普加乔夫 俄罗斯已无私有财产
One of Vladimir Putin’s former closest associates has said Russian businessmen were all now “serfs” who belonged to the president, with none of the country’s companies beyond his reach.
弗拉基米尔•普京(Vladimir Putin)昔日最亲密的伙伴之一表示，当今俄罗斯商人都是这位总统的“农奴”，俄罗斯任何企业都无法逃脱他的控制。Sergei Pugachev, who was once so close to Mr Putin that he was known as the “Kremlin’s banker”, made the comments in his first interview since the state seized his multibillion-dollar ship-building empire in 2012.
谢尔盖•普加乔夫(Sergei Pugachev)是在接受采访时发表上述言论的。他曾因与普京关系密切而被称为“克里姆林宫的银行家”。这是他自2012年以来头一回接受采访，当时他旗下价值数十亿美元的造船帝国被俄罗斯政府没收。
Speaking to the Financial Times, Mr Pugachev warned that there were no longer any “untouchables” in a Russian business landscape increasingly dominated by Mr Putin. The economy, he argued, had been transformed into a feudal system where businessmen were only nominal owners of their assets.
在接受英国《金融时报》采访时，普加乔夫警告说，在日益受普京支配的俄罗斯商界，不再有任何领域是普京“无法触及”的。他声称，俄罗斯经济已经变成了一种封建体制，商人只是自身资产名义上的所有者。
“Today in Russia there is no private property. There are only serfs who belong to Putin,” he said.
他说：“如今，俄罗斯没有私有财产，只有隶属于普京的农奴。”Mr Pugachev’s comments have fresh resonance amid the ongoing travails of another Moscow tycoon, Vladimir Yevtushenkov, whose arrest last month, and a subsequent court decision to seize shares in his Bashneft oil major, is still sending shudders through the country’s business community.
在弗拉基米尔•叶夫图申科夫(Vladimir Yevtushenkov)的风波尚未平息之际，普加乔夫的言论将引发新的反响。叶夫图申科夫是另一位莫斯科大亨，他在上个月被俄罗斯政府逮捕，随后被俄罗斯法庭判决没收其旗下Banshneft石油巨头的股份。目前，俄罗斯商界人士仍对这一事件感到震撼。That event has been interpreted by many observers as a shattering of the rules that have governed relations between the Kremlin and the country’s oligarchs in the post-Soviet era.
许多观察人士认为，该事件标志着后苏联时代规范俄罗斯政府与国内寡头关系的规则已经崩溃。Mr Pugachev – whose interests once spanned banking, construction and shipbuilding – was a towering figure of those years. He was a member of former president Boris Yeltsin’s inner circle and then became a confidant of Mr Putin.
在那些年里，普加乔夫是俄罗斯的重要人物，他的产业曾遍及银行业、建筑业及造船业。他曾是俄罗斯前总统鲍里斯•叶利钦(Boris Yeltsin)核心团队的成员，接着又成为普京的密友。When the former KGB officer became president in 2000, powerful holdovers from the Yeltsin era managed to maintain some independence. But after Mr Putin embarked on a campaign to retake state control of key parts of the economy the borders between business and the Kremlin began to be erased.
2000年普京成为俄罗斯总统时，叶利钦时代留下的强势人物曾成功保留了部分独立性。然而，普京随后发动了一场运动，以夺回俄罗斯政府对俄经济重要部门的控制权。自那以来，俄罗斯商界与政府间的边界开始消失。That process, Mr Pugachev argued, had now accelerated as the strain of western sanctions against Russia over its intervention in Ukraine increases.
普加乔夫声称，随着西方因为俄罗斯对乌克兰的干预而加紧对俄制裁，这一夺权进程正在加快。
