
高中英语句子成分分析阅读宾语及充当宾语的词性、形式、短语或句子
[讲解]宾语表示行为的对象。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。充当宾语的词性有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、不定式短语、动名词短语、宾语从句充当主语。例如： 名词作宾语) 代词作宾语) (数词作宾语) (不定式作宾语) (动名词作宾语) (不定式短语作宾语) (动名词短语作宾语) (宾语从句作宾语)
[练习] 根据汉语提示将以下句子的宾语译成英语。
1. I like my new ________(学校) and my __________(同学).
2. My bag is red while ______(你的) is brown.
3. Do you want ______ ______ ______ ______(休息一下)?
’s stop ______(工作) and go out for a change.
5. Can you understand ______ ______ ______(我所说的话) just now?
定语及充当定语的词性、形式、短语或句子
定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词。可用作定语的有形容词、代词、数词、名词、名词所有格、分词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、副词、介词短语及从句等。例如：
(1)名词作定语：A book cover, a coffee cup, a table leg, a mountain plant
(2)形容词(短语)作定语: an attractive sight, people alive,
(3)副词(短语)作定语: The students here work hard. The book over there is his.
(4)介词短语作定语: The pencil-bos on the desk is mine.
(5) 动名词、分词(短语)定语: He is a walking dictionary
(6)不定式(短语): Is there anything to eat?
(7)定语从句: The bookcase that was bought yesterday is cheap.
[练习] 将下列句中作定语的部分划线.
1.I need a book cover.
is a handsome star.
trees over there grow green.
books in my schoolbag are readable.
5. The crowds waiting for Yang Liwei cheered up.
6. I’d like to introduce a book called A Woman in White to you.
第2 / 3页
computer to be repaired is on the desk.
8. Do you know the date when he was born?
高中英语句子成分分析学习练习
A
1、 ___ six years since I began to study English.
A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was
2 、___ in the room at that time.
A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are
3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?
A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where
4、 ___ in English in class every day is important.
A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell
5 、There must be____ near the factory.
A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores
6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.
A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they
B
1、 The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the patients.
A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing
2、 Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?
A. is B. isn't C. must D. mustn't
3、 The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among students
in this school.
A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened
4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.
A. mustn't B. had to C. can't D. needn't
5 、Don't ___ excited.
A. get B. is C. seem D. look
6 This room ___ every morning.
A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning
