中国核电工业营销信息令人困惑
China’s domestic nuclear rivalries are spilling overseas as state-owned rivals jostle to promote their reactor designs despite Beijing’s efforts to present a united front.
中国国内核电企业之间的角力正蔓延到海外。相互竞争的国有企业竞相推介自己的反应堆设计，尽管中国政府正努力展现一个统一战线。
China’s State Council, or cabinet, this month formally approved the first Hualong 1 reactor, to be built in coastal Fujian Province. Successfully constructing the Hualong 1 will bring China into the elite club of countries exporting reactors.
中国国务院本月正式批准在沿海的福建省建设首座“华龙1号”反应堆。成功建成华龙1号将使中国跻身于核反应堆出口国的精英俱乐部。China National Nuclear Corp already has agreements to build six reactors in Pakistan but a framework agreement to build a Hualong 1 reactor in Argentina would be the first overseas example of China’s indigenous prowess.
中国核工业集团(CNNC)已有在巴基斯坦建设6座反应堆的协议，但在阿根廷建设一座华龙1号反应堆的框架协议，将是在海外展现中国自主技术实力的首个例证。
“This project will change the environment for our indigenous reactors and will promote the national strategy of ‘going out’ with the nuclear industry,” Xing Ji, CNNC vice-general manager, said last week.
“这个项目将改变我国自主技术反应堆的大环境，推进核电工业‘走出去’的国家战略，”中国核电工程公司(CNPE)副总经理邢继上周表示。China plans to complete eight reactors this year. It has 26 under construction, as part of its programme to develop 58GW of nuclear generating capacity by 2020. A four-year suspension of new approvals after the meltdown of a tsunami-hit reactor in Fukushima, Japan, in 2011 resulted in a 7 per cent dip in nuclear investment in China last year, to Rmb56.9bn ($9.2bn).
中国计划在今年建成8座反应堆。目前全国有26座反应堆在建，这是到2020年投运58GW核电装机容量的计划的一部分。2011年日本福岛核电站在遭受海啸袭击后发生堆芯熔毁，促使中国在之后四年暂停批准新项目，这导致去年中国核电投资下降7%，至569亿元人民币（合92亿美元）。The delay allowed regulators to make Chinese-designed “third-gener-ation” reactors a priority that could eventually represent the Chinese industry overseas. Critics say China’s plans to beef up nuclear power generation at home would be better served by constructing familiar second-generation plants. “We tend to be more interested in new things and lack enthusiasm for the old, but in the nuclear industry we must balance the two,” warned Li Ganjie, vice-minister of the environment.
推迟新项目上马让监管机构将中国设计的“第三代”反应堆列为工作重点，使其最终有望在海外代表中国核电工业。批评人士表示，建设技术上成熟的第二代核电站，可能会对中国发展国内核电的计划起到更大帮助。“我们往往对新的东西更感兴趣，而对老的技术缺乏热情，但在核工业，我们必须权衡两者，”中国环保部副部长李干杰警告称。
