犹太人在法国有未来吗?

There is no future for Jews in France as long as Europeans refuse to confront the tacit acceptance of violence by many of the continent's Muslims.

只要欧洲人一天拒绝面对他们对其大陆上众多穆斯林的暴力行径听之任之的态度，在法国的犹太人就没有未来。

That an assault on Jews would follow an assault on cartoonists came as no surprise. Indeed, there was a grim, if not explicitly expressed, foreboding in the aftermath of Thursday's attacks on the French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo that the Jews would come next. For satirists and Jews are markers of modernity, and it is modernity that the Islamists who committed these heinous atrocities detest most. It was tragically fitting, then, that one of their first victims would have been Ahmed Merabet, a French Muslim police officer posted to guard the offices of Charlie Hebdo. Here, in one horrible act, was the beauty of Western coexistence and secularism over the 7th century hell these monsters want to drag us back: a Muslim police officer giving his life to protect cartoonists who had come under threat for mocking Islam.

在对讽刺漫画家的袭击之后，对犹太人的袭击接踵而至毫不意外。事实上，即便没有明确的表明，在周四对法国讽刺新闻杂志查理周刊的袭击余波中就已经隐含着某种残酷的预示，犹太人将成为恐怖分子的下一个目标。因为讽刺作家和犹太人同为现代化的标识，而现代化恰恰是那些犯下这些可恶暴行的穆斯林们所最最厌恶的。而接下来，悲剧性的巧合是，在他们杀死的第一批受害者中，有一位正是被派去保护查理周刊的法国穆斯林警官默罕默德马拉比特。在这样一场一个穆斯林警察为了保护因讽刺伊斯兰教而受到威胁的漫画家们而献出生命的恐怖行动中，我们看到了西方共存主义和世俗主义之美，而这些恐怖主义禽兽想将我们拉回到7世纪时期的地狱中去。

The Paris neighborhood of the Marais has long been home to both the city's vibrant gay and Orthodox Jewish communities. A resident of the Marais once playfully told me that, looking out his door every morning, he unfailingly sees “a heavily bearded man dressed in black” on one side and “a heavily bearded man dressed in tighter black” on another - the leather crowd at times indistinguishable from the ultra-religious one. Whatever their many differences, the two groups have co-existed peacefully for decades, lending the Marais a distinct charm and color.

巴黎玛莱附近的街区一直以来都是这座城市中充满活力的同性恋者和极端正统的犹太社团的聚集地。一位住在玛莱区的居民曾开玩笑的告诉我说，每天早上从他的门口向外看去，总能看见一个身着黑衣的大胡子男人在街的一边，而另一边则会看到一个同样身着黑衣的大胡子男人，只是他的黑衣是紧身的 - 在这里那些身着皮衣的同性恋们常常难以同那些极端虔诚的犹太教徒们区分开来。不管这两个团体之间存在着多少差异，他们在这一地区几十年来都一直和平相处，这也形成了玛莱区独特的魅力和色彩。

Upon hearing about yesterday's events in Paris—the murder of four hostages at a kosher grocery and the subsequent shuttering of Jewish institutions across the city, the gory sequel to Thursday's slaughter of 12 people at Charlie Hebdo offices—my thoughts turned immediately to an evening last September when I was strolling through the Marais' windy and narrow streets. I came across the Notre Dame de Nazareth synagogue, a grand, 19th century building constructed in the Moorish revival style that serves the city's Sephardic Jews, those who come from North Africa.

听说了昨天发生在巴黎的事件---一家犹太食品店内4名人质被害，随后城内的犹太机构关闭，周四查理周刊办公室12名人员被害的血淋漓续集，我的思绪立即回到了去年9月份发生的一件事，当时我正漫步走过玛黑区狭窄而多风的街道，正好经过拿撒勒的圣母院教堂，这是一座建于19世纪的摩尔式复古风格的大教堂，专为那些来自北非的西班牙系犹太人服务。

The rabbi happened to be walking out of the synagogue with his wife. After dispensing with the facts of my Jewish background and American citizenship, I promptly asked, "What's the situation?” Our shared patrimony obviated any need for further elaboration; as a European Jew addressing an American one, he knew exactly at what I was aiming. "There is no future for Jews in France," he said.

