欧盟拟收紧对海外银行监管

Brussels is proposing to tighten its grip over overseas banks operating in the EU in a tit-for-tat step against the US that will raise costs for big foreign lenders and potentially hurt the City of London after Brexit.

布鲁塞尔提议收紧对在欧盟经营的海外银行的监管，此举是针对美国提高外国大型银行成本的报复措施，在英国退欧之后也可能打击伦敦金融城。

The European Commission will disclose provisions tomorrow that mirror controversial US intermediate holding company rules ringfencing foreign bank capital.

欧盟委员会(European Commission)将于明日披露的规定与有争议的美国中介控股公司规则（要求圈护外资银行资本）如出一辙。

When those were anno¬u¬nced in 2014, the EU complained to Wash¬ington of protectionism and threatened to retaliate.

当2014年美国宣布这些规则的时候，欧盟指责华盛顿推行保护主义，并威胁要进行报复。

If adopted in EU law, the commission proposals would force big US investment banks such as Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan to trap add¬itional capital and liquidity in the EU so their subsidiaries can be separately wound up in a crisis by European authorities.

如果这些提议成为欧盟法律，它将迫使高盛(Goldman Sachs)和摩根大通(JPMorgan)等美国大型投行在欧盟保留额外的资本和流动性，让欧洲当局能够在危机中将它们的子公司单独清盘。

The counterblow from Brussels, slipped into late drafts of the proposal, will be welcomed by EU banks that complain of an unlevel playing field with US rivals.

布鲁塞尔的反击被纳入相关提案的后期版本，它将受到抱怨与美国竞争对手处于不公平竞争环境的欧盟银行的欢迎。

But it underlines the accelerating trend towards fragmentation in financial rules, as jurisdictions assert control even at the risk of duplicating international requirements.

但它也突显出，金融规则碎片化趋势日益加速，因为各司法管辖区竞相施加控制，即使有重复国际要求的风险也在所不惜。

Although EU officials insist the proposal was drafted without Brexit in mind, the reforms would potentially affect London as a non-EU financial ¬centre.

尽管欧盟官员坚称，起草提案时没有考虑英国退欧问题，但这些改革潜在将会影响伦敦作为非欧盟金融中心的地位。

The proposal could add costs and complexity to UK-based banks by forcing them to establish a separate pool of capital in the EU after the country leaves the bloc.

在英国退出欧盟后，该提议可能会迫使总部位于英国的银行在欧盟设立单独的资本池，从而增添它们的成本和复杂性。

This is a taste of what is to come, said one adviser to an investment bank caught up by the rules.

一家受到规则影响的投行的顾问表示：这只是开始。

At a time when everyone is rethinking bank structures, it adds one more point of uncertainty.

在各方重新考虑银行架构之际，它增加了又一个不确定性。

The move is likely to stoke tension between the US and Europe ignited by a $14bn claim on Deutsche Bank from the US Department of Justice to settle claims of mis-selling mortgage securities.

此举可能加剧美国与欧洲的紧张关系，此前德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)被美国司法部罚款140亿美元以了结针对其违规销售抵押贷款证券的调查，从而让美欧关系紧张起来。

US banks say that they are already forced to hold significant amounts of capital and liquidity in their large UK operations.

美国的银行表示，它们已经被迫在规模很大的英国业务中持有了大量的资本和流动性。

But if Europe presses ahead with the latest proposals it could force them to increase the amount of resources they have tied up in Europe.

但如果欧洲推进最新提议，就可能迫使它们增加投放于欧洲的资源数量。

The measures are part of a package of reforms that Valdis Dombrovskis, the EU vice-president overseeing financial services, will bring forward tomorrow.

这些措施是欧盟负责金融服务的副主席瓦尔蒂斯.东布罗夫斯基斯(Valdis Dombrovskis)将于明日提出的改革方案的一部分。

The holding-company requirements are included in revisions to the capital requirements directive, which introduce rules intended to prevent banks from becoming too big to fail.

控股公司要求被包括在《资本要求指令》(Capital Requirements Directive)的修订版当中，后者推出了旨在阻止银行过大而不能倒闭的规则。

These include a measure, known as total loss absorbing capacity, that aims to force the very biggest banks to fund themselves through equity and hybrid debt that can absorb losses in a crisis.

这些规则包括名为总亏损吸收能力(TLAC)的措施，它的目的是迫使最大银行通过股权和混合债务为自己提供融资，从而可以在危机中吸收亏损。

Drafts seen by the Financial Times in effect extend TLAC requirements to subsidiaries of non-EU banks that are globally systemic or those with total assets of more than EURO30bn.

英国《金融时报》看到的草案实际上将TLAC要求延伸至具有全球系统重要性的非欧盟银行的子公司，或者那些总资产超过300亿欧元的银行。