英语中最易混淆的17组词语

Here are some of the most commonly confused English word pairs. They have been chosen especially for ESL learners.

下面是最为常见的易混淆的英语词组，它们是专为那些将英语作为第二语言的学习者挑选出来的。

de / besides

beside: preposition meaning 'next to', 'at the side of'

介词，意为“紧挨着”“在······旁边”。

Examples:

例子

I sit beside John in class.

上课时我坐在约翰旁边。

Could you get me that book? It's beside the lamp.

你能把那本书给我吗？它就放在灯的旁边。

besides: adverb meaning 'also', 'as well'; preposition meaning 'in addition to'

副词，意为“也”“同样地”；做介词时意为“除此之外”。

Examples:

例子：

(adverb) He's responsible for sales, and a lot more besides.

（副词）他负责销售，以及其他许多事。

(preposition) Besides tennis, I play soccer and basketball.

（介词）除了网球，我还喜欢足球和篮球。

hes / cloths

clothes: something you wear - jeans, shirts, blouses, etc.

你穿的衣物，如牛仔裤、衬衫、上衣等。

Examples:

例子：

Just a moment, let me change my clothes.

等一会儿，让我先换个衣服。

Tommy, get your clothes on!

汤米，把你的衣服穿好！

cloths: pieces of material used for cleaning or other purposes.

用来做清洁或其他用途的材料。

Examples:

例子：

There are some cloths in the closet. Use those to clean the kitchen.

壁橱里有一些布。用它们来清洁厨房吧。

I have a few pieces of cloth that I use.

我有一些用过的布快。

/ died

dead: adjective meaning 'not alive'

形容词，意为“无生命的”

Examples:

例子：

Unfortunately, our dog has been dead for a few months.

不幸的是，我们的狗已经去世几个月了。

Don't touch that bird. It's dead.

别碰那只鸟。它已经死了。

died: past tense and past participle of the verb 'to die'

动词die的过去式和过去分词形式。

Examples:

例子：

His grandfather died two years ago.

他的祖父两年前去世了。

A number of people have died in the accident.

许多人在这场意外中丧生。

rience / experiment

experience: noun meaning something that a person lives through.

名词，意为某人经历的某事。

- also used as an uncountable noun meaning 'knowledge gained by doing something'

也可以用作不可数名词，表示“通过完成某事而获得的知识”。

Examples:

例子：

(first meaning)His experiences in Germany were rather depressing.

（第一种）他在德国的经历相当凄惨。

(second meaning) I'm afraid I don't have much sales experience.

（第二种）恐怕我的销售经验不足。

experiment: noun meaning something that you do to see the result. Often used when speaking about scientists and their studies.

名词，意为为了得到结果而做的某事。常在谈论科学家及其研究时使用。

Examples:

例子：

They did a number of experiments last week.

上周，他们做了许多实验。

Don't worry it's just an experiment. I'm not going to keep my beard.

别担心，只是个实验而已。我不打算留胡子。

/ fell

felt: past tense and past participle of the verb 'to feel'

动词feel的过去式和过去分词形式。

Examples:

例子：

I felt better after I had a good dinner.

一顿丰盛的晚饭后，我感觉好多了。

He hasn't felt this well for a long time.

他很久都没有感觉这么好了。

fell: past tense of the verb 'to fall'

动词fall的过去式。

Examples:

例子：

He fell from a tree and broke his leg.

他从树上掉下来，摔伤了腿。

Unfortunately, I fell down and hurt myself.

不幸的是，我掉了下来，受了伤。

le / feminine

female: the sex of a woman or animal

女人或雌性动物。

Examples:

例子：

The female of the species is very aggressive.

这种雌性生物极具攻击力。

The question 'female or male' means 'are you a woman or a man'.

这个“女或男”的问题问的是“你是女人还是男人”。

feminine: adjective describing a quality or type of behaviour that is considered typical for a woman

形容词，用来描述女性常有的特征或行为方式。

Examples:

例子：

He's an excellent boss with a feminine intuition.

他是一位优秀的老板，有着女性的直觉。

The house was decorated in a very feminine manner.

这座房子的装饰非常女性化。

/ it's

its: possessive determiner similar to 'my' or 'your'

物主限定词，类似于my或your。

Examples:

例子：

Its color is red.

它是红色的。

The dog didn't eat all of its food.

这只狗什么都不吃。

it's: Short form of 'it is' or 'it has'

it is或it has的缩写形式。

Examples:

例子：

(it is) It's difficult to understand him.

他真是一个让人读不透的人。

(it has) It's been a long time since I had a beer.

我已经很久没喝过啤酒了。

/ latest

last: adjective usually meaning 'final'

Examples:

I took the last train to Memphis.

我乘上了去往孟斐斯的末班车。

This is the last test of the semester!

这是本学期最后一次测验。

latest: adjective meaning 'most recent' or 'new'

形容词，意为“最近的”或“最新的”。

Examples:

例子：

His latest book is excellent.

他的新书写得非常棒。

Have you seen his latest painting?

