飞机上永远别做这些事

You already know what not to do on a plane if you don't want to be a giant jerk. (Exhibit A: Man watching iPad movie without headphones. Exhibit B: Woman eating pungent tuna wrap.) But best practices can be less obvious for considerate humans who just want to make it from point A to point B safely. If you're one of these people, avoid these behaviors the next time you fly:

如果不想成为混蛋，那你肯定已经知道不要在飞机上做哪些事了。（比如：一位男士用iPad看电影时不戴耳机。或一位女士吃着刺鼻的包装好的金枪鱼。）对于只想安全地从一个地点到达另一个地点的周到人士而言，最佳的做法可能不那么明显。如果你也体贴周到，那下次起飞的时候请避免这些行为。

1. Sleeping through takeoff or landing.

1. 起飞或着陆时睡觉。

When the plane ascends or descends, the air pressure around you changes faster than the air inside your ears. If you've ever flown before, you know this can be super uncomfortable - but only temporarily. To equalize the pressure, all you need to do is chew gum; inhale, then exhale gently as you hold your mouth; suck on candy; or yawn, according to MedlinePlus. In other words, you're better off awake. Accidentally sleep through the pressure change, and this condition will only get more uncomfortable, potentially instigating dizziness, ear infection, slight hearing loss, eardrum damage, or nosebleeds and severe hearing loss in the worst of cases.

飞机起飞或降落时，你周遭的气压要比耳内的空气变化快。如果之前坐过飞机，你就会知道这很不舒服--但只是暂时的。医疗在线（MedlinePlus）网站上写到，想要平衡气压，嚼口香糖就可以了；轻轻地吸气、吐气，屏住嘴巴；吃糖；或者打呵欠。换句话说，还是醒着为好。压力变化过程中不小心熟睡只会让你更不舒服，可能会引起眩晕、耳朵感染、轻度听力损失、耳膜损坏或流鼻血，较为严重的情况下会导致严重的听力损失。

2. Sitting from takeoff to landing.

2. 从起飞到降落一直都坐着。

Low air pressure in the cabin can slow your circulation and set you up for blood clots, particularly in the legs. Sitting around doesn't help - especially if you're on birth control pills, because some can increase your risk of developing dangerous clots (even without air travel) reduce your risk of developing clots, which could pose major health issues if they travel to your lungs, brain, or heart, the CDC suggests getting up and moving around as often as possible.

舱内的低气压会减缓你的循环，导致血块的形成，尤其是腿部。一直坐着无济于事--尤其是当你还在服用避孕药时，因为有时候会增加你形成危险血块的风险（即使不坐飞机也会）。为降低你形成血块的风险（如果血块通过你的肺、大脑或心脏，则会造成严重的健康问题），疾病预防控制中心建议尽可能多的站起来走动走动。

3. Ordering tea or coffee.

3. 点茶或咖啡。

Never mind the fact that in-flight coffee is an insult to the beverage. Coffees and teas are made from plane tap water that could contain coliform, bacteria found in 12 percent of commercial airplanes, according to a 2012 Environmental Protection Agency report. As long as your immune system is up to snuff, the stuff won't necessarily make you sick. But because coliform comes from feces, where harmful bacteria also lurk, water that contains it is more likely to harbor scarier stuff like E. coli, which can really mess with your system. So don't risk it: Opt for bottled water, instead - and hold the ice if it's made with plane tap water. (Just ask an attendant.)

暂且不说飞机上的咖啡是对饮料的侮辱。2012年环境保护局的一项报告显示，冲咖啡和茶的水取自飞机上的自来水，这里面可能含有大肠菌，而12%的商务客机都含有这种细菌。只要你的免疫系统正常，那大肠菌不一定能让你生病。但由于大肠菌来自于粪便，有害的细菌也在粪便中潜伏着，因此含有大肠菌的水也更有可能含有像大肠杆菌这类可怕的细菌，这真的会破坏人体系统。所以千万别冒险：你可以喝瓶装水--如果冰块是用飞机上的自来水制成，最好也别加冰块了。（只要问空姐就知道是不是了。）