中国限制深圳居民赴香港频次

HONG KONG — The Chinese government announced on Monday that residents of Shenzhen would be limited to one visit to Hong Kong a week, in a move to defuse public anger here over surging numbers of mainland Chinese visitors who cross the border to buy goods.

香港——中国政府周一宣布，深圳居民每周只能前往香港一次，采取这一举动是为了平息公众的愤怒。此前人数激增的内地游客前往香港购物，引发了不满。

Until now, many residents of Shenzhen, the city next to Hong Kong, could cross the border daily using multiple-entry permits — much more easily and often than many other mainland Chinese residents. But the cross-border visitors became the focus of raucous protests in Hong Kong in recent months. Demonstrators complained that many frequent commuters were smuggling goods back to China, pushing up demand in Hong Kong for medicines, cosmetics, milk powder and other goods, driving up shop rents, squeezing out other businesses and disrupting life near the border.

深圳毗邻香港，到目前为止，很多深圳居民每天都可以凭借“一签多行”签注往返香港，比其他内地居民更便利、更频繁。但最近几个月，赴港旅客在香港遭遇了激烈的抗议。示威者抱怨称，很多频繁往来两地的人员走私商品，并运回内地，加大了香港对药品、化妆品、奶粉及其他商品的需求，推高了店租，排挤了其他生意，也扰乱了边境附近地区的生活。

The Chinese Ministry of Public Security said on Monday that permanent residents of Shenzhen applying for new multiple-entry permits for Hong Kong would be limited to one visit a week, reported Xinhua, the state news agency.

官方通讯社新华社报道，中国公安部周一表示，将会向申请“一签多行”签注的深圳永久居民发放“一周一行”签注。

“Tensions between the numbers of visitors to Hong Kong and the capacity of Hong Kong to absorb them has become increasingly clear,” Xinhua reported, citing an unidentified official from the Ministry of Public Security, which controls visas.

新华社报道，公安部的一名官员表示，“赴港旅游人数与香港旅游承载能力的矛盾日益显现。”公安部负责发放签注，报道中没有提及这名官员的姓名。

The police on both the Hong Kong and mainland Chinese sides of the border have repeatedly tried to crack down on travelers who avoid duties by falsely claiming that they are carrying goods for their own use and by concealing or understating the value of goods. But the numbers of people crossing the border at Shenzhen have overwhelmed those efforts. In 2013, the Hong Kong introduced limits on the amount of milk powder, in great demand by Chinese parents, which travelers could take out of the territory.

香港和内地的警方多次采取行动，试图打击那些谎称所带商品为自用、瞒报或低报商品价值，从而逃避关税的游客。但在深圳过关来往香港的游客人数，超出了警方的应对能力。2013年，香港对于携带奶粉的数量做出了限制，内地家长对奶粉的需求极大，而游客可以将奶粉带出香港。

The cross-border merchants have helped keep alive tensions in Hong Kong over mainland Chinese influence, following street demonstrations last year against Beijing’s proposals for electoral changes in Hong Kong that would deny many residents’ demands for an open election for the city’s leader, or chief executive. Since Hong Kong, a former British colony, returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, it has maintained its own laws and border controls, meaning that mainland visitors cannot cross the border at will.

去年香港爆发街头抗议，反对北京提出的香港选举改革方案。该方案回绝了香港民众通过公开选举产生香港领导人的诉求。之后香港出现了针对内地影响的紧张情绪，而往返于两地的商贩在一定程度上延续了这种紧张。香港是前英国殖民地，自1997年回归中国以来，香港保留了自己的法律和边境管控权，这意味着内地人不能随意进入香港。

Hong Kong residents who had joined the protests against the cross-border traders said the decision showed that Beijing could be forced to make concessions.

