杨洁篪外长第十一届中国发展高层论坛年会演讲
深化理解共识 促进合作发展 ——在第十一届中国发展高层论坛年会上的演讲外交部长杨洁篪 2010年3月21日，北京
Pursue Development Through, Greater Understanding and Cooperation --Speech at the 11th Annual Meeting of the China Development Forum by H.E. Yang Jiechi, Minister of Foreign Affairs Beijing, 21 March 2010
各位来宾，女士们、先生们、朋友们：
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
很高兴参加“中国发展高层论坛2010年会”，并向大家介绍中国的外交政策。今天是二十四节气的春分，中国人讲“春分麦起身，一刻值千金”。值此世界经济萌发新芽、但复苏基础仍然脆弱的关键时刻，本届论坛以“中国与世界经济：增长•调整•合作”为主题，邀请国内外经济、学术界知名人士共聚北京，听取各方声音，凝聚各方智慧，共商应对金融危机和后危机时代挑战之道，具有重要意义。在此，我预祝本次高层论坛取得圆满成功！
It is a distinct pleasure for me to join you here at the 2010 annual meeting of the China Development Forum and talk about China's foreign policy. Today happens to be the Spring Equinox, one of the 24 seasonal division points under the traditional Chinese calendar. We Chinese say, "Every minute is as precious as gold on the Spring Equinox, for this is the day when wheat starts to grow." And we are indeed at a critical moment. We have seen green shoots in the world economy, but the recovery is yet to firm up. A forum with the theme of "China and the World Economy: Growth, Restructuring and Cooperation" at such a point in time cannot be more fitting. I see in the audience well-known businessmen and scholars from both home and abroad. Your insight and wisdom will inspire us in our effort to counter the financial crisis and challenges in the post-crisis era. I wish the forum a great success.
女士们、先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
今年是新世纪第二个十年的开局之年。刚刚过去的十年既是危机与变革的十年，也是合作与发展的十年。世界多极化、经济全球化的发展更加迅猛，多边主义和互利共赢的理念更加深入人心，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲。伴随美国“9•11”恐怖袭击事件、伊拉克战争、国际金融危机、发展中国家整体实力上升等一系列国际大事，世界加速进入经济大振荡、体系大变革、格局大调整、合作大发展的新阶段，出现一系列新特点新趋势。
This year kicks off the second decade in the new century. The 10 years that has just passed is a decade of crisis and transformation, and of cooperation and development. The process towards a multi-polar world and economic globalization has unfolded at a faster pace. The concept of multilateralism and win-win progress has won greater popularity. And the trend of our times - peace, development and cooperation - has gained stronger momentum. A host of major events, including the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States, the war in Iraq, the international financial crisis, and the rise of the overall strength of developing countries have hastened the arrival of a new era in the evolution of the global landscape. It is an era marked by economic fluctuations, institutional overhaul, structural adjustments and above all, greater cooperation among countries. There have occurred several new features and trends.
一是国际金融危机的深层次影响继续显现，世界经济发展方式酝酿新的重大变革。金融危机使世界经济一度陷入严重衰退，目前经济开始企稳回升，但深层次问题并未根本解决。金融危机加速了经济发展方式的转变，为世界经济带来新的机遇和增长点。各国着眼于“后危机时代”的发展趋势，加紧调整各自经济增长和发展战略，力争在未来综合国力竞争中占据主动。
First, a new, major transformation in the global economic growth pattern is in the making amidst the continuing impact of the international financial crisis. The world economy, once plunged into deep recession in the wake of the financial crisis, is now stabilizing and picking up. But deep-seated problems have not been fundamentally addressed. The financial crisis has accelerated the transformation of the economic growth pattern and brought new opportunities and growth points to the world economy. All countries are busy adjusting their strategies on economic growth and overall development in order to gain an advantageous position in the competition of comprehensive national strength in the post-crisis era.
二是国际经济体系进入改革和构建的重要时期，建立更加公正合理的国际秩序的呼声更加强烈。金融危机使现行国际经济金融体系的弊端暴露无遗，改革成为普遍共识。二十国集团峰会实现机制化，国际货币基金组织、世界银行等国际机构改革迈出重要步伐，全球经济治理机制逐步向着更具代表性、更加公平高效的方向发展。但国际经济体系改革十分复杂，改革进程将是漫长和曲折的。
Second, the global economic system has entered an important stage of reform and development, and there is a stronger call for a more just and reasonable international order. The financial crisis has laid bare the flaws in the current international economic and financial system, and the need for reform is widely acknowledged. As a result, the G20 summits have become institutionalized. The International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international institutions have taken significant steps towards reform. And the global economic governance structure is moving towards greater representation, justice and efficiency. But reform of the international economic system will be a long and tortuous process, as it involves extremely complex factors.
