《绝望的主妇》帮你搞定绝望的英语时态
首先我们来看一段美剧《绝望的主妇》中的片段，出自第一季第一集，邻居发现Mary Alice躺在血泊中之后拨打求救电话的一段视频。（本页内容引自绝望主妇第一季第一集学习笔记在线看）
-It's my neighbor. I think she's been shot. There's bIood everywhere.
-Yes, you've got to send an 've got to send one right now.
-我的邻居，我想她遭到了枪击，她家里到处都是血。
-是的，你们必须派辆救护车来，你们必须马上派辆救护车。
这段视频中我们可以看到如下时态：
一般现在时陈述事件当事人It's my neighbour.
完成时态表该事故已发生I think she's been shot.
一般现在时描述现场There's blood everywhere.
用you have got to do要求帮助Yes, you've got to send an ambulance. You've got to send one right now!
这一段十几秒的电话求救中时态就在不断的变化，现在就让我们一起彻底搞清楚英语中的时态吧。
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看下面的采访，从中了解一般现在时的使用。
Mark: Hello, Can I ask you some questions for an interview?
Jennifer: Yes, I can answer some questions.
马克：您好，可以采访您几个问题吗？
珍妮佛：好的，我可以回答几个问题。
Mark: Thank you for taking the time. Now, first question: What do you do?
Jennifer: I work in a library. I'm a librarian.
马克：谢谢您的配合。第一个问题是：请问您是做什么工作的？
珍妮佛：我在图书馆工作，我是图书管理员。
Mark: Are you married?
Jennifer: Yes, I am.
马克：您结婚了吗？
珍妮佛：是的。
Mark: What does your husband do?
Jennifer: He works as a policeman.
马克：您先生是做什么的？
珍妮佛：他是警察。
Mark: Do you usually have dinner together?
Jennifer: Yes, we do.
马克：你们经常一起吃晚餐吗？
珍妮佛：是的。
Mark: How often does your husband exercise?
Jennifer: He sometimes exercises four times a week. But, he usually exercises only twice a week.
马克：您先生多长时间锻炼一次身体？
珍妮佛：有时候一周四次，不过他通常一周只锻炼两次。
Mark: Where do you like going on holiday?
Jennifer: We rarely go on holiday. However, we like going to the mountains if we can.
马克：您假期喜欢到什么地方去呢？
珍妮佛：我们的假期很少，不过只要有可能，我们喜欢去山区。
Mark: What type of books do you read?
Jennifer: I often read horror stories.
马克：您看什么样的书？
珍妮佛：我一般读恐怖小说。
Mark: Thank you very much for answering my questions.
Jennifer: You're welcome!
马克：十分感谢您回答我的问题。
珍妮佛：不客气。
以上对话都是使用了一般现在时，一般现在时的使用是有一些规律的，请点击下一页查看。
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一般现在时的使用规律
| Examples 例句 | Usage 一般现在时常用来表示 |
| Where do you work? The store opens at 9 o'clock. She lives in New York. | Permanent or long-lasting situations 表示永久不变的或者长期的情况 |
| I usually get up at 7 o'clock. She doesn't often go to the cinema. When do they usually have lunch? | Regular habits and daily routines 通常的习惯和日常的行为 |
| The Earth revolves around the Sun. What does 'strange' mean? Water doesn't boil at 20°. | Facts 事实 |
| I love walking around late at night during the summer. She hates flying! What do you like? I don't want to live in Texas. | Feelings 感觉 |
| He doesn't agree with you. I think he is a wonderful student. What do you consider your best accomplishment? | Opinions and states of mind 观点以及看法 |
| The plane leaves at 4 p.m. When do courses begin this semester? The train doesn't arrive until 10.35. | Timetables and schedules 时间表和日程安排 |
Common present time expressions include: 通常看到这些词会用一般现在时： | usually, always, often, sometimes, on Saturdays, at weekends (on weekends US English), rarely, on occasion, never, seldom |
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正在进行时On the telephone
Tracy: Hello, can I speak to Alex.
Alex: This is Alex, who is speaking?
特蕾西：你好，请找一下阿历克斯。
阿历克斯：我是阿历克斯，请问您哪位？
Tracy: Hi, this is Tracy.
Alex: Hi Tracy. What are you doing?
特蕾西：嗨，我是特蕾西。
阿历克斯：你好，特蕾西。你在做什么？
Tracy: Oh, I'm just watching TV. What are you doing?
Alex: Well, I'm cooking dinner.
特蕾西：哦，我在看电视，你在做什么？
阿历克斯：我在做晚餐。
Tracy: What are you cooking?
Alex: I'm baking some potatoes, boiling some carrots and grilling a steak.
特蕾西：你在做什么东西？
阿历克斯：我在烤土豆，煮些胡萝卜，再烤个小排。
Tracy: It sounds delicious.
