两会在即 各方人士谈最关心的问题

The View From Some Prominent Corners Of China

In the run-up to this week's big legislative meetings in Beijing, the Chinese magazine Phoenix Weekly invited 43 prominent figures from around Greater China to discuss the issues they will be paying special attention to this year. Below are selected highlights, taken from the magazine and translated by The Wall Street Journal:

Ai Weiwei, artist: People say the year 2009 was 'Year One of rights protection,' as there were so many incidents. The outbreak of this is in fact closely related to the Internet. As for me, we made efforts to demand that the government open up access to information, and we sent 67 letters to the State Council, Sichuan province and its cities and counties to request disclosure of information, and our letters contained thousands of detailed questions. Our work was thorough, but so far we haven't received a single reply. This is the issue I care about the most. I think the right of ordinary people to be informed and the transparency of politics determines whether a society can develop in a healthy and stable manner, and also it's an important symbol of modern politics....I think in 2009, there was still a lot of room to improve the problem of information disclosure, at least in some local governments. I will continue to keep a close eye on the transparency of government information in 2010

Cao Jingxing, media commentator and former TV talk show host: In China in 2010, I will pay great attention to powerful authorities at various levels as well as monopoly state-owned enterprises that have close ties with the powerful, and see whether they can be effectively contained. Over the past year, we've seen the so-called 'guojin mintui' (the state-owned sector advances while the private sector retreats) including the infringement of private ownership rights by special interest groups, and it also signifies the shrinkage of the non-public sectors of the economy. If 2010 continues like this, it would mean the end of China's reform process.

Chen Zhaohua, chief editor, Southern Metropolis Weekly: For the year 2010, I care most about 'how to properly manage the inflation forecast.' there is inflation, then it's a matter of how to solve the ongoing difficult problems, such as ensuring the survival of low-income and poor families, I hope the decision makers will supply some effective measures and solutions to deal with the possible inflation... otherwise, the issue of people's livelihoods could very possibly turn into a difficult social problem, something none of us want to see.

He Xuefeng, agricultural expert: In the year 2010, I will continue to pay attention to the issue of agricultural land, as well as issue of migrant workers who return home. I think we must improve the protection of basic human rights for farmers, and this basic human right is the freedom of farmers to go to cities and freely return to their hometowns... What we want to see is whether migrant workers are able to make a decent living in cities, with stable employment and income, and if not, we must allow them to return home.

Li Yining, economist at Peking University: The top priority for 2010 is to achieve indigenous innovation. Only with indigenous innovation can we realize industrial improvements and adjustment of industrial structures. Only if China innovates can it be competitive. And we need indigenous innovation to create a larger market and to improve the prospects of China's employment situation.

Mo Shaoping, a lawyer and rights defender, whose clients include well-known dissident Liu Xiaobo: I will continue to pay great attention to the issue of social justice. Without social justice we will never really have a prosperous country with people living in peace.

Nan Fang Shuo, (pen name for Wang Hsing-ching), a Taiwanese writer and political commentator: In 2010, I am most interested in the trade frictions between China and the U.S. It's expected that the unemployment situation in the U.S. won't improve until the end of this year, and its trade protectionism against China deserves our utmost vigilance.

Xu Xiaonian, economist at China Europe International Business School: From 2009 to this year, I have focused most on the structural adjustment of the Chinese economy under the impact of the financial financial crisis, to a large extent, has had a major impact on our traditional models and forced us to adjust our structure, but due to the execution of policies aimed at driving domestic consumption, the 'crisis' hasn't been turned into an 'opportunity', instead, economic structural adjustments have been delayed. Since we didn't adjust the structure in a timely manner, this year, our economy is likely to hit the bottom for the second time after the effect of the government's stimulus plan has worn off.

在本周中国两会即将召开之际，中文杂志《凤凰周刊》邀请了43位知名学者、专家、媒体高管和评论家等，讨论他们个人今年最关注的问题。以下是部分节选：

艾未未艾未未，艺术家：2009年，有人说是“维权元年”，事情发生得非常多。这种爆发性涌现，实际上跟互联网有很大的关系。对我来说，我们做了一个要求政府信息公开的尝试，给了国务院、四川省，以及其市县，写了六七十封要求信息公开的申请信件，含有几千个问题，问的很详尽。我们做了很认真的工作，但是没有得到一条回答。这是我最关注的问题。我认为，百姓的知情权和执政的透明度，决定了一个社会能否平稳健康发展，这是现代政治最重要的一个特征。……我认为2009年，至少在一些地方政府信息公开问题上，仍然需要改进。2010年，我关注的焦点仍然是政府信息公开。

曹景行，媒体评论家、前电视谈话节目主持人：2010年的中国，我最关注的是各级权力以及同权力结合的国有垄断企业，能不能受到有效的制约。过去一年里所谓的“国进民退”，包含着特殊利益集团对私有产权的侵犯，也意味着非公经济的萎缩，如果2010年继续如此进退，中国的改革进程就走到头了。

陈朝华，《南都周刊》主编：对2010年，我最关心的问题，是“如何管理好通胀预期”。……因此，我个人对如何抑制通胀，一旦通胀真的出现、低收入贫困家庭的生存难题如何破解等老生常谈的问题非常关注，希望决策者能未雨绸缪，拿出行之有效的应对预案，解大家后顾之忧。否则，民生问题很有可能转化为棘手的社会问题，那是大家都不愿意看到的。

贺雪峰，三农问题专家：2010年我将继续关注土地问题，也继续关注农民工返乡问题。若用人权的话语，我认为，我们必须为农民提供基本人权保障，这个基本的人权保障就是，农民可以自由进城，又可以自由返乡。……我们要看到，进城务工的农民并没有获得可以在城市体面生活下来的稳定就业和收入条件，当他们无法在城市体面生活下去时，必须要让他们可以返乡。

厉以宁，北京大学经济学家：2010年最要紧的是自主创新。因为只有自主创新、产业升级、结构调整，中国发明才有竞争力，而且只有自主创新，才能有更大的市场，中国的就业也就有了好的前途。

莫少平，律师：我对2010年中国时局的关注仍然是社会公平问题，没有社会公平就不可能有真正意义上的国泰民安！

南方朔，台湾评论家：2010年，我最关心的是“美中的贸易摩擦”问题。美国失业率估计到2010年底都不可能有效改善，对中国的保护主义的确值得警惕！

许小年，中欧国际工商学院经济学家：2009年和今年我最关注的是，在金融危机的冲击下，中国经济的结构调整。……金融危机在很大程度上冲击了我们的传统模式，迫使我们进行结构的调整，但是由于拉动内需政策的执行，“危”没有转变成“机”，只是把结构的调整又推迟了。由于结构没有及时进行调整，今年有可能在政府的“烧钱”效应过去之后经济发生二次探底。