美国研究生入学人数再次下降
Enrollment in college is still climbing, but students are increasingly saying no to graduate school in the United States.
美国本科入学人数仍在上升，但本科毕业生对研究生教育越发敬而远之。New enrollment in graduate schools fell last year for the second consecutive year, according to a report from the Council of Graduate Schools.
美国研究生院委员会(Council of Graduate Schools)发布的一份报告显示，去年美国研究生入学人数连续第二年下降。The declines followed surges in enrollment in 2008 and 2009 as many unemployed workers sought a haven during the recession. Financial considerations probably played a role in the shift. Students may be dissuaded from continuing their education in part because of the increasing debt burden from their undergraduate years.
在2008和2009年，美国研究生入学人数一度猛增，原因是许多失业者把研究生院当做了经济衰退期间的避风港。经济方面的考虑可能是情况发生改变的原因之一。由于本科学业带来的债务负担越发沉重，学生们可能对继续深造望而却步。
Additionally, state budget cuts are forcing public institutions to reduce aid for graduate students, who in some disciplines have traditionally been paid to attend postgraduate programs.
此外，各州削减预算迫使公立高校降低了对研究生的支持力度，而此前部分专业的研究生一直可以领取补贴。The number of students enrolled in master’s and doctoral programs (excluding law and certain other first professional degrees like M.D.’s) declined by 1.7 percent from the fall of 2010 to fall 2011.
2011年秋季硕士和博士课程入学人数比2010年秋季下降了1.7%（不包括法学以及医学博士[MD]等其他第一专业学位[first professional degree]）。Among American citizens and permanent residents, matriculation fell by 2.3 percent. In contrast, temporary residents increased their enrollment by 7.8 percent.
在美国公民和永久居民中，攻读研究生学历的人减少了2.3%。与之相反，美国临时居民的研究生入学人数增加了7.8%。Temporary residents made up 16.9 percent of all students in American graduate schools, and that figure has been growing as foreign governments pay for more of their citizens to obtain education in the United States, particularly in technical areas. Temporary residents represented 45.5 percent of all students enrolled in engineering graduate programs in the United States, and 42.4 percent of those in American mathematics and computer science graduate programs.
临时居民占美国全部在校研究生的16.9%，这个数字一直在上升，原因是其他国家和地区政府出资让更多本地公民赴美国接受教育，特别是在科技领域。在美国，临时居民占工程类研究生入学人数的45.5%，占数学和计算机科学研究生入学人数的42.4%。The changes in 2011 varied by discipline, with education having the biggest drop-off in new graduate enrollment at 8.8 percent.
2011年入学人数的变化因专业而异，教育类研究生入学人数降幅最大，达8.8%。