你见过他最新的画作吗？

/ lie

lay: verb meaning 'to put down flat' - past tense - laid, past participle – laid

动词，意为“放下”，过去式为laid，过去分词为laid。

Examples:

例子：

He laid his pencil down and listened to the teacher.

他放下手中的铅笔，听老师讲课。

I usually lay my pies on the shelf to cool.

我常常把馅饼放在架子上，让它变凉。

lie: verb meaning 'to be down' - past tense -lay , past participle – lain

动词，意为“躺下”，过去式为lay，过去分词是lain。

Examples:

例子

The girl lay on the bed asleep.

那个女孩躺在床上睡着了。

At the moment, he's lying on the bed.

此刻，他正躺在床上。

/ loose

lose: verb meaning 'to misplace'

动词，意为“丢失”。

Examples:

例子：

I lost my watch!

我把手表弄丢了！

Have you ever lost anything valuable?

你有没有弄丢过珍贵的东西？

loose: adjective meaning the opposite of 'tight'

形容词，意义与“绷紧的”相反。

Examples:

例子：

Your trousers are very loose!

你的裤子太松了！

I need to tighten this screw. It's loose.

我要把螺丝钉拧紧点，它太松了。

/ masculine

male: the sex of a man or animal

男人或雄性动物。

Examples:

例子：

The male of the species is very lazy.

这种雄性生物非常懒惰。

The question 'female or male' means 'are you a woman or a man'.

这个“女或男”的问题问的是“你是女人还是男人”。

masculine: adjective describing a quality or type of behaviour that is considered typical for a man.

形容词，用来描述男性常有的特征或行为方式。

Examples:

例子：

She's a very masculine woman.

她是一个女汉子。

His opinions are just too masculine for me.

他的观点对我来说太大男子主义了。

e / prize

price: noun - what you pay for something.

名词——你为某物付出的钱

Examples:

例子：

The price was very cheap.

价格非常便宜。

What's the price of this book?

这本书多少钱？

prize: noun - an award

名词——奖励。

Examples:

例子：

He won a prize as best actor.

他获得了最佳男演员奖。

Have you ever won a prize in a competition?

你有没有在比赛中得过奖？

cipal / principle

principal: adjective meaning 'the most important'

形容词，意为“最重要的”。

Examples:

例子：

The principal reason for my decision was the money.

我之所以做这个决定，最重要的原因就是钱。

What are the principal irregular verbs?

有哪些重要的不规则动词？

principle: a rule (usually in science but also concerning morals)

规则（常用于科学，但也涉及道德领域）

Examples:

例子：

It's the first principle of aerodynamics.

这是气体力学的第一准则。

He has very loose principles.

他的原则弹性很大。

e / quiet

quite: adverb of degree meaning 'very' or 'rather'

副词，意为“非常”或“相当”。

Examples:

例子：

This test is quite difficult.

这次测验非常难。

He was quite exhausted after the long journey.

长时间的旅行后，他疲惫不堪。

quiet: adjective meaning the opposite of loud or noisy

形容词，意思与“喧闹的”“嘈杂的”相反。

Examples:

例子：

Could you please be quiet?!

能请你安静点吗？

She's a very quiet girl.

她是一个非常安静的女孩。

ible / sensitive

sensible: adjective meaning 'having common sense' i.e. 'not stupid'

形容词，意为“有常识的”，即“不笨的”。

Examples:

例子：

I wish you would be more sensible about things.

我希望，你遇事能够更明智一点。

I'm afraid you aren't being very sensible.

恐怕你不够明智。

sensitive: adjective meaning 'to feel very deeply' or 'to hurt easily'.

形容词，意为“敏感的”或“易受伤害的”。

Examples:

例子：

You should be careful with David. He's very sensitive.

你要小心大卫。他非常敏感。

Mary is a very sensitive woman.

玛丽是一个极易受伤的女人。

e / shadow

shade: protection from the sun, a dark area outside on a sunny day.

在晴天隔绝太阳的荫凉区。

Examples:

例子：

You should sit in the shade for a while.

你应该到荫凉处坐会儿。

It's too hot. I'm going to find some shade.

太热了，我要找个地方乘凉。

shadow: the dark area created by something else on a sunny day.

在晴天，由某物制造出的阴影区。

Examples:

例子：

That tree casts a large shadow.

这棵树投下一大片阴影。

Have you ever noticed your shadow getting longer as it gets later in the day?

你注意到影子会随着天色越晚而拉长吗？

time / sometimes

some time: refers to an indefinite time in the future

指的是未来一个不确定的时间。

Examples:

例子：

Let's meet for coffee some time.

找个时间一起喝杯咖啡吧。

I don't know when I'll do it - but I will do it some time.

我不知道什么时候会去做——但我会在某个时候去做的。

sometimes: adverb of frequency meaning 'occasionally'

频率副词，意为“偶尔”。

Examples:

例子：

He sometimes works late.

他有时候会工作到很晚。

Sometimes, I like eating Chinese food.

有时我喜欢吃中国菜。

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