克林顿等聚首巴黎 商讨利比亚未来

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and officials from about 50 other countries are set to convene in Paris on Thursday to discuss Libya’s transition to post-Gadhafi democratic rule. The head of Libya’s National Transitional Council, Mustafa Abdel Jalil, is expected to outline the NTC’s immediate needs.

美国国务卿克林顿和来自其他差不多50个国家的高级官员星期四聚集在巴黎，讨论后卡扎菲的利比亚局势。利比亚“全国过渡委员会”负责人贾利勒预计将在这次会议上，明确阐述利比亚目前最急需的是什么。

France called the meeting a week ago as NTC forces moved into Tripoli. Now, with Moammar Gadhafi's rule at an end, the conference will focus on how to help Libya establish stable democratic governance.

一个星期前，也就是“全国过渡委员会”领导下的利比亚反对派挺进的黎波里的时候，法国方面开始召集各方，就利比亚的前途、以及民主转型，举行会议。如今，卡扎菲的统治已经是过去时了，本次在巴黎召开的会议将集中讨论如何帮助利比亚建立一个稳固的民主政体。

The list of participants for the “Friends of Libya” conference has grown significantly in recent days to include key countries like Russia and China, which have not recognized the NTC as Libya’s new governing authority.

Secretary of State Clinton, who has interrupted her summer vacation to attend, says the weeks ahead will be “critical” for Libya and that the world community needs to act “decisively” to help the NTC. But she says the transition must be Libyan-led.

美国国务卿克林顿为了参加本次在巴黎举行的会议，提早结束了渡假。克林顿国务卿表示，今后几个星期，对于利比亚来说，将是“非常关键”的；她说，国际社会此刻应当大力协助利比亚“全国过渡委员会”。不过，克林顿同时也表示，整个制度的转型过程，应当由利比亚人来主导。

State Department Spokeswoman Victoria Nuland says NTC chief Jalil’s presentation at the meeting will be pivotal.

美国国务院发言人纽兰德表示，利比亚“全国过渡委员会”的负责人贾利勒在巴黎会议上如何陈述，将是众所瞩目的。

“One of the things that we expect to hear at this meeting is a report from the Transitional National Council on how it sees moving forward, what it wants for the international community -- including how it wants to work with the [U.N.] Security Council on the appropriate unwinding of [U.N. resolutions] 1970 and 1973," Nuland said.

纽兰德说：“会议期间，我们期待着听取‘全国过渡委员会’就利比亚下一步将如何走所做的报告，将听取他们如何阐述国际社会都需要作些什么，包括如何与联合国安理会一起，将之前的两个针对利比亚的决议案(1970号和1973号)撤销。”

Those United Nations resolutions imposed sanctions against Moammar Gadhafi's government and authorized the NATO-led air campaign that helped oust the longtime ruler.

联合国出台的上述两个决议案是针对卡扎菲政权的，其中的内容包括制裁措施等等。也正是因为有这两项决议案，北约方面才可以帮助利比亚反对派将长期统治利比亚的独裁者卡扎菲赶下台。

The United States and other countries have begun the process of releasing frozen Libyan assets through the U.N. Sanctions Committee.

与此同时，美国和其他一些国家都已经开始通过联合国的“制裁委员会”，将之前冻结的属于利比亚的资产进行解冻。

But some leading members of the U.S. Congress want Secretary Clinton to withhold the money unless the NTC agrees to give up Abdel Baset al-Megrahi, the Libyan convicted in the 1988 bombing of a U.S. PanAm jetliner over Scotland.

美国国会一些成员希望美国国务卿克林顿不要马上将利比亚的资产解冻，而是要等到利比亚“全国过渡委员会”同意将造成1988年洛克比空难的利比亚公民迈格拉希递解到美国之后。

The NTC has told the United States it will revisit the case against Megrahi, who was returned to Libya from Scotland in 2009 on humanitarian grounds and is reported in grave condition in Tripoli with cancer.

在这一点上，利比亚“全国过渡委员会”已经告知美国，会重新考虑这个案子。苏格兰方面在2009年基于人道主义的考虑，将迈格拉希送回利比亚。迈格拉希当时已经重病缠身。

Nuland says the NTC has more urgent priorities than the Megrahi case. “We need to give the TNC a chance to do job one, which is to finish the job of ousting Gadhafi and his regime, begin the job of establishing Libya on a democratic path. And we are very gratified by the fact that they have made clear they are willing to look into this,” she said.

美国国务院发言人纽兰德女士说，利比亚“全国过渡委员会”目前有比这更紧迫的工作要作。她说：“我们需要给‘全国过渡委员会’时间，让他们先把最重要的任务完成，那就是，将卡扎菲政权彻底赶下台，将利比亚带到一个民主的道路上。我们很高兴利比亚‘全国过渡委员会’已经同意要重新考虑洛克比空难问题。”

A key issue in Paris will be the question of a peacekeeping presence in Libya.

本次巴黎会议期间将要讨论的一个重要问题，将是利比亚的维和问题。

Ian Martin, special advisor to U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on post-conflict planning, says the National Transitional Council's interest is in foreign advice, not troops. “In our discussions with the NTC, it is very clear that the Libyans want to avoid any military deployment by the U.N. or others. They are very seriously interested in assistance with policing to get the public security situation under control and gradually develop a democratically accountable public security force,” Martin said.

在这一点、也就是战后的问题上，联合国秘书长潘基文的特别顾问马丁表示，利比亚“全国过渡委员会”的意思，是要国际社会给予协助建议，但不是武力上的。马丁表示：“我们和利比亚‘全国过渡委员会’讨论的过程中，得到的很明确的一个信息就是，利比亚人不希望联合国或者是其他方面向利比亚派出武装部队。他们很希望能够在公安方面得到帮助，先让局势得以稳定，然后逐步过渡到有一个民主体制下的公安系统。”

Human rights groups say the Paris conferees must press the NTC to avoid reprisals against Gadhafi loyalists, while seeking accountability for serious human rights violations during the Gadhafi era.

国际人权组织认为，出席巴黎会议的各方应当要求利比亚“全国过渡委员会”不要对那些一度支持卡扎菲的人，进行报复。但是与此同时，确实应当对那些在卡扎菲执政期间犯下严重侵权行为的人，进行追究。

Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East and North Africa Director at Human Rights Watch, says major responsibilities come with political recognition of the NTC. “Number one among them is going to be avoiding retribution and reprisal killings against Gadhafi forces or against alleged or feared Gadhafi supporters. Because certainly, as you can imagine, there is a lot of anger and rage that’s built up over the past several months and over the past 40 years," Whitson said.

维特森女士说：“首先要考虑的，就是如何避免对一度效忠卡扎菲的人展开报复；可以想像，过去几个月、过去四十年来，有很多‘积怨’等待着爆发。”

Whitson says the former Libyan leader and his key associates, who face international war crimes charges and are still at large, must be treated with due process in accordance with international law.

维特森女士说，卡扎菲以及他手下的那些关键人物，已经面临国际战犯的指控，至今还在法网之外，对他们，应当严格按照国际法，来处理。