词汇精选：sustain的用法和辨析大纲

一、详细释义：

v.

维持，保持 [T]

例句：

They found it difficult to sustain an interest in their talk.

他们感到很难保持他们谈话的兴趣。

例句：

The desire to know is not often strong enough to sustain critical inquiry.

人的求知欲常常不够旺盛，难以使人保持批判性探索。

支撑，支持 [T]

例句：

The branches could hardly sustain the weight of fruit.

树枝已很难支撑水果的重量。

例句：

The foundations were not strong enough to sustain the weight of the house.

这地基不够牢固，无法支撑房屋的重量。

支援，救济 [T]

例句：

He sustained a large sum to the relief fund.

他向救济基金捐赠巨资。

例句：

We need to sustain people in the afflicted area.

我们要支援灾区。

经受，遭受，忍受 [T]

例句：

The arrive goods sustain More serious damage than have been estimated.

到货所遭受的损坏比原来估计的要严重得多。

例句：

How long will you sustain the rudeness of your boss?

对你上司的粗暴无礼你还能忍受多久？

供养，承担 [T]

例句：

He has a wife and seven children to sustain.

他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。

例句：

Adult offspring have the obligation to sustain their parents.

成年子女对父母有赡养扶助的义务。

证实 [T]

例句：

These facts sustain the theory.

这些事实证实了这个理论。

例句：

The evidence is not detailed enough to sustain his argument.

这一证据过于笼统，不足以证明他的论点。

扮演 [T]

例句：

He hasn't the experience to sustain the part of Hamlet.

他没有扮演哈姆雷特的经验。

例句：

He sustained a king in the pageant.

他在露天表演中扮演国王。

二、词义辨析：

undergo,experience,sustain,suffer

这些动词均有“经历，经受，遭受”之意。undergo多指经受艰难、痛苦、不愉快或危险等事。experience指亲身经受或体验某事。sustain指遭受痛苦或承受负担。suffer常可与sustain通用，尤指受到损害或伤害。

三、词义辨析：

back,uphold,support,sustain,advocate

这些动词均有“支持，支援，拥护”之意。back通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。uphold既可指积极努力对陷入困境者的支持，也可指给某人在行动、道义或信仰上的支持。support含义广泛，多指在道义上或物质上支持某人，也可指对某项事业的支持。sustain侧重指连续不断的支持。advocate多指通过写文章或发表演说等来支持或拥护，往往暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护。

四、参考例句：

The facts sustain his theory.

这些事实都证明了他的理论。

These facts sustain the theory.

这些事实证实了这个理论。

They had sufficient food to sustain life.

他们有足够维持生命的食物。

Can even our Ministers sustain a more humiliating disgrace?

我们的各位部长大人是否还能容忍这样的屈辱？

The branches could hardly sustain the weight of fruit.

树枝已很难支撑水果的重量。

The evidence is not detailed enough to sustain his argument.

这一证据过于笼统，不足以证明他的论点。

The pillars sustain the roof of the pit.

坑道顶用柱子支撑着。

We need to sustain people in the afflicted area.

我们要支援灾区。

Money doesn't sustain or fund real economic activity.

货币并不能支撑或资助真正的经济活动。

How long will you sustain the rudeness of your boss?

对你上司的粗暴无礼你还能忍受多久？