巴黎恐怖袭击加剧美国反移民情绪
Just as the top EU official for migration was urging the White House to be “more generous” in accepting Syrian refugees, Paris was struck by a series of attacks that immediately boosted political opposition to his pitch.
就在欧盟负责移民事务的最高官员敦促美国政府“更大方地”接收叙利亚难民之际，他的这一论调因巴黎遭受的一系列恐怖袭击而在顷刻之间面临更强烈的政治反对。
As in some other countries, the massacres have been co-opted by critics of refugee policy. The US in September agreed to accept 10,000 Syrian refugees over the next year, up from 1,500, under pressure from Europe.
像其他一些国家一样，这场大屠杀在美国也成为难民政策批评者炒作的题材。9月份，在欧洲的施压下，美国答应在接下来的一年里接收1万名叙利亚难民（原先是1500名）。
The fear that terrorists could enter the US masked as refugees was exacerbated after a Syrian passport was found near the body of one of the attackers. Many of the Republican presidential contenders and other party members now want the White House to scrap or defer the Syrian refugee programme.
在巴黎警方发现一名袭击者的尸体旁有一本叙利亚护照后，人们更加担心恐怖分子可能佯装成难民进入美国。目前，很多共和党总统参选人和其他党员都希望白宫取消或推迟收容叙利亚难民的计划。
Frank Luntz, a pollster, said the refugee issue and its impact on the immigration debate in the 2016 campaign would be significant, particularly for the Republicans. But he said both parties were “stoking it for their own political purposes”.
民意调查专家弗兰克伦茨(Frank Luntz)称，在2016年选战中，难民议题及其对移民辩论的影响将是重头戏，特别是对共和党而言。但他表示，两党都会“出于自身的政治目的而煽动这件事”。
Robert Bentley, the Republican governor of Alabama, on Sunday said he would oppose any efforts to place refugees in the southern state.
美国南部阿拉巴马州的州长、共和党人罗伯特本特利(Robert Bentley)上周日称，他将反对一切在该州安置难民的努力。
“After full consideration of this weekend’s attacks of terror on innocent citizens in Paris, I will oppose any attempt to relocate Syrian refugees to Alabama,” said Mr Bentley. “I will not stand complicit to a policy that places the citizens of Alabama in harm’s way.”
“在全面考虑了上周末针对巴黎无辜平民的恐怖袭击后，我将反对一切在阿拉巴马州安置叙利亚难民的企图。”本特利称，“我不会成为将阿拉巴马州公民置于险境的政策的合谋者。”
Ben Carson, the retired brain surgeon leading the Republican field with Donald Trump, said allowing refugees from the Middle East into the US was a “huge mistake”.
与唐纳德礠朗普(Donald Trump)一起在共和党总统候选人阵营中领跑的退休脑外科医生本愠森(Ben Carson)称，允许中东难民进入美国是一个“巨大的错误”。
“Why wouldn’t [terror groups] infiltrate them with people who are ideologically opposed to us?” he said. “To bring them here under these circumstances is a suspension of intellect.”
“（恐怖组织）为什么不把在意识形态上反对我们的人混入难民之中？”他说，“在这种情况下让他们来这里是大脑短路的行为。”
Mr Trump said it was “insane” that Mr Obama wanted to accept 250,000 refugees, exaggerating the number. After previously saying the US should accept more refugees because of the “unbelievable humanitarian problem”, he has since said he would deport all Syrians if he became president.
特朗普表示，奥巴马欲接收25万难民（数字被夸大了）简直是“疯了”。特朗普此前表示，美国应该接收更多难民，因为这是一个“非同寻常的人道主义问题”。但他后来已改口称，如果他当选总统，将驱逐所有叙利亚人。
While some Republicans are playing the xenophobia card to rally the base, all the party’s contenders worry about the US’s ability to screen refugees.
虽然打仇外牌来积攒人气的是部分共和党人，但该党所有的总统候选人都担心美国是否有能力筛查难民。
“We won’t be able to take more refugees. It’s not that we don’t want to, it’s that we can’t,” said Marco Rubio, the Cuban-American senator. “There’s no way to background check someone that’s coming from Syria. Who do you call and do a background check on them?”