Alex: What are you doing for dinner tonight?
特蕾西：听起来很好吃。
阿历克斯：你晚餐吃的什么？
Tracy: Well, I don't have any plans...
Alex: Would you like to come over for dinner?
特蕾西：我还没什么打算……
阿历克斯：你想过来吃晚餐吗？
Tracy: Oh, I'd love to. Thanks.
Alex: Great. Mary and Jack are also coming. They are arriving at seven.
特蕾西：哦，太好了，谢谢。（小编：看出来了，这姐姐是打电话来蹭饭的）
阿历克斯：好，玛丽和杰克也会过来，他们七点到。
Tracy: OK, I'll be there at seven, too.
Alex: OK, see you then. Bye.
Tracy: Bye.
特蕾西：好的，我也会在七点钟到的。
阿历克斯：好的，那到时见。
特蕾西：拜拜。
特蕾西和阿历克斯的电话交谈提到的都是打电话的时候在做的事情，所以都使用了正在进行时，特蕾西用正在进行时成功的蹭到了晚饭，下面我们就一起看看正在进行时的使用规律吧。
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| Examples 例句 | Usage 下列情况通常使用一般现在时 |
| What are you cooking? Tom is studying for his exams at the moment. It isn't raining now. We can go outside. | Actions happening at the present moment. 当前时刻正在发生的动作 |
| What are you doing this weekend? I'm meeting Peter tomorrow morning. We're driving to Albany this weekend. | Planned future events (usually in the near future) 将来会发生的事情（通常是很近的将来） |
| We're currently working on the Smith account. What classes are you taking this semester? We're studying Greek history this month. | Actions or events happening around the present moment. 在“现在”这个时刻前后发生的事情 |
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将来时：天气预报In Seattle, it will be rainy and windy tomorrow morning with rain falling until late in the afternoon. On the east side of the mountains in Spokane, the sun will shine and temperatures will reach 30 degrees Celsius. In the evening, the weather will become windy and cloudy. In the mountains, you can expect snow above 2,000 meters.
西雅图明天上午多风多雨，降雨将一直持续到下午。斯波坎东部山谷天气晴好，最高温度将达到30摄氏度。傍晚多云并且有风。在山区，海拔2000米以上有降雪。
天气预报的都是尚未发生的气象，所以都是用将来时的。
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一般过去时：同事聊天Robert: Hi Alice, what did you do last weekend?
Alice: I did a lot of things. On Saturday, I went shopping.
罗伯特：你好，爱丽丝，上个周末你做什么了？
爱丽丝：我做了很多事情，周六我去逛街了。
Robert: What did you buy?
Alice: I bought some new clothes. I also played tennis.
罗伯特：你买了什么？
爱丽丝：我买了一些新衣服，还打了网球。
Robert: Who did you play?
Alice: I played Tom.
罗伯特：和谁一起打的？
爱丽丝：和汤姆一起打的。
Robert: Did you win?
Alice: Of course I won!
罗比特：你赢了吗？
爱丽丝：我当然赢了啊。
Robert: What did you do after your tennis match.
Alice: Well, I went home and took a shower and then went out.
罗伯特：网球赛之后你做什么了？（查户口囧）
爱丽丝：我回家洗了个澡又出门了。
Robert: Did you eat in a restaurant?
Alice: Yes, my friend Jacky and I ate at 'The Good Fork'
罗伯特：你在餐馆吃的饭吗？
爱丽丝：是啊，我和我朋友杰在“The Good Fork”吃的饭。
Robert: Did you enjoy your dinner?
Alice: Yes, we enjoyed our dinner very much thank you. We also drank some wonderful wine!
罗伯特：吃的开心吗？
爱丽丝：吃的非常开心，我们还喝了点酒。
Robert: Unfortunately, I didn't go out this weekend. I didn't eat in a restaurant and I didn't play tennis.
Alice: What did you do?
罗伯特：可惜我周末没出门，没在餐馆吃饭也没打网球。
爱丽丝：你周末做什么了啊？
Robert: I stayed home and studied for my test!
Alice: Poor you!
罗伯特：我在家里复习备考来的。
爱丽丝：真可怜。
敢情罗伯特同学东问西问的就是为了说自己可怜，使用一般过去时，罗伯特成功的打探了爱丽丝同学上个周末做的事情。爱丽丝所有的行为和动作都是发生在上周末，所以整个对话描述的时候都是用了一般过去时的。
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| Examples 例句 | Usage 通常以下情况用一般过去时 |
| Where did you go yesterday? The flight left at 8 o'clock. They didn't come last night. | Finished past actions, definite past 动作已经结束，表示过去的。 |
Common past time expressions include: 通常会用一般过去时的词有： | last (week, year, night), yesterday, ago, in 1987, when I was a child. |
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