三是国际力量对比格局出现新的此消彼长，发展中国家整体实力继续上升。发展中大国日益成为全球经济增长的重要引擎。这有利于推动世界格局朝着相对均衡的方向发展。但发展中国家经济社会发展水平仍然相对滞后，实现发展经济、消除贫困的目标任重而道远。
Third, the global balance of power has gone through new changes, and the collective strength of developing countries continues to rise. Major developing countries are becoming important engines of the global economy. This will help bring about balanced development of the global architecture. But on the other hand, developing countries still fall behind developed countries in terms of economic and social development. They have to work long and hard to meet the target of economic growth and poverty eradication.
四是国际关系进入新一轮调整互动期，围绕全球性问题的国际合作不断深化。气候变化、能源资源安全、粮食安全、公共卫生安全等全球性问题更加突出，任何国家都无法单独应对。越来越多的国家认识到，冷战思维、零和博弈等思想不合时宜，同舟共济、互利共赢才是生存和发展之道，在竞争中合作、在合作中发展成为处理相互关系的普遍共识。
Fourth, a new round of adjustments and interactions has begun in international relations, and international cooperation on global issues keeps deepening. Climate change, energy and resources security, food security, public health security and other global issues have become more acute, and no country can deal with these problems alone. More and more countries have come to realize that the Cold War mentality and zero-sum game theory are out of date. The right way to survive and thrive is to stick together in tough times like passengers in the same boat and pursue mutual benefit and win-win progress. It is widely agreed that in handling international relations, countries should seek cooperation in the course of competition, and promote development through cooperation.女士们，先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
21世纪头十年，中国也走过了不平凡的历程。我们成功举办北京奥运会，有效抵御国际金融危机，在应对气候变化等全球性问题上发挥了重要作用。我们全面深化与世界各国的友好合作，促进以和平方式解决国际争端和地区热点问题，推动国际秩序向着更加公正合理的方向发展。这一切彰显了中国负责任的国际形象和独特建设性作用，表明中国是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的重要力量。
In the first ten years of this century, China has traveled an extraordinary path. We have successfully held the Beijing Olympic Games, effectively dealt with the international financial crisis, and played an important role in tackling climate change and other global challenges. We have deepened friendly cooperation with all countries, promoted the peaceful settlement of international disputes and regional hot-spot issues, and worked for a more just and reasonable international order. All this demonstrates China's image as a responsible country and underscores our unique and constructive role in international affairs. It shows that China is a staunch force for world peace and common development.
中国以自身的发展促进了世界的发展。据统计，2009年中国经济对世界经济增长的贡献率达到50%，已经成为世界第二大进口国和全球最大新兴市场。中国积极参与应对金融危机的国际合作，在危机肆虐期间人民币汇率保持基本稳定，推动成立了1200亿美元的亚洲外汇储备库，对外签署了6500亿元人民币的国际货币互换协议，为促进本地区和世界经济的稳定与发展起到了重要作用。中国采取了一系列应对气候变化的重大举措，推动哥本哈根气候变化会议取得积极重要成果，为推进应对气候变化的国际合作做出了积极贡献。
China's development has brought benefits to the world. Statistics show that in 2009, China contributed 50% to world economic growth and became the second largest importing country and the largest emerging market. We have taken an active part in international cooperation on the financial crisis and played an important role in promoting stability and development of the regional and global economy. In the height of the financial crisis, we kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable, facilitated the establishment of the Asian foreign exchange reserve pool totaling 120 billion US dollars, and signed currency swap agreements worth 650 billion RMB yuan. We have adopted a series of major steps to meet the climate challenge, made great effort for positive and important outcomes at the Copenhagen conference and active contributed to international cooperation on climate change.
中国承担着越来越多与本国国力相符的国际责任。我国已经兑现对联合国《千年宣言》的承诺，向120多个发展中国家提供了经济援助，累计免除49个重债穷国和最不发达国家的债务。我们向发生地震、海啸等灾害的国家积极捐资捐物，并派遣多支医疗队和救援队赴当地实施人道救助。中国积极参加联合国国际维和行动，是安理会常任理事国中派出维和人员最多的国家，累计向24项联合国维和行动派出上万人次，中国维和官兵甚至付出了生命的代价。中国在实现自身发展的同时，正在尽最大的努力，为世界和平与发展的崇高事业做出力所能及的重要贡献。
China is assuming increasing international responsibilities commensurate with its capability. We have fulfilled our commitments under the UN Millennium Declaration, provided economic assistance to more than 120 developing countries, and cancelled the debts owed by 49 heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries. We have given assistance, both in kind and in cash, to countries hit by earthquakes, tsunamis and other natural disasters, and sent out medical and rescue teams for humanitarian relief on many occasions. We are an active participant in UN peacekeeping operations and we are the largest contributor of peacekeeping personnel among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. So far we have dispatched more than 10,000 personnel to 24 UN peacekeeping missions, and some Chinese peacekeepers have made the ultimate sacrifice. All these are vivid examples which show that while promoting our own development, we are doing our utmost to contribute to the lofty cause of world peace and development.
