阿富汗战争消耗美国近万亿美元

The Afghanistan war, the longest overseas conflict in American history, has cost the US taxpayer nearly $1tn and will cost several hundred billion dollars more after it officially ends this month, according to Financial Times calculations and independent researchers.

根据英国《金融时报》和独立研究者的测算，美国史上持续最久的海外冲突阿富汗战争已让美国纳税人付出近1万亿美元的代价，而且在本月正式结束后还将让美国纳税人付出几千亿美元。

About 80 per cent of the spending on the Afghanistan conflict has taken place during the presidency of Barack Obama, who sharply increased US military presence in the country after taking office in 2009. The enormous bill for the 13-year conflict, which has never been detailed by the government, is an important factor in the broader reluctance among the US public and the Obama administration to intervene militarily in other parts of the world — including sending troops back to Iraq.

阿富汗战争的支出有80%发生在巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)的总统任期内，他在2009年上台后大举增加了美国在阿富汗的军事存在。这场13年冲突的巨额账单（美国政府从未公布支出细节），是美国公众和奥巴马政府普遍不愿意在世界其他地方进行军事干预（包括将美军派回伊拉克）的一个重要因素。

John Sopko, the government’s special inspector- general for Afghanistan, whose organisation monitors the more than $100bn spent on reconstruction projects in the country, said that “billions of dollars” had been wasted or stolen on projects that made little sense. “We simply cannot lose this amount of money again,” he said. “The American people will not put up with it.”

奥巴马政府的阿富汗特别监察长约翰•索普科(John Sopko)表示，已有“数十亿美元”被白白浪费在没什么意义的项目上，或者被窃取。索普科所在的机构负责对美国在阿富汗逾1000亿美元的重建项目进行监察。“我们不能再损失这么大一笔钱了。”他说，“美国人民将无法容忍这样的事情。”

Adjusted for inflation, Mr Sopko said the amount the US had spent on reconstruction in Afghanistan was more than the cost of the Marshall Plan to rebuild western Europe.

索普科表示，经通胀调整后，美国在阿富汗重建项目上花掉的钱，已超过当年用于重建西欧的马歇尔计划(Marshall Plan)。

Since 2001, the government has appropriated $765bn for the war — most for the defence department — and a further $125bn has been spent servicing interest payments on the money borrowed to finance the war. On top of that there are medical costs, estimated to have reached $134bn for both the Iraq and Afghan wars.

自2001年以来，美国政府已累计为战争拨款7650亿美元，主要拨给国防部，还花了1250亿美元用于支付战争筹款的利息。此外还有医疗成本，预计已达到1340亿美元（包括伊拉克和阿富汗两场战争）。