美参议院报告 CIA虐囚是历史污点

The CIA repeatedly misled the White House, Congress and the US public over the torture of suspected al-Qaeda terrorists, according to a damning report by the Senate intelligence committee.

根据美国参议院(Senate)情报委员会公布的一份报告，在对基地组织(al-Qaeda)恐怖分子嫌疑人实施酷刑的问题上，美国中央情报局(CIA)曾多次误导白宫(White House)、美国国会(Congress)和美国公众。

In a fiercely critical assessment of the CIA’s use of torture in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, the report concluded the agency’s interrogations were “far more brutal” than it had told policy makers or the public and were “not effective”.

该报告对9•11袭击之后CIA的虐囚行为作出了十分严厉的评价，结论是，CIA的审讯手段比该机构告知决策者或公众的情况“残忍得多”，而且这些审讯也“并不有效”。

Torture did not lead to any intelligence about an “imminent threat” of a terrorist attack – the sort of information that had been used to justify the interrogations, the report said.

报告称，虐囚并没有让CIA获得任何关于“迫在眉睫的（恐怖袭击）威胁”的情报，而获取这类情报正是CIA使用此类审讯方式的借口。

The CIA’s use of torture was “a stain on our values and our history”, said Dianne Feinstein, the California Democrat who heads the intelligence committee and was the driving force behind the report.

加州民主党议员黛安娜•范斯坦(Dianne Feinstein)表示，CIA的刑讯逼供是“我们价值观和历史的一个污点”。范斯坦是参议院情报委员会主席，也是这份报告的幕后推动人。

Despite criticism from Bush-era officials for her decision to make public so many details about the torture programme, Ms Feinstein said the release of the report “says to our people, and to the world, that America is big enough to admit when it is wrong and confident enough to learn from its mistakes”.

多位小布什时代的官员曾批评范斯坦的决定，认为她不该让公众了解太多虐囚细节。然而范斯坦却表示，报告的公布“告诉我们的人民和全世界：美国是个足够大的国家，愿意承认自己的错误；美国也是个足够自信的国家，能够从错误中吸取教训”。

President Barack Obama said on Tuesday that CIA torture had done “significant damage to America’s standing in the world and made it harder to pursue our interests with allies and partners”.

周二，美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)表示，CIA的刑讯逼供“严重损害了美国的全球声望，令美国更难与盟国和合作伙伴一道，追求美国的利益”。

Ms Feinstein released a 525 page executive summary of the committee’s report, which took five years to prepare and is more than 6,000-pages long. The committee’s staff looked through millions of CIA documents detailing its interrogation techniques.

范斯坦就这份篇幅逾6000页、筹备历时5年的报告发布了一份525页的概要。在准备报告的过程中，情报委员会的员工曾审阅过成百万的CIA文件，这些文件详细记载了CIA的审讯手段。

The report has been the subject of an intense political dispute, with the CIA disagreeing strongly with many of its conclusions and some Republicans saying it would provide a propaganda triumph for terrorists. The Obama administration increased security at embassies and bases around the world before the report’s release.

该报告一直处于激烈的政治争论之中。CIA强烈反对报告的许多结论，部分共和党人(Republican)则表示它会令恐怖分子赢得宣传战。在报告公布之前，奥巴马政府加强了美国全球使领馆和军事基地的安保工作。

The most scathing criticism of the report came from six former directors of the CIA, including George Tenet, who ran the agency during and after 9/11. In an article in the Wall Street Journal, they called the report a “one-sided study marred by errors of fact and interpretation”.

对报告最严厉的批评来自6名CIA的前局长，包括曾经在9•11期间和之后掌管CIA的乔治•特尼特(George Tenet)。在写给《华尔街日报》(WSJ)的文章中，他们称该报告是“被事实性错误和解释性错误毁了的单方面研究报告”。

The former directors concluded: “The al-Qaeda leadership has not managed another attack on the homeland in the 13 years since, despite a strong desire to do so. The CIA’s aggressive counterterrorism policies and programs are responsible for that success.”

这些前CIA局长声称：“在9•11之后的13年里，虽然基地组织的领导层一直很想向美国本土再次发动袭击，却始终没有成功。这一成就要归功于CIA激进的反恐政策和计划。”