城市化催生就业机会 Urbanization opening new doors for grads
The Central Economic Work Conference, held on Dec 15 and 16, set the tone for economic policies in 2013. According to a conference statement, urbanization is high on the government’s agenda.
于去年12月15-16日举行的中央经济工作会议为2013年经济政策奠定基调。本次会议发表申明称，政府将城市化列为首要工作之一。According to Xinhua, China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. The trend is expected to boost the job prospects of young people in the country.
据新华社报道，中国城市化将会充分释放潜在内需。这一趋势有望提升国内年轻人的就业前景。“Urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people, and provide individuals with more job opportunities,” said Peng Wensheng, chief economist at China International Capital Corporation.
中国国际金融公司首席经济学家彭文生表示：“在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提供更多的就业机会。”
Here we list some promising industries to watch under the new urbanization trend.
这里我们列出了一些在城市化趋势下前景乐观的行业:Real estate & architecture
房地产及建筑业The construction of housing and city infrastructure, including water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities.
随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设，包括水源等能源的供应将会成为城市发展的焦点问题。“The urbanization level in China is only about 50 percent. We are short of designers and engineers in the booming city construction industry, so career prospects in real estate, urban planning and architecture are great,” said Huo Ke, dean of architecture in the College of Resources and Civil Engineering at Northeastern University.
来自东北大学资源与土木工程学院建筑系的霍克（音译）主任表示：“中国的城市化水平只有50%左右。新兴城市的建筑行业继续设计师以及工程师，因此房地产，城市规划以及建筑行业的职业发展前景十分可观。”This talent shortage has made urban planning and architecture one of the most high-paying majors for university graduates.
人才缺口使得城市规划和建筑成为大学毕业生收入最高的专业之一。But high rewards come at a price. Being an urban architect is a tough job that requires effective cooperation with co-workers in extremely demanding conditions.
但是一分耕耘一分收获。城市建筑师是份苦差事，需要你和同事们在极端苛刻的条件下实现高效合作。Ni Jun, 28, is a construction designer for China Construction First Building (Group) Corporation Limited. “I often stay on construction sites for two or three months. I have to climb 20 floors to check every detail,” he said. “In the summer I need to supervise workers directly under the hot sun.”
28岁的倪俊（音译）是来自中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司的一名建筑设计师，他表示：“我经常在建筑工地上待上两三个月，我必须爬二十层楼去检查每一个细节。夏天，我要顶着烈日监工。”Public transportation
公共交通Public transportation is among the industries that will benefit most from urbanization. Engineers and designers in this field will play a big role.
公共交通是城市化进程中受益最大的行业之一。这一领域的工程师和设计师发挥着重要作用。“Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation,” said Peng.
彭文生表示：“城市化意味着可以更好地获取城市中的教育及医疗资源，但也有预测表示，私家车使用率将下降，人们更多地选择公共交通出行。”The mass construction of subways, bridges and highways is already on its way in major cities. Last month, four new subway lines came into operation in Beijing.
在国内的主要城市中，大规模的地铁、桥梁以及高速公路建设已经破土动工。上个月，北京开通了四条新地铁线路。“More cities are launching subway projects, which means we will have more contracts. We are crying out for more hands,” said Ma Tianyu, 31, an engineer with a German company that contributed to Beijing’s new subway lines.
31岁的马天宇（音译）在一家德国公司任工程师，他的公司参与了北京新地铁线的施工。马天宇说：“启动地铁项目的城市越来越多，这意味着我们将会签下更多的合同，我们求才若渴。”Supply chains & retail
供应链以及零售业The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Expanding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.
商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。Gao Shuang, 28, is a design manager at China Resources Vanguard Co Ltd in Shenzhen, which provides products and services to supermarkets. He said the number of staff in his department expanded from four to ten in the past year. The manager is still recruiting.
28岁的高双（音译）是深圳华润万家有限公司的设计经理。华润万家主要为超市提供产品和服务。他表示过去一年中自己部门的人手从四个人增加到十个人，而他仍在招聘人才中。“In the past eight years we opened 30 high-end supermarkets in China,” said Gao. “In the next four years we plan to open another 50.”
高双表示：“在过去的八年里，我们在中国开设了30家高端超市，在接下来的4年里我们计划再开50家。”There are also other expanding areas, such as the environmental sector. Pollution is an issue plaguing many urbanized areas.
还有一些领域也在不断扩张，比如环境保护。污染问题成为许多城市化地区的一块心病。“Under these circumstances, environmental protection will be promising. The country needs to boost sustainable growth,” said Li Peilin, director of the sociological research center of the Chinese Social Sciences Academy.
中国社科院社会学研究所所长李培林表示：“在这种情况下，环保行业前景可观。中国需要推动可持续发展。”
