《纽约时报》年十大好书

The year’s best books, selected by the editors of The New York Times Book Review.
年度最佳书籍，由《纽约时报》书评版编辑评选。
FICTION
虚构类
ALL THE LIGHT WE CANNOT SEE
《我们看不到的所有光明》(All the Light We Cannot See)
By Anthony Doerr
安东尼·多伊尔(Anthony Doerr)著
Scribner, $27.
斯克里布纳出版社(Scribner)，27美元。

With brisk chapters and sumptuous language, Doerr’s second novel follows two characters whose paths will intersect in the waning days of World War II: an orphaned engineering prodigy recruited into the Nazi ranks, and a blind French girl who joins the Resistance. Tackling questions of survival, endurance and moral obligations during wartime, the book is as precise and artful and ingenious as the puzzle boxes the heroine’s locksmith father builds for her. Impressively, it is also a vastly entertaining feat of storytelling.
这是多伊尔的第二部小说，以轻快的章节和丰富的语言讲述两个人物的人生道路如何在“二战”之后交汇：一个是被招募为纳粹士兵的工程天才孤儿，另一个是加入抵抗组织的失明法国女孩。本书探讨战争期间的生存、忍耐与道德困境，如同女主人公做锁匠的父亲为她打造的谜箱一样精确而巧妙。它令人难忘，在叙事上也展现出引人入胜的技巧。
DEPT. OF SPECULATION
《猜测部门》(Dept. of Speculation)
By Jenny Offill
詹尼·奥菲尔(Jenny Offill)著
AlfRed A. Knopf, $22.95.
阿尔弗莱德·A·克诺普夫出版社(Alfred A. Knopf)，22.95美元

Offill’s slender and cannily paced novel, her second, assembles fragments, observations, meditations and different points of view to chart the course of a troubled marriage. Wry and devastating in equal measure, the novel is a cracked mirror that throws light in every direction — on music and literature; science and philosophy; marriage and motherhood and infidelity; and especially love and the grueling rigors of domestic life. Part elegy and part primal scream, it’s a profound and unexpectedly buoyant performance.
|奥菲尔的第二部小说纤弱而结构精巧，由碎片、观察、沉思与不同观点组成，描绘出一段混乱的婚姻。这部小说既扭曲又可怕，像一面龟裂的镜子，向四面八方折射光线——它涉及音乐与文学，科学与哲学，婚姻、母性与不忠；特别是家庭生活中的爱与严酷。它半是哀歌，半是原始的惊叫，既深沉，而又有着出人意料的轻快一面。
EUPHORIA
《欣快》(Euphoria)
By Lily King
莉莉·金(Lily King)
Atlantic Monthly Press, $25.
大西洋月刊出版社(Atlantic Monthly Press)，25美元。

In 1933, the anthropologist Margaret Mead took a field trip to the Sepik River in New Guinea with her second husband; they met and collaborated with the man who would become her third. King has taken the known details of that actual event and created this exquisite novel, her fourth, about the rewards and disappointments of intellectual ambition and physical desire. The result is an intelligent, sensual tale told with a suitable mix of precision and heat.
1933年，人类学家玛格丽特·米德(Margaret Mead)与第二任丈夫到新几内亚的塞皮克河做田野调查；他们遇见了一个男人，并与其合作，后来他成了米德的第三任丈夫。金采用这桩真实事件的已知细节创作了这本精巧的小说。这是她的第四本小说，探讨知性抱负与身体欲望带来的回报与失望。这是一个既聪慧又感性的故事，将精确与热情融合得恰到好处。
FAMILY LIFE
《家庭生活》(Family Life)
By Akhil Sharma
阿克希尔·沙玛(Akhil Sharma) 著。
W. W. Norton & Company, $23.95.
诺顿出版社(Norton)，23.95美元。