同时，中国的基本国情和面对的困难也不容忽视。中国人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，现在乃至今后相当长的时期内都是发展中国家。我国人均GDP排在世界100位之后，尽管30年间脱贫人口接近于美国全国的人口，但贫困人口总数在世界上仍然排名第二。我国居民消费水平还处在较低层次，目前仍有1000万人没有用上电。我国还处在全球产业链的低端，科技研发和高端制造业等方面的竞争力还较弱，出口几亿件衬衫才能换回一架空客或波音飞机。我国发展进程中面临的难题世所罕见，哪一个解决起来都很不容易。在我们这样一个拥有十几亿人口的发展中大国实现现代化，还需要付出艰苦努力，还有很长的路要走。
On the other hand, one must always remember China's basic national conditions and the difficulties we face. China has a large population. Our economic foundation is weak and our development is uneven. China's per capita GDP is lower than that of at least 100 countries. Yes, in the past 30 years the number of Chinese lifted out of poverty almost equals the total population of the US, but we still have the second largest number of poor people in the world. Our consumer spending is still at a fairly low level. There are 10 million Chinese who have no access to electricity even today. China is at the lower end of the global industrial chain and lacks competitiveness in scientific research and development and high-end manufacturing. We need to export hundreds of millions of shirts in order to buy one Airbus or Boeing. The difficulties that we face in our development are unmatched anywhere in the world, and none of the difficult issues has easy solutions. We are and will remain a developing country for a long time to come. To achieve modernization in China, we must make strenuous and unremitting efforts.
中国的外交以维护国家的主权、安全和发展利益，以促进世界的和平与发展为己任。在涉及国家核心利益的问题上，即使是在十分贫穷落后的年代，我们也是铮铮铁骨、毫不妥协。同时也要看到，中国走的是和平发展、互利共赢的道路。中国的发展来源于自身的经济社会进步，而不是对外武力扩张。中国的发展不以牺牲别国利益为代价，不追求利益最大化，而是坚持把共同利益的蛋糕做大，把自身利益与世界人民的共同利益结合起来，实现共同发展。中国的发展靠的是改革开放和对外合作，通过互利互惠，在实现自身快速发展的同时，也为世界经济做出了贡献。中国的发展得益于一个总体和平稳定的国际环境，我们也以自己的发展更好地促进世界和平与繁荣。中国的发展坚持的是相互尊重、平等相待、求同存异、开放包容的精神，既使将来强大了，也绝不把自己的意志强加于人。总的说，中国的发展不会损害任何国家的利益，而会给世界带来更多的机遇，更大的贡献。
It is the bounden duty of Chinese diplomacy to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests and promote world peace and development. On issues concerning core national interests, we have always been steadfast and unyielding, even when we were very poor and backward. It is also important to note that China has always been committed to peaceful development and win-win cooperation. First, China's development has been made possible by our dedicated efforts on the economic and social fronts, not by armed expansion abroad. We don't pursue development at the expense of others or seek to maximize our own gains in developing external relations. Quite the contrary, we have been working to broaden shared interests and combine our interests with the common interests of the people of the whole world in order to achieve common development. Second, China's development is the result of reform, opening up and cooperation with others. By pursuing mutual benefit, we have both achieved rapid development at home and contributed to the growth of the world economy. Third, our development has benefited from a generally peaceful and stable international environment, and our development has in turn contributed to world peace and prosperity. Mutual respect, equality, seeking common ground while reserving differences, openness and inclusiveness - these are the principles underpinning China's development. I want to stress that even when we become developed in the future, we will never impose our will on others. To sum up, China's development, instead of hurting the interests of any country, will only bring more opportunities and make greater contribution to the whole world.
