全球最贵城市排名伦敦第五 London is world’s fifth most expensive city

London is the fifth most expensive city in the world in which to live and work, but its workers are not among the top 10 average earners globally.

在全球生活成本最昂贵城市的排名中，伦敦位列第五，但伦敦劳动者的平均收入却未能在全球跻身前十位之列。

The findings, from UBS, the Swiss bank, show that the widely held belief among Londoners that the city is painfully pricey to live in has some basis in reality.

瑞银(UBS)的研究结果表明，伦敦人对于伦敦是一个生活成本高昂得令人痛苦的城市的普遍看法，是有一些现实依据的。

“This suggests London isn’t a highly priced labour market in terms of the purchasing power of goods [and] labour remains quite competitive from a business perspective,” said Bill O’Neill, head of the UK investment office at UBS Wealth Management.

“这表明，就商品购买力而言，伦敦不是一个高价的劳动力市场，而从商业角度来说，其劳动市场的竞争依然相当激烈，”瑞银财富管理(UBS Wealth Management)英国投资办事处主管比尔攠尼尔(Bill O’Neill)表示。

Excluding rent, London is the sixth most expensive city in the world, and workers’ gross earnings are, on average, the 13th highest.

剔除房租，伦敦是全球生活成本第六昂贵的城市，而伦敦劳动者的平均总收入则在全球排名第十三位。

UBS compared prices, wages and earners’ purchasing power in 71 cities worldwide in nominal US$ terms. It found that, based on the prices for a standardised basket of 122 goods and services, Zurich, Geneva and New York City were the most expensive cities in the world. The cost of living was lowest in eastern Europe, with Kiev the cheapest city in which to live and work.

瑞银按名义美元比较了71个城市的物价、薪资和劳动者购买力。根据由122种商品和服务组成的标准化篮子的价格，瑞银发现苏黎世、日内瓦和纽约市是世界上生活成本最昂贵的前三个城市。东欧的生活成本最低，其中基辅是全球生活成本最低的城市。

UBS also found that, since the financial crisis, there had been marked divergence in relative labour costs within the eurozone. Since 2009, gross hourly wages have fallen by 2 per cent in Dublin, by 15 per cent in Lisbon, but had risen 11 per cent in Milan.

瑞银还发现，在金融危机之后，欧元区各国的相对劳动力成本出现了明显分化。2009年后，都柏林的总时薪降低了2%，里斯本降低了15%，而米兰则上升了11%。

Workers in Zurich, Geneva, and Luxembourg earn the highest gross wages. In Nairobi, Jakarta and Kiev, workers receive only about a 20th of average gross earnings in Zurich. Salaries went furthest in Luxembourg, Zurich and Geneva, whereas those in Nairobi and Jakarta had the lowest purchasing power.

苏黎世、日内瓦和卢森堡的劳动者的总薪资最高。内罗毕、雅加达和基辅的劳动者平均收入仅为苏黎世的5%左右。卢森堡、苏黎世和日内瓦的购买力最高，而内罗毕和雅加达的购买力则最低。

It would take workers in London more than 41 hours to earn enough money to buy an iPhone 6, compared with less than 30 hours in US and Swiss cities. A Big Mac costs almost three hours of average earnings in Nairobi, compared with just nine minutes in Hong Kong — the lowest — and 12 minutes in London.

伦敦劳动者需要工作逾41个小时才能赚到足够买一部iPhone6的钱，而美国和瑞士城市的劳动者只需不到30个小时的工作时间。在内罗毕，买一个巨无霸几乎需要三个小时的平均收入，而在香港仅需9分钟——香港的这一数值是全球最低的——在伦敦则需要12分钟。

But the affordability of a Big Mac in Hong Kong came at a price. People in Hong Kong work the longest hours, four more a day than workers in Paris, who spend the fewest hours at work.

但香港人对巨无霸的购买力是有代价的。香港劳动者的工作时长是全球最长的，平均每个工作日比巴黎劳动者多4个小时，后者是工作时长最短的。

On average people worked over 2,000 hours a year in 19 major cities, most of them in Asia and the Middle East.

有19个城市——其中大多数位于亚洲和中东——的劳动者平均每年工作时长超过2000个小时。

The shortest work schedule and highest number of days of paid vacation are enjoyed by workers in western Europe.

西欧劳动者则享受最短的工作时长和最多的带薪休假天数。

The UBS study of wages and prices has been running since 1971. The last one, in 2012, found that London was the 10th priciest city in the world, and wages were the 19th highest.

瑞银对薪资和物价的研究从1971年持续至今。上一次瑞银发布研究结果是在2012年，当时伦敦在全球城市生活成本排名中位列第十，其薪资水平则排在第十九位。