富士康拟将低端制造业从中国转向印度

The Taiwanese manufacturing group Foxconn plans an aggressive expansion in India, building up to 12 new factories and employing as many as 1m workers by 2020, as it battles rising wage costs and labour disputes in China.

台湾制造集团富士康(Foxconn)计划在印度大举扩张，打算在2020年以前建造最多12家新厂，聘用多达100万名员工。该公司正艰难应对中国日益增长的薪资成本和不断增加的劳工纠纷。

The move signals a shift in strategy for the technology company, which is mainland China’s biggest private-sector employer and is best known as the largest global contract manufacturer of Apple’s iPhone and iPad devices.

富士康此举标志着这家高科技企业的一次战略转移。富士康是中国内地最大的民营雇主，其最为人所知的是作为苹果(Apple)的iPhone和iPad设备在全球最大的代工制造商。

India has long hoped that its vast pool of cheap workers would see it become the world’s next manufacturing powerhouse after China, only to find its ambitions thwarted by poor infrastructure and complex labour regulations. But Foxconn said it saw “huge potential” to set up Chinese-style facilities in the country, providing a boost to Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s “Make in India” manufacturing drive.

长期以来，印度一直希望其数量庞大的廉价劳工能使该国成为继中国之后世界下一个制造业发动机，但印度的雄心壮志受制于糟糕的基础设施和复杂的劳动法规。不过，富士康表示，该公司看到了在印度打造中国式工厂设施的“巨大潜力”，这对印度总理纳伦德拉莫迪(Narendra Modi)的“印度制造”(Made in India)的制造业发展努力是一大提振。

The Taiwanese group is the most significant global manufacturer to announce plans to establish new facilities in the country since Mr Modi took power in May last year, following an election campaign in which he pledged to provide jobs for the 10m-12m Indians who enter the labour market each year.

这家台资集团是自莫迪上任以来，宣布在印度建设新厂计划的最重要的全球制造商。莫迪在去年5月当选以前，曾在选战中承诺要为每年进入就业市场的1000万到1200万印度人创造就业岗位。

Foxconn’s move is also likely to make India its largest production base after China, where it operates more than a dozen facilities, employing the vast majority of its more than 1m global workforce. “We have significant plans for India and we see huge potential in the country,” Foxconn Technology Group said. “This includes plans to establish 10 to 12 manufacturing facilities in the country by 2020, which would generate around 1m job opportunities.”

富士康此举还可能令印度成为其仅次于中国的最大生产基地。在中国，富士康运营着10多家工厂，在华聘用的员工占其全球逾100万员工的绝大多数。富士康表示：“我们对印度有着重大规划，也看到了该国的巨大潜力。这些规划中包括了在2020年以前在印度建设10到12家制造厂的计划，它们会创造大约100万个就业岗位。”

Facing rising wage bills in China, Foxconn, also known as Hon Hai Precision Industries, has tried to leave behind its low-cost image by investing in robotics and other advanced technologies.

富士康又名鸿海精密(Hon Hai Precision Industries)。由于在中国面对不断上涨的薪资账单，该公司已试图通过投资于机器人等先进技术，改变其低成本形象。

But analysts said the group’s Indian expansion signalled a broader shift in which Foxconn would look to move low-end manufacturing from China to India, while seeking to supply companies targeting India’s domestic market, such as Chinese smartphone maker Xiaomi.

但分析师们表示，该集团向印度的扩张，标志着一种更大范围的转移。通过这一转移过程，富士康寻求将低端制造业从中国转向印度，并试图为瞄准印度国内市场的企业供货——比如中国智能手机制造商小米(Xiaomi)。