Sharma’s austere but moving novel tells the semi-autobiographical story of a family that immigrates from India to Queens, and has just begun to build a new life when the elder son suffers severe brain damage in a swimming pool accident. Deeply unnerving and gorgeously tender, the book chronicles how grief renders the parents unable to cherish and raise their other son; love, it suggests, becomes warped and jagged and even seemingly vanishes in the midst of mourning.
沙玛的这部小说朴实而感人，是一个半自传性质的故事，讲述了一个印度家庭刚移居纽约皇后区，开始建立新生活不久，长子便由于泳池事故患上严重的脑损伤。本书令人深深不安而又极为温柔，讲述了悲伤如何令父母无法去珍惜和抚养另一个儿子的故事；它令人想到，在悲哀的浓雾之中，爱也会变得粗糙扭曲，甚至看似消失。
REDEPLOYMENT
《重新部署》(Redeployment)
By Phil Klay
菲尔·克雷(Phil Klay)著。
The Penguin Press, $26.95.
企鹅出版社(The Penguin Press)，26.95美元。

In this brilliant debut story collection, Klay — a former Marine who served in Iraq — shows what happens when young, heavily armed Americans collide with a fractured and deeply foreign country few of them even remotely understand. Iraq comes across not merely as a theater of war but as a laboratory for the human condition in extremis. The collection is hilarious, biting, whipsawing and sad: the best thing written so far on what the war did to people’s souls.
克雷是一位曾在伊拉克服役的前海军陆战队战士，在这部精彩的处女短篇小说集中，他写了重重武装的年轻美国战士们在破败的异国腹地乡村发生的事，他们几乎没有人了解这个地方。伊拉克不仅是战争发生的舞台，也是紧急关头的人性实验室。这部小说集时而令人捧腹，时而极度辛酸，时而深刻，时而悲伤，是迄今为止关于战争对人类灵魂影响的最佳作品。
NONFICTION
非虚构类
CAN’T WE TALK ABOUT SOMETHING MORE PLEASANT?
《我们能说更愉快的事吗?》(Can’t We Talk About Something More Pleasant?)
By Roz Chast
罗兹·查斯特(Roz Chast)创作并绘画
Bloomsbury, $28.
布鲁姆斯伯里出版社(Bloomsbury)，28美元。

Cartoons, it turns out, are tailor-made for the absurdities of old age, illness and dementia. In Chast’s devastating and sublime graphic memoir, the odd dramas and repetitive minutiae find perfect expression in her signature antic drawings as she describes helping her parents navigate their final years — from packing up their cluttered Brooklyn apartment to getting a seat at the “right” table in the nursing home. No one has perfect parents, and no one can write a perfect book about them. But Chast has come close.
书中的卡通仿佛是为年老、疾病与痴呆症所带来的荒谬情况而量身定制的。在查斯特的这本悲伤而庄严的图文回忆录中，描绘了她如何帮助父母度过晚年——从打扫他们凌乱的布鲁克林公寓，到在疗养院里为他们在“合适的”桌边找到坐的地方，她那标志性的滑稽绘画完美地表现了书中奇异的戏剧效果与重复的细节。没有人拥有完美的父母，也没有人能为他们写一部完美的书，但查斯特很接近了。
ON IMMUNITY: An Inoculation
《免疫：接种》(On Immunity: An Inoculation)
By Eula Biss
欧拉·比斯(Eula Biss)。
Graywolf Press, $24.
格雷沃夫出版社，24美元

In this spellbinding blend of memoir, science journalism and literary criticism, Biss unpacks what the fear of vaccines tells us about larger anxieties involving purity, contamination and interdependency. Deeply researched and anchored in Biss’s own experiences as a new mother, this ferociously intelligent book is itself an inoculation against bad science and superstition, and a reminder that we owe one another our lives.
这部引人入胜的书混合了回忆录、科学新闻写作和文艺评论。比斯揭示出，对疫苗的恐惧显示了我们对于纯正、污染与相关性的深层焦虑。她建立在自己初为人母经历的基础上展开深入研究，创作了这本极为聪明的书，讲述疫苗如何对抗伪科学与迷信，并提醒人们，人类在生活中是互相依存的。
PENELOPE FITZGERALD: A Life
《佩妮洛普·菲茨杰拉德：生平》(Penelope Fitzgerald: A Life)
By Hermione Lee
赫米奥尼·李(Hermione Lee)著。
Alfred A. Knopf, $35.
阿尔弗莱德·A·克诺普夫出版社，35美元。