拉比正巧和他的妻子走出教堂。对我的犹太背景和美国国籍暂且不提，我脱口而问：“情况怎么样？”我们骨子里共同的东西不需要更多的言语解释，一名欧洲犹太人和一名美国人的对话心有灵犀，他对我的目的心知肚明：“在法国的犹太人没有未来，”他说。

If the Rabbi is right, and I fear he is, than it means that there is no future for Jews in Europe. For France is home to the continent's largest Jewish community, numbered at over half a million. But it is declining rapidly. Emigration to Israel from France doubled in 2014 from 3,400 to 7,000 people. According to Israel's Ministry of Aliyah and Immigrant Absorption, the number of Jews leaving Western Europe for the Jewish State increased 88 percent last year. These numbers do not fully account for the Jewish flight from Europe, as significant numbers are leaving for America and other lands. This week's events will surely lead to even higher rates of emigration.

如果拉比说得没错的话，我恐怕他的意思应该是欧洲的犹太人没有未来。因为法国是欧洲大陆的最大犹太社区所在地，犹太人数超过了50万。但这个数字正在急剧下降。从法国移民到以色列的人数2014年比2013年数量增加了1倍，从3400人增加到了7000人。根据以色列移民吸收部的数据，去年离开西欧前往犹太国家的人口数量增加了88%。这些数字还不包括飞离欧洲的犹太人，因为大量犹太人去了美国和其它国家。本周的事件将导致移民比率的大幅增加

It is hard to deal with a problem, however, when you studiously avoid naming it. This is a curious characteristic of Europe's anti-Semitism predicament, in which too many are hesitant to identify victims and perpetrators, that is, when they even concede that such categories exist. Writing live from the hostage scene for the Jewish website Tablet yesterday, French journalist Marc Weitzmann noted that, "On TV and on the radio up to this moment, no one—no one—is mentioning or discussing that the hostages are Jews. No one. It's strange."

当你故意避免提到某个问题时，问题更加难以解决。这是欧洲反犹太主义困境的一个令人好奇的特点，在这里太多人不愿意指出受害者和肇事者，即使他们承认这类人的存在。昨天为犹太网站Tablet现场报道人质现场的法国记者马克·威兹曼注意到：“至今电视和广播媒体没人，一个人也没有，提到或者议论说人质是犹太人。一个人也没有，这太奇怪了。

Weitzmann then shared this chilling anecdote regarding the attack on Charlie Hebdo. "I spoke to a person who teaches history in a high school in one of the suburban Cités," Weitzmann wrote. "He told me that this is a complete disaster. Teachers are afraid to mention the events. He told me that in his school, students are asking to debate the massacre—and they are justifying it. Thirteen-year-olds, 14-year-olds saying, 'You shouldn't insult the Prophet. The killing is justified.'"

威兹曼把关于这次袭击事件的令人心寒的故事分享到了《查理周刊》。“我与一名巴黎市郊的高中历史教师交谈过，”， 威兹曼写道：“他说这完全是一个灾难。教师们不敢提及这些事件。他告诉我在他所在的学校，学生们要求讨论屠杀事件，他们认为这是正当的。13,4岁的孩子们都说，'你们不能侮辱先知。屠杀是伸张正义'。”

Rather than focus on alarming views that appear to be prevalent among young French Muslims, many in the media would rather talk about the inevitable “backlash” that Muslims will endure. Concomitant with nearly every story about jihadism in Europe is a warning about the far right taking political advantage of the situation.

很多媒体人不是把焦点集中在年轻的法国穆斯林当中流行的一些令人堪忧的想法上，他们宁肯讨论穆斯林所要忍受的不可避免的“反击”。 在欧洲跟随每一次圣战后而来的都是对极右翼利用政治形势的警告。

As if by rote, The New York Times could not help but insert early into its story about yesterday's terror that the events "set off soul-searching about the integration of Muslims in France's impoverished immigrant suburbs." But it is not French assimilation policies (or the lack thereof) that are to blame for this week's deadly acts. There are plenty of "impoverished immigrants" all over the world who do not condone, never mind perpetrate, acts of violence over cartoons. And 72 peecent of French people, according to Pew Research, have a "favorable" impression of Muslims, putting the lie to the claim that France is "Islamophobic."

