英国富人和穷人的预期寿命差距已经拉大到近10年大纲
The life expectancy gap between the most affluent and the most deprived members of society in England widened to nearly 10 years, British researchers have found.
英国研究人员发现，英国最富裕和最贫困的社会成员之间的预期寿命差距已经拉大到近10年。The study analyzed a total of 7.65 million deaths in England between 2001 and 2016 based on data from the Office for National Statistics.
基于英国国家统计局的数据，这项研究分析了2001年至2016年间英国765万人的死亡。Researchers at Imperial College London found that the life expectancy gap between the most affluent and most deprived sectors of society increased from 6.1 years in 2001 to 7.9 years in 2016 for women, and from 9.0 years to 9.7 years for men.
伦敦帝国学院的研究人员发现，社会中最富裕和最贫困阶层之间的预期寿命差距，女性从2001年的6.1岁增加到2016年的7.9岁，男性则从9.0岁增加到9.7岁。
The life expectancy of women in the most deprived communities in 2016 was 78.8 years, compared to 86.7 years in the most affluent group.
2016年，最贫困社区女性的预期寿命为78.8岁，而最富裕社区女性的预期寿命为86.7岁。
For men, life expectancy was 74.0 years among the poorest, compared to 83.8 years among the richest.
对于男性来说，最贫困人群的预期寿命为74.0岁，而最富裕人群的预期寿命为83.8岁。The largest contributors to life expectancy inequalities were deaths in children younger than five years old, mostly neonatal deaths, as well as respiratory diseases, heart disease, lung and digestive cancers, and dementia among the elderly.
造成预期寿命不平等的最大原因是5岁以下儿童的死亡，其中大多数是新生儿死亡，以及呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、肺癌和消化系统癌症和老年人的痴呆症。Majid Ezzati, senior author of the research, noted that "a perfect storm of factors" led to the earlier deaths of poor people, including stagnated working income, rising price of healthy foods, funding squeeze for health and late diagnosis of diseases.
这项研究的资深作者马吉德·埃扎蒂指出，包括收入停滞、健康食品价格上涨、健康资金紧张和疾病诊断延迟等在内的“一系列糟糕的因素”，导致穷人过早死亡。"Greater investment in health and social care in the most deprived areas will help reverse the worrying trends seen in our work. We also need government and industry action to eradicate food insecurity and make healthy food choices more affordable, so that the quality of a family's diet isn't dictated by their income," he suggested.
他建议称：“在最贫困地区加大对健康和社会关怀的投入，将有助于扭转我们在工作中看到的令人担忧的趋势。我们还需要政府和有关行业采取行动，消除食品不安全状况，使人们更容易承担得起健康食品的选择，这样一个家庭的饮食质量就不会由他们的收入决定。”
