英科学家将建超大氮气球给地球降温

It may sound like the crazed plan of a James Bond but scientists are working on a way to artificially cool the planet by reflecting sunlight away from the Earth.
　　科学家正致力研究人工降低地球温度的方法，他们试图将射向地球的太阳光线反射出去。这听起来真像是詹姆斯·邦德的疯狂计划。

In a largely theoretical field known as geo-engineering, a team of British academics is about to announce a world-first with plans to field test an artificial volcano as a solution to global warming. The concept is based on the cooling effect of volcano eruptions on the atmosphere.

一队英国学者打算实地操作试验，利用人造火山解决全球升温，这是世界地球工程学界的第一次尝试。此观念基于火山爆发对大气的冷却作用。

The eventual plan is for a helium balloon. It is anticipated that the helium balloon would have to be roughly the size of Wembley Stadium and tethered 14 miles above the Earth by a giant hose to contain the amount of chemicals required. It is hoped that the droplets of sulphates and aerosol particles will reflect the sun's energy back into space, preventing it from heating the earth.

最终决定建造一个和温布利体育场一样大的氦气球，由大软管拴在距地表14英里处，以控制化学需求总额。他们希望硫酸盐液滴和气雾粒子能够将太阳的能量反射回太空，以防止地球变暖。

Before embarking on the full project, the team will conduct feasibility tests with a miniature version. At a secret location a smaller balloon will float more than half a mile above the ground pumping water into the atmosphere, so the team can study the impact of spraying particles directly into the atmosphere.

着手整个计划之前，学者们将进行一次小型可行性试验。在一个秘密地点，一个小型氦气球将飞离地面半英里多，抽运水分入大气，小组从而研究气雾粒子直接进入大气的影响。

'We're looking at a balloon which is possibly 100-200m in diameter. It's about the same size as Wembley stadium,' Hugh Hunt, anOxford engineering lecturer, told The Guardian. 'The nice thing about it is that we can really have a knob, if you like, which we can control to adjust the rate at which we inject these particles.'

牛津大学工程讲师休·亨特告诉《英国卫报》说：“我们正在寻找一个直径约100到200米的气球，差不多和温布利球场一样大。非常棒的是我们真的可以得到一个能控制调节粒子注入大气速率的大球体。”

The tests, scheduled for October, are not expected to have any environmental impact but environment groups in Britain and the U.S. said it could affect rainfall and harm food supplies potentially.

试验定在十月，预计不会对环境产生影响。但是一些美英环保团体认为最终的系统部署可能潜在影响降雨和食品供应。

Among the objections to solar radiation management （SRM） is the fact that it would have no effect on dissipating the build up of CO2 in the atmosphere, which leads to the acidification of our seas, says Friends of the Earth.

在一片对“太阳辐射管理（SRM）”的异议中，地球之友（美国一环保组织）指出：此举可能对驱散大气中二氧化碳没有任何作用，反而会导致海洋酸化。