The life and times of that elusive, original miracle worker, the English novelist and biographer Penelope Fitzgerald, have been brilliantly captured by Lee, previously the author of masterly portraits of Virginia Woolf, Willa Cather and Edith Wharton. Growing up steeped in literature but sidetracked by the vicissitudes of life, Fitzgerald published her first book at 58 and did not become famous until she was 80. But her fiction, when it finally emerged, had a tamped-down force and intense compression, as if the decades-long wait had worked its own clarifying, crystallizing magic.
李曾为维吉尼亚·伍尔夫(Virginia Woolf)、薇拉·卡特(Willa Cather)与伊迪丝·沃顿(Edith Wharton)写过精彩的传记，这一次亦出色地捕捉了难以捉摸、另辟蹊径的英国小说家与传记作家佩妮洛普·菲茨杰拉德的人生与时代。菲茨杰拉德从小浸淫文学，人生饱经沧桑，直至58岁才发表第一部作品，80岁才成名。她的小说压抑凝练，仿佛几十年的等待都成为清澈透明的魔法。
THE SIXTH EXTINCTION: An Unnatural History
《第六次灭绝：非自然史》(The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History)
By Elizabeth Kolbert
伊丽莎白·科尔伯特(Elizabeth Kolbert)著
Henry Holt & Company, $28.
亨利·霍尔特与公司出版社(Henry Holt & Company)，28美元

Kolbert reports from the front lines of the violent collision between civilization and our planet’s ecosystem — from the Great Barrier Reef to her own backyard — in this, her third, book. Traveling to some of the world’s remotest corners, she examines how man-made climate change threatens to eliminate 20 to 50 percent of all living species on earth within this century. This is environmental writing at its most rigorous and richly detailed — and as riveting as any thriller.
这是科尔伯特的第三本书，她站在人类文明与这个星球生态环境激烈冲突的最前沿写作——从大堡礁到她家后院。她走访了这个世界最偏远的若干角落，检视人为气候变化如何在本世纪内威胁到20%至50%的现存物种的生存。这本环保书极为严谨，细节丰富，而又如同惊悚小说般引人入胜。
THIRTEEN DAYS IN SEPTEMBER: Carter, Begin, and Sadat at Camp David
《九月里的13天：卡特、贝京与萨达特在戴维营》(Thirteen Days in September: Carter, Begin and Sadat at Camp David)
By Lawrence Wright
劳伦斯·怀特(Lawrence Wright)著
Alfred A. Knopf, $27.95.
阿尔弗莱德·A·克诺普夫出版社，27.95美元。

In 1978, over 13 days at Camp David, Anwar Sadat, Menachem Begin and Jimmy Carter hammered out a peace agreement between Israel and Egypt that remains the most profound diplomatic achievement to emerge from the Mideast conflict. In a fascinating account of the talks, Wright combines history, politics and, most of all, a gripping drama of three clashing personalities into a tale of constant plot twists and dark humor. He reminds us that Carter’s visionary idealism and doggedness represented an act of surpassing political courage.
1978年，安瓦尔·萨达特(Anwar Sadat)、梅赫纳姆·贝京(Menachem Begin)与吉米·卡特在戴维营中度过了13天，艰苦地达成以色列与埃及之间的和平协议，这份和平协议迄今仍然是中东冲突中意义最为深远的外交成就。怀特精彩地描述了这些会谈，将历史、政治与三个冲突的人格之间发生的引人入胜的戏剧融为一体，写成了这个充满阴谋转折和黑色幽默的故事。他提醒我们，卡特富于远见的理想主义和固执代表了一种卓越的政治勇气。