明仁天皇对日本战争行为深刻反省
Emperor Akihito has expressed “deep remorse” for Japan’s wartime actions, marking the 70th anniversary of the end of the second world war with language that deviated from previous years.
日本明仁天皇(Emperor Akihito)对日本的战时行为表示“深刻反省”。天皇在纪念第二次世界大战结束70周年时所用的措辞与往年有所不同。
The 81-year-old emperor‘s words of regret were delivered following a minute’s silence at noon. At the same moment in 1945, his father Hirohito announced Japan’s surrender.
在正午默哀一分钟后，现年81岁的天皇发表了表示悔意的讲话。1945年的此时此刻，他的父亲裕仁天皇(Hirohito)宣布日本投降。
“Reflecting on our past and bearing in mind the feelings of deep remorse over the last war, I earnestly hope that the ravages of war will never be repeated,” the emperor said on Saturday. The ceremony in Tokyo to remember the war dead was also attended by Empress Michiko and Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
“在回顾过去、对先前战争深刻反省的基础上，我殷切期盼战争惨祸不再重演，”天皇在上周六表示。美智子皇后(Empress Michiko)和安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)首相也出席了在东京举行的纪念战死者的仪式。
The emperor’s words were closely watched this year as Mr Abe is seeking to reinterpret Japan’s pacifist constitution to make it easier for its armed forces to fight. On the eve of the 70th anniversary, Mr Abe issued a statement in which he stopped short of giving his own clear apology. He upheld the forms of past statements of remorse, but said the country did not intend to keep apologising for ever.
天皇的讲话今年受到密切关注，因为安倍晋三正寻求重新解释日本的和平宪法，放宽对自卫队投入战斗的约束。在二战结束70周年前夕，安倍发表了他的声明，其中没有表示明确的道歉。他在形式上维持了过去的反省声明，但表示日本不打算永远道歉下去。
Every year on Aug 15, the emperor has stuck to the same script using the phrase “deep sorrow.” But it is believed to be the first time that he used the word “remorse” for the annual speech. His statement was also longer this year with new wording on the public’s commitment to peace.
每年8月15日，天皇都在讲话中使用“深深悲痛”这个措辞。但据信这是他第一次在年度演讲中使用“反省”一词。今年他的演讲篇幅也更长，在日本公众向往和平这一点上有新的表述。
“Seventy years have passed since the end of the war, and our country today enjoys peace and prosperity, thanks to the ceaseless efforts made by the people of Japan towards recovery from the devastation of the war and towards development, always backed by their earnest desire for the continuation of peace,” the emperor said.
“战争结束已经过去了70年，今天我们的国家享有和平与繁荣，这要归功于日本人民对于战后重建、对于发展作出的不懈努力，支撑他们坚持下去的始终是他们对于保持和平的真诚愿望，”天皇表示。
While the emperor is forbidden by constitution from having a political role, he has on several occasions expressed remorse for the war and used language that appeared to be more conciliatory to China and South Korea.
尽管宪法禁止天皇扮演任何政治角色，但明仁天皇已几次对战争表示反省，并使用看起来对中国和韩国更为安抚性的措辞。
On Saturday, three cabinet ministers visited the Yasukuni shrine in Tokyo, which honours Japan’s war dead including some convicted of war crimes. Mr Abe did not visit the shrine and only sent his ritual offering in an apparent bid to avoid causing tension with neighbouring countries.
上周六，三位内阁部长级官员参拜了东京的靖国神社(Yasukuni shrine)，这里供奉着日本的战争亡灵，包括一些被判有罪的战犯。安倍本人没有参拜靖国神社，只是向靖国神社献上了“玉串料”（祭祀费），显然是为了避免造成与邻国的紧张局势。
South Korean president Park Geun-hye said on Saturday that Mr Abe’s speech left much “to be desired” and contained “regrettable elements.” Hua Chunying, a spokeswoman for the Chinese foreign ministry, said “Japan should have made an explicit statement on the nature of the war of militarism and aggression and its responsibility on the wars.”
韩国总统朴槿惠(Park Geun-hye)上周六表示，安倍的讲话有很多地方“不够好”，并含有“令人遗憾的元素”。中国外交部发言人华春莹表示，“日本理应对那场军国主义侵略战争的性质和战争责任作出清晰明确的交代。”
In his statement, Mr Abe did not refer directly to the suffering of so-called comfort women who were forced into prostitution by Japan’s army during the war, but he did make a fresh acknowledgment of the sexual violence that accompanied the war.
安倍晋三在他的讲话中没有直接提及慰安妇的苦难（这些妇女在战争期间被日本军队强迫提供性服务），但他确实对战争期间的性暴力作出了新的承认。
Isao Tokoro, professor emeritus at Kyoto Sangyo University and an imperial family expert, said the emperor’s words were not meant to have any political implications. But he added the 70th anniversary marked a “turning point” where the emperor felt compelled to use clearer language to express his feelings for the war.
京都产业大学(Kyoto Sangyo University) 名誉教授、皇室专家所功(Isao Tokoro)表示，天皇的话本意不是要具有任何政治含义。但他补充说，战争结束70周年标志着一个“转折点”，天皇觉得不得不使用更清晰的语言来表达自己对那场战争的感想。
“The emperor wanted to mark this turning point with his deepest hope that people will reflect on the war with remorse and think seriously about peace,” Mr Tokoro said.
“天皇在纪念这个转折点时，最深切地希望人民以反省的心情反思那场战争，认真思考和平，”所功表示。
