教宗大举改革梵蒂冈金融体系

Pope Francis has ordered a sweeping overhaul of the Vatican’s financial system, establishing a powerful new secretariat for the economy as well as a central bank.

教宗方济各(Pope Francis)已下令彻底改革梵蒂冈的金融体系，为该国经济设立一个强有力的新秘书处和一家中央银行。

The shake-up follows a report by a commission of cardinals set up last year as the Vatican tackled scandals involving allegations of corruption and money laundering at the Vatican bank and the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See (Apsa), which manages financial holdings and property.

这一重大改革出台之前，梵蒂冈的一个枢机委员会发布了一份报告。该委员会于去年成立，旨在应对涉及梵蒂冈银行(Vatican Bank)和宗座财产管理局（Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See，简称Apsa）的丑闻，有人指控这两家机构存在腐败和洗钱行为。Apsa负责管理金融资产和房产。

“The idea is to streamline the whole system, especially economic affairs, effectively appointing a minister of finance to pull everything together,” a senior Vatican official, who asked not to be identified, said. “There will be more transparency and more professional guidance.”

“此举的目的是精简整个体系，特别是经济事务，实际上任命了一个财政大臣来统筹各项事宜，”一位不愿具名的梵蒂冈高级官员说，“未来会有更大的透明度和更专业的指引。”

The Secretariat for the Economy is to “have authority over all economic and administrative activities within the Holy See and the Vatican City State”, including budget preparation, the Vatican said. It is to implement policies set by a Council for the Economy, comprising eight senior clerics and seven lay experts “with strong professional financial experience”.

梵蒂冈表示，新设立的经济秘书处(Secretariat for the Economy)将“有权管理圣座(Holy See)和梵蒂冈城国(Vatican City State)的所有经济和行政活动”，包括编列预算。该处将执行一个经济委员会(Council for the Economy)制定的政策。该委员会由8名高级神职人员以及7名“娴熟财政经济事务”的平信徒专家组成。

Cardinal George Pell, archbishop of Sydney and a member of the advisory commission, will lead the secretariat. The Argentine pontiff, who was elected last March after the abdication of Benedict, will appoint an auditor with oversight powers.

经济委员会成员、悉尼总主教乔治•佩尔枢机(Cardinal George Pell)将任经济秘书处处长。去年3月本笃十六世(Benedict XVI)辞职后当选教宗的阿根廷人方济各，将任命一名有监督权的总检核长。

As part of the shake-up, the Vatican will transform Apsa into a central bank with the Institute for Works of Religion, commonly known as the Vatican Bank, remaining a separate bank until further decisions are taken on its future role.

作为这项重大改革的一部分，梵蒂冈还将把Apsa改造为一家央行；而宗教事务研究所(Institute for Works of Religion)，即俗称的梵蒂冈银行，仍将作为一家单独的银行存在，直到梵蒂冈就该行未来扮演的角色做出进一步决定为止。