世界卫生组织盛赞中国疫苗监管体系

FANS of the China model frequently say that, for all the disadvantages of a one-party state, there are also benefits. Enforcing basic health care is one—and by no means a small one. Last year China’s mortality rate for children under five years old was just one-fifth the rate it was in 1991, down from 61 deaths per 1, 000 live births to 12. The maternal mortality rate has also dropped substantially—by 71%—since 1991. In 1992, one in ten Chinese children under five contracted hepatitis B. Today fewer than one in 100 of them carry the disease.

欣赏中国模式的人认为这种模式是有不少可取之处的，其中重要的一点就是推行了基础医疗保健系统。去年，中国5岁以下儿童死亡率仅为1991年的五分之一，从每1000名活产儿中死亡61例下降到了12例。产妇死亡率相比1991年则下降了71%之多。1992年，每10个5岁以下的中国儿童中就有一个感染乙肝。如今，5岁以下儿童的乙肝发病率则下降到了1%以下。

China’s advances have not gone unnoticed. Last month a group of four international bodies, including the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the World Bank, said China was one of ten countries to have made exceptional progress in reducing infant and maternal mortality (see chart).

中国的进步并非无人发觉。上个月，包括世界卫生组织和世界银行在内的四大国际组织称，世界有十个国家在降低婴儿死亡率和产妇死亡率方面成就卓越，中国即其中之一。

China’s improvement lies in two basic, connected areas: better care at birth and countrywide immunisation. Since 2000 the government has offered subsidies to mothers who give birth in hospitals, thereby reducing health dangers from complications—especially the risk of neonatal tetanus.

中国的进步体现在两个戚戚相关的基本方面：生产医护和全国免疫工作。自2000年起，中国政府开始向在医院生产的孕妇发放补贴，降低了并发症风险，特别是新生儿破伤风的患病风险。

Margaret Chan, the WHO’s director-general, this month said that China’s regulatory system for vaccines had passed the WHO’s evaluation with outstanding results. Dr Chan says she has “full confidence” in the safety of vaccines made in China. Last year the WHO approved one for the first time for use by UNICEF.

世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍本月表示，中国疫苗国家监管体系通过了世卫组织评估。陈冯富珍还说道，她对中国生产疫苗的安全性“充满了信心”。去年，中国疫苗首次通过了世卫组织的认证，并列入了联合国儿童基金会的疫苗采购清单。

That China is now at a stage where it needs a more sophisticated and targeted immunisation programme is testimony to its success, however. It is a sign that 1.4 billion people have taken another step up the ladder of good health.

目前中国需要制定更精细、更明确的免疫计划，但这也从一方面说明了中国的成功，显示出14亿中国民众的健康水平有了质的提升。