“我们没能力接收更多难民，不是我们不想接收，而是我们没能力，”古巴裔参议员马尔科脠比奥(Marco Rubio)称，“我们没有办法对正从叙利亚来的某个人进行背景调查。你给谁打电话来对他们做背景调查？”
Ben Rhodes, deputy national security adviser, rejected those claims, saying authorities had “very extensive screening procedures”. But some officials in charge of vetting applicants have conceded that there is a risk of infiltration.
美国副国家安全顾问本圠祿(Ben Rhodes)不认可这些说法，称当局有“非常广泛的筛查程序”。但一些负责审查申请者的官员承认，的确存在渗透的风险。
James Comey, FBI director, recently told Congress that while there were challenges screening Iraqi refugees, the process was tougher for Syria. “The only thing we can query is information that we have. So, if we have no information on someone, they’ve never crossed our radar screen . . . it will be challenging,” he said.
美国联邦调查局(FBI)局长詹姆斯科米(James Comey)最近告诉国会，虽然说筛查伊拉克难民存在一些挑战，但筛查叙利亚难民的难度更大。“我们唯一能够提出问题的东西就是我们已经拥有的信息。因此，如果我们不掌握某个人的信息，他们从未出现在我们的雷达屏幕上……这就难办了，”他表示。
Protests have flared around the US over the issue. Some counties in South Carolina have passed resolutions against the so-called “Refugee Resettlement Project”. While some concerns have been sparked by the rise of Isis and images of Syrians fleeing into Europe, there have been cases, including one in Kentucky, where refugees in the US were convicted of providing support for terrorists.
美国各地围绕这个问题已经爆发了抗议。南卡罗来纳州的一些县已通过决议，反对所谓的“难民安置计划”。一些忧虑是由ISIS的崛起以及逃入欧洲的叙利亚人的形象引发的，还有一些是因为一些进入美国的难民被判定向恐怖分子提供支持，包括肯塔基州的一个案子。
In the wake of the Paris attacks, the White House is caught between European allies who want the US to bear a bigger burden and Republicans who say the administration must prioritise citizens’ safety.
巴黎遇袭后，白宫被夹在了一个左右为难的境地中——一边是希望美国承担更大责任的欧洲盟友，另一边是申明美国政府必须以公民安全为先的共和党人。
It has also forced a wedge between Democrats and Republicans. During the Democratic presidential debate on Saturday, Hillary Clinton, former secretary of state, and Martin O’Malley, former Maryland governor, both said the US should accept 65,000 Syrian refugees as long as they were properly vetted. Mr O’Malley said that was “akin to making room for 6.5 more people in a baseball stadium with 32,000”.
此事还在民主党和共和党之间打下了一个楔子。在上周六的民主党总统候选人辩论中，前国务卿希拉里克林顿(Hillary Clinton)和马里兰州前州长马丁攠汙利(Martin O’Malley)都表示，美国应接收6.5万名叙利亚难民，只要他们经过了适当的审查。奥马利表示，这“类似于在一个能容纳3.2万人的棒球场里再给6.5个人腾出一些位置”。
Larry Sabato, a University of Virginia politics expert, said the attacks would make Republicans “even more anti-immigration” and force more moderate candidates, such as Mr Rubio and Jeb Bush, to take a tougher stance, which could hurt the party’s standing with non-white voters in the general election. But he said the Democrats also faced a conundrum since it was “hard to see how they can continue to support absorbing 10,000 Syrians into the US”.
弗尼吉亚大学(University of Virginia)政治专家拉里萨巴托(Larry Sabato)表示，此次袭击会使共和党人“更加反移民”，并迫使鲁比奥和杰布布什(Jeb Bush)等较温和的总统候选人采取更强硬的立场，这可能会在大选中伤及共和党在非白人选民心中的声望。但他表示，民主党人也面临一个难题，因为“很难看出他们如何能够继续支持美国接收1万名叙利亚难民”。
