俄罗斯政府前日封禁俄语版维基百科 Kremlin moves to ban Russian Wikipedia

Russia’s internet regulator on Monday added the Russian-language version of Wikipedia to its list of blocked sites. The escalation in Moscow’s online censorship campaign is likely to bring the issue to the attention of the broader public which has so far ignored it.

周一，俄罗斯互联网监管机构将俄语版维基百科(Wikipedia)列入了封禁网站的名单。俄政府网络审查运动的此次升级，很可能会令更多公众注意到这个迄今一直被忽视的问题。

Roskomnadzor, the regulator, had warned that it would block the Russian Wikipedia unless the website took down an article on the history and production of Charas, a form of hashish. It pointed to a June court decision which declared the publication in Russia of instructions for hashish preparation illegal.

俄联邦电信、信息技术和大众传媒监督局(Roskomnadzor)曾警告说，它将封禁俄语版维基百科，除非该网站撤下一篇有关Charas（某种形式的印度大麻脂）历史和生产的文章。该局提到了6月份的一项法庭裁定，该裁定宣称在俄罗斯发布制备印度大麻脂的说明是非法的。

The Russian-language service sought at the weekend to comply technically with the order by moving the entry to a web archive to which searches automatically redirect. But Roskomnadzor said this did not solve the problem because the banned article remained accessible.

上周末，俄语版维基百科试图从技术上遵守这一裁定，将这一条目移至一份网络归档文件中，对该条目的搜索会被自动重定向至该归档文件。但Roskomnadzor表示，这么做并没有解决问题，因为被封禁的文章依然可以访问到。

“[We have] sent telecom operators the index page of the Russian-language Wikipedia for blocking...嬠It] contains forbidden information about narcotic substances,” Roskomnadzor said.

Roskomnadzor表示：“（我们已）向电信运营商发送了俄语版维基百科的首页地址以将其封禁……（该网站）包含有关麻醉品的禁忌信息。”

Russian Wikipedia said it would file a complaint against the decision. Its site could still be accessed in Moscow a few hours after the regulator’s announcement.

俄语版维基百科表示将就这一决定提起申诉。Roskomnadzor宣布这一决定后数小时，该网站在莫斯科仍可访问。

However, the decision takes a Kremlin crackdown on the internet to a new level. It is the first time that the government has targeted an international website used by ordinary Russians on a huge scale rather than online media critical of the regime of President Vladimir Putin.

尽管如此，这一决定还是将俄政府对互联网的打压提升至一个新高度。这是俄政府首次把普通俄罗斯人大量使用的国际网站——而不是批评俄总统弗拉基米尔渠京(Vladimir Putin)政权的网络媒体——当作封禁的对象。

Sergei Smirnov, editor of Mediazona, a news website focused on civil rights and law enforcement, said: “In fact it is good that it is Wiki they are blocking. Now a lot more people will find out how to circumvent blockings”.

Mediazona主编谢尔盖斯米尔诺夫(Sergei Smirnov)表示：“事实上，维基这样的网站被他们封禁是一件好事。现在，许多人将会找到办法绕开封禁。”Mediazona是一个关注民权和执法的新闻网站。

Moscow has been tightening censorship of the Russian web ever since Mr Putin’s return to the presidency in May 2012.

自2012年5月普京再次担任俄总统以来，俄政府一直在加强对俄语网站的审查。

The Kremlin was caught off guard when massive fraud during the legislative elections in 2011 triggered a street protest movement in Moscow led by Alexei Navalny, the anti-corruption blogger, and organised via social media. The administration saw this as a foreign-sponsored scheme aimed at regime change.

2011年，俄国家杜马选举期间出现的大规模舞弊行为，在莫斯科引发了一场街头抗议运动，令俄当局措手不及。这次运动由反腐博客写手阿列克谢纳瓦尔尼(Alexei Navalny)领导，并通过社交媒体组织起来。俄当局认为，这是一次外国支持的阴谋，旨在颠覆俄罗斯政权。

Within two months of Mr Putin’s return to the Kremlin, he signed a new law providing for the establishment of a nationwide register of banned websites.

重返克里姆林宫不到两个月，普京就签署了一条新法令，为成立国家级封禁网站登记机构提供了法律依据。