双语科技百科(近现代成就) 第106期:"银河"巨型计算机
The Yinhe Supercomputer
On November 21, 1981, “Yinhe I”supercomputer, with a performance of 100 million Flops, was successfully developed by National University of Defense Technology and got by state verification in Changsha. Yinhe I was at that time the fastest and most powerful computer. Its birth filled in the gap in domestic supercomputer research and marked China entering the rank of international research of supercomputer. China had become the third country in the world which could develop large-scale computer after the US and Japan.
1983年11月21日，由中国人民解放军国防科技大学研制成功的中国第 一台亿次巨型计算机——“银河-I”计算机在长沙通过国家鉴定。“银河-I”巨型计算机是当时运行速度最快、功能最强的计算机，它的诞生，填补了国内巨型计算机研制的空白，标志着我国进入世界巨型计算机研制的行列。我国成为继美国和日本之后第三个能研制巨型机的国家。It was then used in the detection of oil and coal mines. Besides, it was also used for the satellite route analysis. At that time, only a few developed c:ountnes could develop supercomputer. The success of Yinhe brought Chinese computer industry into a very fast development. After Yinhe one , the Yinhe Two and Yinhe Three came out in 1992 and 1993 respectively.
“银河-I”计算机很快被用于石油和煤炭勘测，此外，也用在卫星运行路线的分析。在当时，只有少数几个发达国家掌握这项技术。此后，中国在巨型计算机研究领域不断进步，先后又两次取得重大突破：国防科技大学研制成功的“银河．Ⅱ”十亿次和“银河一Ⅲ”百亿次巨型计算机，分别于1992年和1997年通过国家鉴定。
In 1997, the large-scale computer “Galaxy-III”that could calculate 13 billion times in one second was developed in the University of National Defense Science and Technology. Galaxy series largescale computers developed by the University of National Defense Science and Technology have displayed its prowess fully in the weather forecasting, which not only enabled our country to rank among few countries that could make mid-term numerical weather forecast, but also remarkably improved the capability of forecasting serious natural calamities and yield enormous economic and social efficiencies.
1997，由国防科技大学计算机研究所研制的“银河一Ⅲ”百亿次巨型计算机系统，在北京通过了国家技术鉴定。我国在设计研制巨型计算机的过程中，坚持研制生产与开发应用相结合，把“好用”、“实用”作为国产巨型机走向市场的生命线。比如，在首台巨型机研制时，就与国家气象部门探讨气象领域对巨型机的需求，突破了向量化并行算法等一系列关键技术，开发出了我国第一个全面向量化的大型应用软件——“高分辨率中期预报模式银河高效软件系统”，使国产“银河”巨型机完成24小时天气预报的运行时间由过去的10700秒缩短为3900秒，一年就可为国家节省机时费300多万元。使我国成为世界上少数几个能发布5—7天中期数值天气预报的国家之一。如今，“银河”系列巨型机广泛应用于天气预报、空气动力实验、工程物理、石油勘探、地震数据处理等领域．产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
