昂山素季拒绝联合国调查缅甸罗兴亚危机

A rift between Aung San Suu Kyi and some prominent western supporters has deepened after she criticised an international mission tasked with probing alleged Myanmar army abuses against the country’s Muslim Rohingya minority.

缅甸事实上的领导人昂山素季(Aung San Suu Kyi)批评了一个国际调查团，该调查团的任务是调查缅甸军方涉嫌残暴对待该国穆斯林少数族群罗兴亚人(Rohingya)的行为。这一表态令她与她在西方的部分重要支持者之间的分歧有所加深。

The de facto Myanmar leader publicly clashed with Federica Mogherini, the EU’s foreign policy chief, arguing that an EU-backed review of the Rohingya crisis was not “in keeping with what is actually happening on the ground”.

昂山素季与欧盟(EU)外交事务最高官员费代丽卡?莫盖里尼(Federica Mogherini)发生公开冲突，她声称一项由欧盟支持的、对罗兴亚危机的调查不“符合当地实际发生的情况”。

The EU and the US — which also endorsed the proposed review by the UN human rights council — have been among Ms Aung San Suu Kyi’s most vocal international backers. They lauded her long journey from pro-democracy prisoner of conscience under Myanmar’s former ruling generals to landslide election victor in 2015.

美国也支持这项由联合国人权理事会(UN human rights council)提议的调查。欧盟和美国一直是昂山素季在国际上最大声的支持者。昂山素季从缅甸前军政府统治下的一名亲民主的良心犯，一步步走到在2015年大选中取得压倒性胜利，欧盟和美国对她走过的这一漫长历程大加赞誉。

But allegations that Myanmar security forces have waged a campaign of mass murder and rape in Rohingya areas have created diplomatic strains. Some of Ms Aung San Suu Kyi’s supporters retort that it is unrealistic to expect her to directly confront the country’s still-powerful military.

然而，有关缅甸安全部队在罗兴亚人地区发动大规模谋杀和强奸的指控，引发了外交上的紧张。昂山素季的一些支持者对这些指控迅速反驳道，指望她与缅甸依然强势的军方直接对抗是不现实的。

Ms Aung San Suu Kyi said the planned UN human rights council fact-finding mission would “divide” communities in the troubled western state of Rakhine. The Rohingya minority there has long faced official discrimination and been targeted by Buddhist hardliners who brand them unwelcome immigrants.

昂山素季表示，计划中的联合国人权理事会调查团，将“分化”已然问题重重的缅甸西部若开邦的社群。长期以来，若开邦的罗兴亚人一直受到官方的歧视，而且是佛教强硬派分子的眼中钉。这些佛教强硬派分子称罗兴亚人是不受欢迎的外来者。

The UN human rights council resolved in March to launch a review into reports of abuses during a months-long military crackdown in Rohingya areas of Rakhine. The clampdown was a response to an October attack by militiamen that allegedly killed nine security force members stationed close to the Bangladeshi border.

今年3月，联合国人权理事会作出决议，对有关缅甸军方在若开邦罗兴亚人地区展开的、长达数月的军事镇压中残暴对待罗兴亚人的报告发起调查。这次镇压是为了回应去年10月武装分子发动的一次袭击，那次袭击据称导致9名驻守在缅孟边境附近的安全部队人员丧生。

“We are disassociating ourselves from the resolution because we don’t think the resolution is in keeping with what is actually happening on the ground,” Ms Aung San Suu Kyi told a joint news conference with Ms Mogherini in Brussels on Tuesday.

周二，昂山素季在布鲁塞尔与莫盖里尼举行联合新闻发布会，她说：“我们表明我们是不赞成该决议的，因为我们不认为该决议与当地实际发生的情况相符。”

Ms Aung San Suu Kyi said she would follow instead the recommendations of a special commission on Rakhine she set up in August under the leadership of Kofi Annan, former UN secretary-general.

她表示，相反，她会遵从一个若开邦事务特别委员会的建议。该委员会是她去年8月设立的，由联合国前秘书长科菲?安南(Kofi Annan)领导。

Ms Mogherini countered that the human rights council mission would focus on “establishing the truth about the past”. She noted that the subject was a rare source of discord between Myanmar and the EU, which has scrapped most sanctions imposed during the dictatorship years but retains an arms embargo.

莫盖里尼则回击称，联合国人权理事会调查团将致力于“确证关于过去的真相”。她指出，这是个少有的会引起缅甸与欧盟不和的话题。欧盟现已取消了缅甸独裁统治期间对其实施的多数制裁，但保留了武器禁运。

Myanmar security forces launched a “calculated policy of terror” in Rohingya areas that killed hundreds of people and drove tens of thousands from their homes, according to a report published in February by the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. The research was based on the testimony of Rohingya refugees who had fled affected areas. The Myanmar government has said it will investigate all allegations properly.

今年2月联合国人权事务高级专员办事处(Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights)发布的一份报告称，缅甸安全部队在罗兴亚人地区采取了一项“经过精心计划的恐怖政策”，导致成百上千人丧生、数万人流离失所。这项研究以逃离受影响地区的罗兴亚难民的证词为基础。缅甸政府表示，它会对所有指控展开适当的调查。

Ms Aung San Suu Kyi has faced criticism from rights activists for not taking a stronger stand against both the Rakhine violence and attempts by government officials and state media to discredit the allegations of abuses. Analysts say she has only limited influence over the military, which still holds a quarter of the seats in parliament, crucial ministries and vast power behind the scenes in a country still in the early stages of a long transition to civilian rule.

由于既没有对若开邦暴力事件采取更强硬立场，也没有更强硬地反对政府官员及官方媒体抹黑残暴行为指控的企图，昂山素季受到人权活动人士的批评。分析人士称，缅甸向文官统治转型是一个漫长的过程，现在仍处于早期阶段，昂山素季对军方、关键政府部门及幕后的庞大实权派只有有限的影响力。目前，缅甸军方仍在国会把持着四分之一的席位。