年高考二轮专题训练：名词

名词

1. (2006上海) When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _______ was the fear of water.
A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger
答案：C
解析：句意“当Jane刚上游泳课时，对水恐惧是她遇到的主要障碍”，故选C。

2. (2007上海) My morning _______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
答案：D
解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。句意“我造成的例行活动包括在公园里快走和边吃早饭边看报”，故选D。

3. (2009天津) I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late.
A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure
答案：C
解析：句意“我正努力改掉玩起的习惯”。tradition风俗，传统；convenience方便，便利；habit习惯；leisure休闲。

4. (2009湖北) Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _______ building.
A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character
答案：D
解析：句意“独自徒步旅行可能会很有趣并且有益于健康，或许对意志的磨练也有好处”。respect尊重，爱戴；friendship友谊；reputation名誉，荣誉，声望；character性格，品格，品质，特点，特性。又如：The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后，小男孩重返学校表现出来他的顽强。

5. (2009湖北) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _______ for everyone to stand up.
A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure
答案：A
解析：句意“在课堂上，铃声响起，老师会合上书就是我们要起立的信号”。signal信号；chance机会，运气；mark分数，标志；measure措施，办法，尺寸。

6. (2009江西) The _______ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _______ car.
A. girl’s; Tom’s B. girls’; Toms’ C. girls’; Tom’s D. girl’s; Toms’
答案：C
解析：句意“那些女孩子的鞋子沾满了泥巴，因此在上汤姆的车之前我让她们把鞋子脱掉”。由右面的them可知，此处的“girl”应为复数形式，因此其所有格形式应该是“girls”形式，而名词Tom的所有格直接在其后加’s即可。

7. (2009安徽) China has got a good _______ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge
答案：A
解析：句意“在抗击流感方面，中国以细致和流畅的组织而获得了良好的声誉”。Reputtion声誉；influence影响；impression印象；knowledge知识。

8. (2009山东) -- He says that my new car is a _______ of money.
-- Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack B. load C. question D. waste
答案：D
解析：句意“他说我新买的小汽车浪费钱。”“难道你不认为这是吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸吗？”lack缺乏；load负荷；question问题；waste浪费。

9. (2009陕西) From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation
答案：B
解析：句意“从他们在电视塔顶的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市”。本题考查名词语义辨析。stage阶段，舞台；position位置，地位，姿势；condition条件，环境，情形；situation形式，环境。

10. (2009福建) The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _______ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.
A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration
答案：A
解析：句意“当H1N1病毒2009年4月在墨西哥爆发时，世界卫生组织立即向公众发出了警告”。Without delay = immediately立即。

11. (2009浙江) The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _______ to the digital resources of the library.
A. access B. passage C. way D. approach
答案：A
解析：句意“设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书光的数据资源”。access to固定短语，意为“有权使用，有机会接近”。

12. (2008天津) Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _______ like coal, gas and oil.
A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products
答案：A
解析：句意“许多空气污染是由燃烧像煤、天然气和油等燃料所造成的”。

13. (2008安徽) To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _______”.
A. sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices
答案：D
解析：根据句意只有voices可以代替languages。

14. (2008江西) -- Shall we go out for a walk?
-- Sorry. This is not right _______ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.
A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance
答案：A
解析：句意“我们出去走走吧？”“对不起，真不凑巧，我太累了，走不动了”。此处为“……时刻”的意思，用the right/very moment表示“正好”的意思，而situation“情形”，place“地方”，chance“机会”，都不符合句子的意思。

15. (2008湖北) The young man made a _______ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution
答案：B
解析：语境说这个年轻人向父母保证/承诺，他毕业后会自食其力。Make a promise表示“许诺”。其他选项的含义：A“预测”，C“计划”；D“贡献”。

16. (2008湖北) The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _______.
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
答案：A
解析：句意“这两个国家的高层领导在友好的氛围中进行交谈”。A“氛围，气氛”；B“(人或物本身所处得)状态”；C“处境，境遇”；D“现象”。

17. (2008浙江) Dogs have a very good _______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.
A. sense B. view C. means D. idea
答案：A
解析：句意“狗有灵敏的嗅觉，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者”。此处sense表示“感觉；感官”。后三项分别表示“观点，方法，主意”，都不符合常识。

18. (2008山东) I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale, it was a real _______.
A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business
答案：B
解析：句意：在甩卖中买的这条裙子只花了10美元，所以应该是一个便宜货(bargain)，而不是“交换(exchange)”。如果不注意主语it指的是上文所说的dress，就会误选“trade(贸易)”和“business(交易)”。

19. (2007山东) I can’t say which wine is best — it's a(n) _______ of personal taste.
A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety
答案：C
解析：matter意为“事件，问题”。根据所提供的情景，“I can’t say which wine is best”可判断出没有说那种酒最好，因为这是个人口味的问题。

20. (2007安徽) The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _______ in many parts of the city.
A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance
答案：C
解析：sight意为“视觉，风景”，表示“在这个城市的大部分地方都能看见把衣服悬挂在街上的景象”。look意为“样子，外表”，a sign意为“记号，符号”。appearance意为“出现，露面，外貌，外观”。

21. (2007福建) -- You are always full of _______. Can you tell me the secret?
-- Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A. power B. strength C. force D. energy
答案：D
解析：energy, power, strength和force均可表示“力量”，但energy意为“能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力量，多用作不可数名词。You are always full of energy.表示“你总是经历充沛”。Power意为“能力”，词义丰富，可指内在的或外在的力量，还可指权利。Force意为“力量”，常指促使物体运动的力量，也可指势力、武力或暴力，可用作可数名词和不可数名词。Strength意为“体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力量，如力气，是不可数名词。

22. (2007湖北) Despite such a big difference in _______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight
答案：C
解析：attitude“态度”，常与towards连用，表示“对……的态度”。表示人们在饮食方面的态度有很大不同。

23. (2007陕西) He and his wife are of the same _______; they both want their son to go to college.
A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind
答案：D
解析：mind“愿望，想法”。根据所提供的情景“they both want their son to go to college”可判断出，他和他的妻子有一个共同的愿望。

24. (2007天津) One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _______.
A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges
答案：B
解析：expense“(时间、精力、金钱等的)消耗，花销，费用”。根据上下文的“One thousand dollars a month”可判断出“一千美元虽然不是一大笔钱，但够生活之用”。

25. (2007辽宁) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _______ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
答案：B
解析：lack“缺乏”。根据常识可判断出健康问题与不良饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼有关。