纽约时报在对昨天恐怖袭击的报道前面按部就班的插入道，这次事件引发了人们对于穆斯林在法国郊外贫困移民区的融合性问题的深思。但本周的致命事件并不应该归咎于法国的民族融合政策（或其缺乏）。世界各地有许多贫困移民，他们不会宽恕因漫画而引发的暴力行为，更别提他们自己会去做这样的事情了。根据Pew研究机构的调查，法国72%的民众表示对穆斯林仍抱"积极正面"的态度，这表明法国有“伊斯兰恐惧症”的说法是一个谎言。

What's responsible for this week's murders in France is the same thing that's responsible for the murder of some 2,000 innocent people in Nigeria, and over 100 students in Peshawar: violent Islamism. It is an ideology that is to blame, an ideology that is embraced by millions of people, many of whom have no intention of committing violence against infidels, heretics and other enemies of the faith but nonetheless tacitly condone it. And it is this ideology—not a phantom neo-Nazism—that is driving today's Jews out of Europe.

本周法国谋杀案的元凶与谋害尼日利亚近2000名无辜民众和白沙瓦100多名学生的元凶相同：即暴力伊斯兰主义。因此我们要谴责的是一种意识形态，一种为千万民众所接受的意识形态，而接受的这些人中，大多数并无意对不信教者或异教徒或任何其信仰上得敌人施加暴力，相反他们选择默默地宽恕。将当今的犹太人一步步赶出欧洲的正是这样一种意识形态，而不是所谓的新纳粹主义幽灵。

"The Jewish community feels itself on the edge of a seething volcano," says Shimon Samuels, the Paris-based Director of International Relations for the Simon Wiesenthal Center. "A culture of excuse exonerates the perpetrators as 'disaffected, alienated, frustrated, unemployed.' No other group of frustrated unemployed has resorted to such behavior. Until politicians and media define the problem as jidahism remote-controlled from mosques in France and not only the Middle-East the cancer will not be isolated and destroyed."

“犹太人社区感觉自己正坐在即将喷发的火山上，“西蒙·维森塔尔中心在巴黎的国际关系主任Shimon Samuels说。”宽恕的文化认为这些人是“愤愤不平的，被疏远的，失意的和失业的，所以才犯下了这些罪行。”但是其他失业的和失意的人群并没有诉诸这种暴力行为。除非政治家和媒体将这些问题定义为从法国清镇市里远程控制的圣战行为，不仅仅从中东进行远程控制，否则我们将无法隔绝和摧毁这个癌症。

The longer this unwillingness to name and confront the problem goes on, the more succor well meaning elites inadvertently lend to those who would paint the world's Muslims with one single, simple, bigoted, broad brush. Yes, extreme right parties like France's National Front will likely benefit from the events of this week. But their rise has been fostered as much by the unwillingness of many mainstream politicians, on both left and right, to speak clearly about the challenges facing France on this front. This failure on the part of responsible political leaders has allowed irresponsible voices—like the National Front's Marinne Le Pen—to fill the void.

越是长时间的不去面对这些问题，那么善意的精英们就会在不经意间向那些抹黑全世界穆斯林的人提供更多的帮助。是的，像法国国民阵线这样的极端右翼团体可能会从本周的事件中获得好处。但是该团体的崛起在很大程度上还受到了很多主流政治家的支持，因为这些主流政治家（不管是左翼还是右翼）不愿意就法国在这方面所遇到的问题发出清晰的声音。正是因为这些政治家没有发出自己的声音，所以才让不负责任的声音有了可乘之机，比如国民阵线的Marinne Le Pen。

Things will get worse, before, or even if, they get better. "Unfortunately, it looks like the calm before the storm," the Wiesenthal Center's Samuels writes. As I read the grim headlines from Paris, I was reminded of another encounter in another European city, Berlin, specifically at the Opernplatz where the Nazis staged one of their most infamous book burnings in 1933. One of the authors whose works they incinerated was the great German poet, Heinrich Heine, whose epigraph now lines a memorial marking this historically ominous event: "That was but a prelude; where they burn books, they will ultimately burn people as well." And where they drive out and kill Jews, they will ultimately drive out and kill you, too.

在事情好转之前局势可能会变得更糟.”不幸的是,这好像是暴风雨前的平静” 维森塔尔中心(一个为了纪念在第二次世界大战中被纳粹杀害的犹太人而成立的国际人权组织)的塞缪尔写道,当我看到巴黎的可怕的消息时,我想到发生在欧洲的另一个城市柏林的与此相似的的事情,1933年,就在柏林的倍倍尔广场上,纳粹上演了他最臭名昭著的焚书事件.海因里希.海涅是德国的一位伟大的诗人,也是作品被烧者中的一员,他的碑文现在是这件不幸的历史事件的纪念性标志.”这只是一个前奏,哪里烧书的地方,最后也会烧人”并且在驱逐并杀害犹太人的地方,他们也会杀死你们。