女士们、先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
2010年是世界格局和国际经济体系继续发生深刻复杂变化的一年，也是我国继续应对国际金融危机、保持经济平稳较快发展、加快转变经济发展方式的关键一年。温家宝总理在政府工作报告中，对今年外交工作的基本目标和主要任务进行了重要部署。我们将紧紧围绕党和国家的中心任务，全方位开拓对外关系，坚定地维护国家主权、安全和发展利益，重点要完成好以下几项工作：
The year 2010 will continue to see profound and complex changes in the international landscape, including the global economic architecture. It will also be a crucial year to China's efforts to counter the global financial crisis, maintain steady and fast economic growth, and speed up the transformation of economic growth pattern. In his government work report, Premier Wen Jiabao laid out our basic foreign policy objectives and essential tasks for this year. In keeping with the central tasks of the Party and the state, we will further reach out to the world and firmly uphold sovereignty, security and development interests. Priorities on our diplomatic agenda for this year include the following:
一是积极推动全方位外交。我们将不断充实和完善全方位外交布局，继续全面发展与各大国的关系，加强与周边国家的睦邻友好，深化与发展中国家的团结合作，统筹协调好双边外交与多边外交、国别区域外交与各领域外交工作。
First, vigorously pursue all-round diplomacy. To enrich and improve all-round diplomacy, we will further develop our relations with major countries, strengthen good-neighborliness with surrounding countries, and enhance solidarity and cooperation with developing countries. We will pursue bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, and country and region-specific diplomacy and subject-specific diplomacy in a coordinated way.
二是为国内保稳定、促发展、转变经济发展方式创造更好的外部环境。我们将加大经济外交工作力度，积极配合实施“引进来”、“走出去”战略，继续参与应对金融危机的国际对话与合作，坚决反对保护主义，与各国一道，共同推动世界经济的全面复苏和发展。
Second, build a better external environment to serve our domestic effort of maintaining stability, promoting development and speeding up transformation of economic growth pattern. We will step up economic diplomacy and support the "bring in" and "go global" strategies. We will continue to engage in international dialogue and cooperation to tackle the financial crisis and firmly oppose protectionism. We are ready to work with all other countries to put the world economy back on track.
三是重点搞好峰会外交和世博外交。今年是多边峰会的高峰年。中国领导人将出席二十国集团金融峰会、上海合作组织峰会、“金砖四国”峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、第三次世界议长大会、东亚领导人系列会议等一系列重大多边外交活动。我们将继续以多边峰会为重要平台，积极参与国际体系变革，维护发展中国家利益，推动应对气候变化等国际合作不断向前发展。
Third, ensure success of summit diplomacy and World Expo diplomacy. As you may know, there will be quite a number of multilateral summit meetings this year. Chinese leaders will attend the G20 summits, the SCO summit, the "BRIC" summit, the APEC economic leaders' meeting, the 3rd world conference of speakers of parliaments, the East Asia leaders' meetings, and some other important multilateral events. We will continue to take multilateral summit meetings as an important platform to actively engage in the reform of the international system, uphold the interests of developing countries and drive forward international cooperation in addressing climate change and other issues.
上海世博会是我国继北京奥运会之后举办的又一场国际盛会，也是第一次在发展中国家举行的世博会。届时可能将有近百位外国政要莅临上海，许多外国观众也会纷至沓来。世博会不仅是上海的、中国的世博会，更是世界的世博会，为各国人民展示发展成果、增进了解与友谊、促进共同发展提供了重要平台。中国将举全国之力，集世界智慧，将上海世博会打造成一座世界人文交流的友谊之桥。
The Shanghai World Expo will be another grand international event hosted by China following the Beijing Olympic Games, and it will be the first time that the Expo is held in a developing country. Around 100 foreign dignitaries are expected to come to Shanghai for the event, along with a large number of visitors from various parts of the world. The World Expo belongs not only to Shanghai and China, but also and more importantly, to the entire world. It will offer an important stage for people around the world to showcase their achievements, enhance mutual understanding and friendship and promote common development. We will marshal the full resources of the country and pool the wisdom of the whole world to make the Expo a bridge of friendship and exchanges among people across the globe.
女士们、先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
“他山之石，可以攻玉”。在当前世界各国重新认识和思考发展理念、合作应对全球性挑战的关键时刻，借鉴包容、博采众长成为必然选择。“听取世界的声音，探索中国发展之路”是中国发展高层论坛的宗旨。我相信秉持这一宗旨，本届论坛一定能为增进中国与世界的对话、理解与友谊做出积极而独特的贡献。让我们携手努力，为促进各国之间的合作、为推动世界和平与发展的崇高事业，不断贡献自己的智慧和力量。
There is an old Chinese saying which goes, "There are other hills whose stones may serve to polish jade". It means that advice from others may help one overcome one's own difficulties. At this critical juncture when all countries are rethinking what development concept to follow, and when all of us are coming together to meet global challenges, it is all the more important for us to be open and inclusive and learn from each other. The China Development Forum is designed to "hear the voice of the world and explore the path for China's development". I am convinced that, with this purpose in mind, the forum will play an active and unique role in enhancing China's dialogue, understanding and friendship with the rest of the world. Together, let us contribute our wisdom and strength to international cooperation and to the lofty cause of world peace and development.
谢谢大家。
Thank you.
