特朗普威胁对德国汽车制造商征税

President Donald Trump’s planned steel and aluminium tariffs have shaken up the US political establishment, drawing unexpected support from some Democrats while earning criticism from Republicans.

美国总统唐纳德特朗普(Donald Trump)征收钢铝关税的计划撼动了美国的政治体制，一些民主党人意外表态支持，而一些共和党人提出批评。

Hours after Mr Trump described the tariffs as “my baby” at a Pennsylvania rally, referring to EU cars as “the big money item” when it came to tariffs, he was given a measure of support by Elizabeth Warren, the Democratic Senator for Massachusetts.

特朗普在宾夕法尼亚州的一个集会上将钢铝关税形容为“我的宝贝”，并称，就关税而言，欧盟的汽车是“大钱项目”。几小时后，他得到了马萨诸塞州民主党参议员伊丽莎白沃伦(Elizabeth Warren)的有限度的支持。

But Jeff Flake, a Republican senator from Arizona, said he planned to introduce legislation that would nullify Mr Trump’s planned tariffs, adding that Congress had used similar authority in the 1970s to block President Jimmy Carter’s tariffs on oil.

但是，亚利桑那州共和党参议员杰夫弗莱克(Jeff Flake)表示，他计划提交使特朗普的关税计划无效的法案，并补充说，国会在20世纪70年代曾使用类似的权力来阻止吉米卡特(Jimmy Carter)总统的石油关税。

The EU has warned it could impose penalties on some 2.8bn of imported US goods, ranging from motorcycles to peanut butter, if the US follows through with imposing the tariffs on European steel and aluminium.

欧盟警告称，如果美国真的对欧洲的钢铁和铝征收关税，它可能会对大约28亿欧元的进口美国商品（从摩托车到花生酱）实施报复。

“All these countries are calling up [and saying] ‘we don’t want the tariffs. What do we have to do’” Mr Trump said scornfully at the Pennsylvania campaign rally on Saturday, ahead of an election for a seat in the House of Representatives. “A lot of us come from the European ds nice. They kill us on have trade barriers. We can’t even sell our farming goods in there. They totally restrict us.”

“这些国家都打电话来，说‘我们不想要关税。我们该做些什么？’”特朗普上周六在宾夕法尼亚州的集会上轻蔑地表示；这个竞选集会是为一个众议院席位的补选而举行的。“我们当中有很多人来自欧盟……听起来不错。他们在贸易上要我们的命……他们有贸易壁垒。我们甚至不能在那里出售我们的农产品。他们完全限制我们。”

Mr Trump continued: “They say: we want those tariffs taken off. I say: ‘Good. Open up the barriers and get rid of your tariffs and if you don’t do that we’re going to tax Mercedes-Benz. We’re going to tax BMW. You wanna have money come into our country”

特朗普继续说：“他们说：我们希望那些关税被消除。我说：‘好啊。那就打开壁垒，消除你们的关税；如果你们不这样做，我们将对梅赛德斯-奔驰(Mercedes-Benz)征税。我们将对宝马(BMW)征税。你们想要送钱给我们国家吗？”

Behind the scenes, EU representatives have been furiously working to push for exemptions to the tariffs, and have said they would continue their discussions next week. On Saturday, top EU and Japanese trade officials met their US counterparts in a discussion that was originally intended as a forum to discuss a joint approach to dealing with China, but evolved into a discussion about trade. The meeting failed to provide clarity on how countries can apply for carve-outs.

在幕后，欧盟代表在疯狂地努力推动豁免关税，并表示他们将在下周继续讨论。上周六，欧盟和日本的高级贸易官员会晤了美国同行，这个会议本来是要讨论联合对付中国的方式，但结果演变成了对彼此间贸易的讨论。会议未能澄清各国如何申请例外对待的问题。

On Sunday, BMW and Daimler, Mercedes-Benz’s parent company, declined to comment.

宝马以及梅赛德斯-奔驰的母公司戴姆勒(Daimler)周日拒绝发表评论。

Bernhard Mattes, president of the German Association of the Automotive Industry, suggested that a retaliatory strike by Mr Trump against German carmakers would be unwise.

德国汽车工业协会(Bernhard Mattes)主席伯恩哈德马特斯(Bernhard Mattes)提出，特朗普对德国汽车制造商进行报复性打击将是不明智的。

“The US president should consider that the mentioned German carmakers make a significant contribution to the US’s automotive trade an carmakers employ 36,500 people in the US, plus 80,000 jobs at German suppliers,” he said.

“美国总统应该考虑到，上述德国汽车制造商对美国的汽车贸易平衡做出了重大贡献……德国汽车制造商在美国雇用3.65万人，再加上德国供应商给美国带来的8万工作岗位，”他表示。

“If the tariffs should really hit Europe, we will have countermeasures,” Margrethe Vestager, the European Commissioner for Competition, told Bild am Sonntag. “We will not stand idle if somebody puts free global trade at risk.”

“如果这些关税真的打击欧洲，我们会采取反制措施，”欧盟竞争事务专员玛格丽特维斯特格(Margrethe Vestager)告诉《周日图片报》(Bild am Sonntag)。“如果有人把全球自由贸易置于风险之中，我们不会袖手旁观。”

Additional reporting by Jim Brunsden in Brussels and Shawn Donnan in Austin, Texas

吉姆布伦斯登(Jim Brunsden)布鲁塞尔和肖恩唐南(Shawn Donnan)得克萨斯州奥斯汀补充报道