马来西亚航空公司将被收归国有

Malaysia Airlines, the Asian carrier teetering on the edge of collapse after two disasters in four months, is to be taken private by Malaysia’s sovereign wealth fund in a rescue plan that will see the airline delisted and restructured in a bid to restore it to profitability.

因四个月内发生两起空难而濒临破产的马来西亚航空公司(Malaysia Airlines)将被收归国有。它会退市并重组，由马来西亚主权财富基金——国库控股(Khazanah)全面接管。

Khazanah, which is the biggest shareholder in the airline with a 69 per cent stake, said on Friday in a statement seen by the Financial Times that it had submitted to Malaysia Airlines’ board a proposal to buy out minority shareholders in a “selective capital reduction and repayment exercise”.

国库控股此前就是马航的最大股东，持有69%的股份。该基金在周五的一份声明中称，已向马航董事会提交一份提案，将买断马航少数股东手里的股份。

Minority shareholders would receive Rm0.27 ($0.08) a share, representing a 12.5 per cent premium to the closing price of Malaysia Airlines on Thursday, and a 29 per cent premium to the volume-weighted average of the shares over the past three months. Shares in Malaysia Airlines were suspended from trading on Friday.

这些少数股东将收到每股0.27令吉（合0.08美元），这一价格相对马航股票周四收盘价有12.5%的溢价，相对其过去三个月成交量加权平均价的溢价则为29%。马航股票已于周五停牌。

The move comes two months after Khazanah said it had launched a “comprehensive review” of Malaysia Airlines after the loss in early March of flight MH370, which remains missing after disappearing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing.

两个月前，国库控股曾表示，在马航MH370航班失联后已展开对马航的“全面评估”。3月初，马航MH370航班在吉隆坡到北京的航线上突然消失，目前仍未找到。

The downing last month of a second Malaysia Airlines aircraft, flight MH17, over Ukraine added to the urgency of a rescue plan, marking an unprecedented two disasters to befall any commercial airline in such short time span.

上个月，马航遭遇另一起空难：该公司旗下的MH17航班在飞经乌克兰时失事。在如此短的时间内，同一家航空公司经历两起空难，这在航空史上史无前例。

For Malaysia, the need for a rescue is as much about restoring national pride as it is about ensuring the profitability of its flag carrier. Malaysia Airlines, one of the oldest airlines in Asia, for decades served as a symbol of the southeast Asian country’s move to industrialised status under former prime minister Mahathir Mohamad.

对马来西亚政府来说，援救马航既是为了确保这家国家旗舰航空公司的盈利，也是出于恢复国民自豪感的需要。马航是亚洲历史最悠久的航空公司之一，几十年来一直被视为这个东南亚国家在前总理马哈蒂尔•穆罕默德(Mahathir Mohamad)领导下推行工业化的象征。

Malaysia’s economy is still dominated by dozens of “government linked corporations” that benefit from links to the dominant ruling party, the United Malays National Organisation (Umno), which has ruled Malaysia since independence in 1957.

目前，马来西亚经济仍由数十家“与政府有联系的企业”主导。马来西亚执政党是马来民族统一机构(United Malays National Organisation，简称“巫统”)，自1957年该国独立以来一直统治该国。

Khazanah said the proposed restructuring would require “all parties” to work on a complete overhaul of the carrier. “Nothing less will be required in order to revive our national airline to be profitable as a commercial entity and to serve its function as a critical national development entity,” it said.

国库控股表示，提议中的重组方案需要“各方”对马航开展一次全面整顿。该基金表示：“要想重振我们的国家级航空公司，令它成为一个能够盈利的商业机构，并发挥其国家发展关键机构的作用，以上措施缺一不可。”

Malaysia Airlines’ timeline of troubles

马来西亚航空公司事故一览

December 4 1977 – Flight MH653, a domestic flight from Penang to Kuala Lumpur, was hijacked and crashed, killing 100 people

1977年12月4日 - MH653航班：从滨城飞往吉隆坡的国内航班，飞机被劫持并失事，导致100人丧生。

December 18 1983 – Flight MH684, an Airbus A300, crashed at Kuala Lumpur airport. There were no fatalities among the 247 passengers and crew

1983年12月18日 - MH684航班：这是一架空客A300飞机，坠毁在吉隆坡机场。247名乘客和机组人员无人遇难。

September 15 1995 – Two crew members and 32 passengers were killed when flight MH2133 – a Fokker F-50 turboprop aircraft – overshot the runway at Tawau airport in Borneo, crashing into a nearby village and demolishing 53 houses

1995年9月15日 - MH2133航班：这是一架福克50(Fokker F-50)涡轮螺旋桨飞机，在婆罗洲斗湖机场冲出跑道，冲入附近村庄，毁坏53栋房屋，机上两名机组人员和32名乘客丧生。

March 15 2000 – Flight MH85, an Airbus A330-300 from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, was damaged and later written off when the chemical oxalyl chloride leaked from canisters during unloading

2000年3月15日 - MH85航班：是一架执飞吉隆坡至北京航线的空客A330-300飞机。当日飞机在卸货时，容器中的乙二酰氯泄露，导致机身严重受损并报废。

March 8 2014 – Flight MH370 disappeared en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. The aircraft, a Boeing 777, was carrying 227 passengers and a dozen crew

2014年3月8日 - MH370航班：在从吉隆坡飞往北京的途中失去联系。这是一架波音777客机，载有227名乘客和12名机组人员。

March 24 2014 – Flight MH066, from Kuala Lumpur to Seoul, made an emergency landing in Hong Kong when its electricity generator failed

2014年3月24日 - MH066航班：在从吉隆坡飞往首尔的途中因发电机故障而紧急降落在香港。

April 21 2014 – A tyre burst during the takeoff of flight MH192 to Bangalore, prompting the aircraft, carrying 159 passengers and seven crew, to return to Kuala Lumpur

2014年4月21日 - MH192航班：这架原定飞往班加罗尔(Bangalore)的飞机起飞时发生爆胎，不得不返回吉隆坡。机上载有159名乘客和7名机组人员。

July 17 2014 – Flight MH17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur was allegedly shot down on the Russian-Ukraine border by a surface-to-air missile, killing all 298 passengers and crew

2014年7月17日 - MH17航班：这架从阿姆斯特丹飞往吉隆坡的飞机在俄乌边境上空疑似被一枚地对空导弹击落，机上298名乘客和机组人员全部丧生。