参加抗议活动反对往返两地的商贩的香港居民表示，这一决定说明，通过施压可以让北京方面做出让步。

“This shows that our voice can make a difference,” said Andy Yung Wai-yip, a beach lifeguard who said he took part in the protests against the mainland traders, as well as in the pro-democracy demonstrations last year. “I was pessimistic before, but this gives me hope for our movement,” he said Sunday, after the Hong Kong news media reported the proposed visa changes.

“这表明我们的声音能够带来改变，”海滩救生员翁炜业（Andy Yung Wai-yip，音）表示。他说自己也参加了反对内地商贩的抗议活动，以及去年的民主示威活动。“我以前很悲观，但这件事激起了我对运动的希望，”周日，他在香港媒体报道签注改革的提议之后说。

But while the protesters have cast the visitors as a blight, mainland Chinese and Hong Kong officials have said that critics are exaggerating the problem of smuggling and warned that tensions were deterring mainlanders from visiting Hong Kong, which relies on tourism for 5 percent of its economic activity. In 2014, mainland Chinese made 47.2 million visits to Hong Kong, an increase of 16 percent over the previous year. The numbers continued to climb until March, when Hong Kong officials said there was a drop, apparently prompted by the protests.

尽管抗议者对游客视若仇雠，但是内地人和香港官员都表示，批评人士夸大了走私问题，并警告称紧张局面让内地人不敢造访香港。香港5%的经济活动依赖于旅游业。2014年，赴港内地游客达4720万人次，同比增长了16%。直到3月前，相关数字一直在增加。3月，香港官员称数据出现下跌，这似乎是由抗议引起的。

In the Shatin district, one of the parts of northern Hong Kong packed with mainland visitors shopping with trolleys to lug goods across the border, shop workers said the visitor limits would hurt business. Share prices of several Hong Kong retailers fell on Monday morning.

香港北部的很多区域都挤满了推着手推车购物，再拖着货物过境的内地游客，沙田区就是其中之一。这里的店员说，限制游客的政策将会影响生意。周一上午，几家香港零售商的股价都出现了下跌。

“It will definitely hurt our business and the retail sector,” Fong Hon-chung, a manager of the Kwok Shing Dispensary, said in an interview before the Chinese government announcement. He said about two-thirds of the dispensary’s business came from mainland shoppers. “Some of the pharmacies here will inevitably go out of business.”

“那肯定会损害我们的生意和零售行业，”国城参茸中西大药房(Kwok Shing Dispensary)的经理方汉聪（Fong Hon-chung，音）在内地政府公布这项政策前接受采访时说。他说，药房大约三分之二的生意都来自内地顾客。 “这里的一些药房不可避免地会倒闭。”

One-tenth of the total number of mainland Chinese visits to Hong Kong last year were made by Shenzhen residents who crossed the border more than once a week, Leung Chun-ying, the chief executive of Hong Kong, said at a news conference on Monday. But many of the people who smuggle goods from Hong Kong into China are Hong Kong residents, who will not be affected by the limits on mainlanders, Mr. Leung said. He added that the police and other agencies would develop new approaches to deter smuggling by Hong Kong residents.

香港行政长官梁振英(Leung Chun-ying)在周一的新闻发布会上表示，去年每周到香港超过一次的深圳居民，占赴港内地游客总人次的十分之一。梁振英说，但是很多从香港走私货物到内地的人，都是香港居民，他们不会因为针对内地人的限制而受到影响。他还表示，警方和其他机构将制定新政策，来遏制香港居民的走私行为。

“I suppose the new policy is only fair if it applies to them as well,” Frand Fong, a Shenzhen resident visiting Hong Kong on what he said was his weekly shopping trip, said in an interview. “I’m too busy at work to come here more than once a week, so I’m not affected.”

“我觉得新政策要同样适用于他们，才称得上公平，”到访香港的深圳居民弗兰德·冯(Frand Fong)在接受采访时说。他说自己每周都会来香港购物。 “我工作太忙了，没办法每周来香港超过一次，所以我不会受影响。”