重大生育突破:人类卵子首次在实验室中完全成熟

Human eggs have been fully grown in a laboratory for the first time in what has been hailed as a major fertility breakthrough. Scientists removed egg cells from ovary tissue from girls at their earliest stage of development and grew them to the point at which they are ready for fertilisation.

人类卵子首次在实验室中完全成熟，被认为是一项重大生育突破。女孩子发育初期，科学家从她们的卵巢组织中取出卵细胞，并将其培育成可生育的卵子。

The removal of ovarian tissue is currently carried out for child cancer sufferers about to undergo treatment such as chemotherapy which could make them infertile. At the moment the eggs need to stored and reimplanted in later life but this risks reintroducing the cancer.

目前正在对患癌症的儿童进行卵巢组织切除，她们即将接受化疗类的治疗，这些治疗或导致她们不孕不育。目前，需要存储这些卵子，后期可将其重新植入人体，但这样做的风险是：再次引入癌症。

Scientists say this could lead to the fertility of young cancer patients being saved in future. They are now applying for permission to fertilise the eggs in the lab. Lead researcher Professor Evelyn Telfer, of the University of Edinburgh's school of biological sciences, said: "Being able to fully develop human eggs in the lab could widen the scope of available fertility treatments."

科学家表示年轻癌症患者的生育能力或能得以保留，以备后用。目前，科学家正在申请，以期获得在实验室给卵子受精的允许。首席研究员、爱丁堡大学生物科学学院的教授艾芙琳·特尔佛说道："能在实验中培育出完全成熟的卵子或能扩大现有生育治疗的范围。"

"We are now working on optimising the conditions that support egg development in this way and studying how healthy they are. We also hope to find out, subject to regulatory approval, whether they can be fertilised."

"我们正努力优化环境以支持用这种方式培育卵子，同时也在研究这些卵子的健康状况。我们希望在监管部门批准的情况下，发现这些卵子能否受精。"

Scientists developed substances in which eggs could be grown, known as culture mediums, to support each stage of cell development. Their findings, using tissue donated by women who were undergoing routine surgery, built on 30 years of research.

科学家开发了可以生长卵子的物质，也就是培养基，以支持细胞发育的每个阶段。他们的研究结果建立在30年的研究基础之上：利用女性捐赠的组织（这些女性当时正在进行常规手术）。

In previous studies scientists had developed mouse eggs to produce live offspring. Dr Channa Jayasena, of Imperial College London, said: "Only mature eggs can be fertilised into a baby."

在先前的研究中，科学家开发了小鼠卵子以培养活的后代。伦敦帝国理工学院的钱娜·贾亚塞纳博士说道："只有成熟的卵子才能受精，生出小孩。"

"This is an important piece of work, demonstrating for the first time that human eggs can be grown to maturity in a laboratory. It would take several years to translate this into a therapy. However, this is an important breakthrough, which could offer hope to women with infertility in the future." The latest study, published in Molecular Human Reproduction, is the first time a human egg has been developed in the lab from its earliest stage to full maturity.

"这是一份重要的工作，首次证明人类卵子可以在实验室中完全成熟。还需要几年的时间才能将其转化为治疗方法。但这是一次重大突破。在将来，或许能给无法生育的女性带来希望。"最新的研究发表在Molecular Human Reproduction期刊上，首次在实验室将人类卵子从最初阶段培养至成熟阶段。