2019北京高考英语试题及参考答案
伟大的成绩和辛勤劳动是成正比例的，有一分劳动就有一分收获，日积月累，从少到多，奇迹就可以创造出来。下面给大家带来一些关于2019北京高考英语试题及参考答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019北京高考英语试题
英 语
(考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题：每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies inmy stomach. I 1 (voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I makefriends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I havelived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real ously 2 (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simplewords “Be yourself”.
B
Earth Day， 4 (mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise publicawareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970，the Day nowincludes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what youlike to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—thepossibilities are endless.
C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on thequestion 7 (suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do atcollege seems to matter much more than 8 they go. The students benefitting mostfrom college are those 9 are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking fulladvantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have aproper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10(meaning)college experience.
第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make surelow-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes ontime.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 11 free rides to collegestudents for the past eight years. Since he first started 12 his car to theyoung people. Wilson has 13 am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countlesspleasant and often humorous 14 with the students he transports to and fromschool. The students who he's 15 have gone on to become physicians, teachers andengineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding arole model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern 17 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and thetrips meant much more to her than just free 18 . "It's not just a ride;you'renot just sitting there in 19 silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said.“He asks you questions and actually 20 the answers, so the next time you ridewith him, he'll 21 those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of thenon-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 22 asks the membersonly to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 23 to ensurethe welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems withregistration.
Wilson is there to 24 them. If they run out of certain daily on will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a studentgets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 25 to buy them ameal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's alsoentirely 26 for them to be able to complete their college education. Somestudents don't have a reliable car, while others have to 27 vehicles withparents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 28 them tocomplete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as muchfrom the 29 . “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It'ssuch a(n) 30 to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours,getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering
13. A. paved B. coveredC. measured D. wandered
14. A. arguments B. interviewsC. negotiationsD. wandered
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressed D. conversations
16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already
17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transportation B. styleC. timeD. communication
19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious
20. A. selects B. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on
22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme
23. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards
24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment
30. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want to explore new cultures，meet new people and do something worthwhile atthe same time? You can do all the three with Global DevelopmentAssociation(GDA)ever stage of life you're at，wherever you go and whateverproject you do in GDA，you'll create positive changes in a poor and remotecommunity(社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteersare aged we need volunteer managers aged are extremelyimportant in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have suchroles as project managers，mountain leaders，and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community'saccess to safe drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. Youmight also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'llalso learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chancesto meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local projectpartners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote thedevelopment of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteermanager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to thecommunities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website:
is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
A. To seek local partners B take in young volunteers
C. To carry out programmes D. To foster cultural awareness
32. The programme beginning in August will operate in
A. Egypt B. AlgeriaC. Kenya D. South Afria
shared goal of GDA’s projects to
A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need
B
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up herbusiness AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions ofdollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids'teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she wasoffered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were badfor her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired toget round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for myteeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked herdad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do someresearch and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching onlineand conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which canreduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards,she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarketowner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a youngentrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's alsopositive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have aclean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normalteenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn'tdriven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help othersfind their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. Withher talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit forAlice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention.D. She chose to consult dentists.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health.B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies.D. It is produced to a dentists'recipe.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money.B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse topick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year，half of the calls wereceive will be scams(欺诈) are finally waking up to the severity of theproblem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approachesintended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately，it's toolittle，too late. By the time these “solutions"(解决方案)become widelyavailable，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future，it'snot just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actuallyreal.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) andautomation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone touse this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology ableto produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak toa receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocallsmuch worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amountthan precision A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has led toa situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ，and far d with this knowledge. they're able to carry out individually targetedcampaigns to cheat people. This means. for example，that a scammer could call youfrom what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice thatsounds exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into "confirming " youraddress，mother's name，and card number. Scammers follow money，so companies willbe the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of itis based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologiesmay weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phonecarriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining andcommunicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way tomark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by. or abandoningphone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using appslike Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only goingto harder from here on out.
38. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem ofrobecalls?
A. Panicked.B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
39. taking advantage of the new technologies，scammer can______.
A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread information widely
40. What does the passage imply?
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. Technologies can be double-edited.
C. There are more solutions than problems.
D. Credibility holds the key to development.
41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Roboealls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
D
By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world's oceans will be bluerand greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，thesephytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colourvaries from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration ofphytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in someareas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean'sappearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbondioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organismsdie，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps toregulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean'swarming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affectphytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide togrow，but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global ChangeScience，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout thecentury. In a world that warms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to thecolour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areaswith little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such asthose of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，andthese areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton inthe ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”
42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
43. What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probablymean?
A. Sensitive.B. BeneficialC. Significant D. Unnoticeable
44. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most peoplebelieve the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the mosttalented individuals. 46 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Istheir money well spent?
47 They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixedFor football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a goodmethod，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent;abovethat level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trendisn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improvingthe team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which agood performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.48 In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent onteammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performancewill suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will havepositive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If abasketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，hemay take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to ateammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play teamsports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.” 49
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，someplayers may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever aperson is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
50 A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous Bplayers as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers'attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle ofsportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sportsworld.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the besttalent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football andbasketball.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.交通出行;
2.必备衣物。
注意：
1.词数不少于50;
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
Yours,
Li Hua
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermelon
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
1. voiced2. facing3. myself4. marked5. in
6. activities7. suggests/suggested/has suggested8. where
9. who/that10. meaningful
第二部分 阅读理解
11. C12. D13. B14. D15. B
16. A17. B18. A19. B20. D
21. C22. D23. C24. A25. D
26. C27. A28. B29. A30. C
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)
31. C32. D33. D34. B35. A
36. B37. C38. D39. A40. B
41. C42. B43. A44. D45. C
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
46. B47. E48. G49. D50. F
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节(15分)
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China.
I suggest that you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around. Tianjinwill be your next stop. After that, you can go to Shanghai, where you can stayfor a week. You can take high-speed trains to both cities.
Summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus anumbrella with you.
Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(20分)
一、 内容要点
宣传动员 2. 准备行李 3. 体验劳动 4. 回家分享
二、 范文
One possible version:
Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs.
At the class meeting, our teacher told us about the programme with thetheme “Working is most beautiful”. And he stressed the importance of workingwith our own hands.
When I got home, I packed up my luggage for the trip.
On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realised how hardit was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
When I came back home, I shared my experiences with my parents. And theywere very proud of me.
